比爾蓋茨的哈佛大學(xué)演講(8)

　　Finding solutions is essential if we want to make the most of our caring. If we have clear and proven answers anytime an organization or individual asks "How can I help?," then we can get action - and we can make sure that none of the caring in the world is wasted. But complexity makes it hard to mark a path of action for everyone who cares -- and that makes it hard for their caring to matter.

　　如果我們要讓關(guān)心落到實處，我們就必須找到解決辦法。如果我們有一個清晰的和可靠的答案，那么當(dāng)任何組織和個人發(fā)出疑問"如何我能提供幫助"的時候，我們就能采取行動。我們就能夠保證不浪費一丁點全世界人類對他人的關(guān)心。但是，世界的復(fù)雜性使得很難找到對全世界每一個有愛心的人都有效的行動方法，因此人類對他人的關(guān)心往往很難產(chǎn)生實際效果。

　　Cutting through complexity to find a solution runs through four predictable stages: determine a goal, find the highest-leverage approach, discover the ideal technology for that approach, and in the meantime, make the smartest application of the technology that you already have -- whether it's something sophisticated, like a drug, or something simpler, like a bednet.

　　從這個復(fù)雜的世界中找到解決辦法，可以分為四個步驟：確定目標(biāo)，找到最高效的方法，發(fā)現(xiàn)適用于這個方法的新技術(shù)，同時最聰明地利用現(xiàn)有的技術(shù)，不管它是復(fù)雜的藥物，還是最簡單的蚊帳。

　　The AIDS epidemic offers an example. The broad goal, of course, is to end the disease. The highest-leverage approach is prevention. The ideal technology would be a vaccine that gives lifetime immunity with a single dose. So governments, drug companies, and foundations fund vaccine research. But their work is likely to take more than a decade, so in the meantime, we have to work with what we have in hand - and the best prevention approach we have now is getting people to avoid risky behavior.

　　艾滋病就是一個例子?？偟哪繕?biāo)，毫無疑問是消滅這種疾病。最高效的方法是預(yù)防。最理想的技術(shù)是發(fā)明一種疫苗，只要注射一次，就可以終生免疫。所以，政府、制藥公司、基金會應(yīng)該資助疫苗研究。但是，這樣研究工作很可能十年之內(nèi)都無法完成。因此，與此同時，我們必須使用現(xiàn)有的技術(shù)，目前最有效的預(yù)防方法就是設(shè)法讓人們避免那些危險的行為。