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pep小升初英語考試重點全在這兒了

時間: 慧良1230 分享

pep小升初英語考試重點全在這兒了

  小升初英語該怎么復(fù)習(xí)?相比這個難題難倒了不少家長,今天先生我整理一份小升初英語復(fù)習(xí)重點,來幫助大家復(fù)習(xí)英語!小編在這里整理了相關(guān)知識,快來看看吧!

  pep小升初英語考試重點全在這兒了

  小升初英語復(fù)習(xí)重點

  第一部分:48個國際音標(biāo)教學(xué)(學(xué)會根據(jù)音標(biāo)讀單詞)

  1、語音:元音的發(fā)音

  五個元音字母:AEIOU

  12個單元音:長元音:/ɑ:/,/ɔ:/,/ə:/, /i:/,/u:/

  短元音:/æ/ /e/ /i/ / ɔ / /∧/ /u/ /ə/

  2、詞匯:詞匯量,近反義詞 3、句子:大小寫,標(biāo)點符號

  第二部分:語法知識

  一、名詞:名詞單復(fù)數(shù),名詞的格

  (一)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)

  1.一般情況,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

  2.以s. x.sh. ch結(jié)尾,加-es,如:bus-buses,box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

  3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries

  4.以“f或fe”結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives

  5.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù):

  man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice

  child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese

  不可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)就是原型: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea

  (二)名詞的格

  (1) 有生命的東西的名詞所有格:

  a)單數(shù)后加 ’s 如: Lucy’s ruler my father’s shirt

  b)以s 結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加 ’如: his friends’ bags

  c)不以s 結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)后加’s children’s shoes

  l 并列名詞中,如果把 ’s加在最后一個名詞后,表示共有,如:

  Tom and Mike’s car 湯姆和邁克共有的小汽車

  l 要表示所有物不是共有的,應(yīng)分別在并列名詞后加’s

  Tom’s and Mike’s cars 湯姆和麥克各自的小汽車

  (2)表示無生命東西的名詞通常用“ of +名詞”來表示所有關(guān)系:

  如:a picture of the classroom a map of China

  二.冠詞:不定冠詞,定冠詞種類:

  (1)不定冠詞:a /an a unit / an uncle

  元音開頭的可數(shù)名詞前用an:

  an egg / an apple/ an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor /an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / anhouran old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / anart lesson /

  (2)定冠詞:the the egg the plane

  2. 用法:

  定冠詞的用法:

  (1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物: The ruler is on the desk.

  (2)復(fù)述上文提到的人或物:Hehas a sweater. The sweater is new.

  (3)談話雙方都知道的人或物:Theboys aren’t at school.

  (4)在序數(shù)詞前:John’s birthday is February the second.

  (5)用于固定詞組中:in the morning / afternoon / evening

  不用冠詞的情況:

  (1)專有名詞前:Chinais a big country.

  (2)名詞前有定語:this, that , my , your , some, any , no 等:

  This is my baseball.

  (3)復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人和事:Monkeyscan’t swim. They are teachers.

  (4)在節(jié)日,日期,月份,季節(jié)前:Today is Christmas Day. It’sSunday.

  (5)一日三餐前:Wehave breakfast at 6:30.

  (6)球類棋類運動前:They often play football after class. He plays chessat home.

  * 但樂器前要用定冠詞:Iplay the guitar very well.

  (7)學(xué)科名稱前:Myfavorite subject is music.

  (8)在稱呼或頭銜的名詞前:Thisis Mr Li.

  (9)固定詞組中:atnoon at night by bus

  三、代詞:人稱代詞,物主代詞

主格

賓格

第一
人稱

單數(shù)

I(我)

me

my(我的)

復(fù)數(shù)

we(我們)

us

our(我們的)

第二

單數(shù)

you(你)

you

your(你的)

人稱

復(fù)數(shù)

you(你們)

you

your(你們的)

第三
人稱

單數(shù)

he(他)

him

his(他的)

she(她)

her

her(她的)

it(它)

it

its(它的)

復(fù)數(shù)

they(他們/她們/它們)

them

their(他們的/她們的/它們的)

  四、形容詞,副詞:比較級,最高級

  (一)、形容詞的比較級

  1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運用:兩個事物或人的比較用比較級,比較級后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more,a little來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格(口語中可用賓格)。

  2.形容詞加er的規(guī)則:

 ?、乓话阍谠~尾加er ;

  ⑵以字母e 結(jié)尾,加r ;

 ?、且砸粋€元音字母和一個輔音字母結(jié)尾,應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加er ;

  ⑷以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,先把y變i,再加er 。

  3.不規(guī)則形容詞比較級:

  good-better, beautiful-more beautiful

  (二)副詞的比較級

  1.形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別 (有be用形,有形用be;有動用副,有副用動)

  ⑴在句子中形容詞一般處于名詞之前或be動詞之后

 ?、聘痹~在句子中最常見的是處于實義動詞之后

  2.副詞比較級的變化規(guī)則基本與形容詞比較級相同 (不規(guī)則變化:well-better,far-farther)

  五、數(shù)詞:基數(shù)詞,序數(shù)詞

  (一)基數(shù)詞

  (1)1-20

  one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty

  (2)21-99 先說“幾十”,再說“幾”,中間加連字符。

  23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty—five,56→fifty-six,67→sixty-seven,78→seventy-eight,89→eighty-nine,91→ninety-one

  (3)101—999先說“幾百”,再加and,再加末兩位數(shù)或末位數(shù);

  586→fivehundred and eighty-six,803→eight hundred and three

  (4)l,000以上,先從右往左數(shù),每三位數(shù)加一個“,”,第一個“,”前為thousand.第二個“,”前為million,第三個“,”前為billion

  1,001→one thousandand one

  18,423→eighteenthousand,fourhundred and twenty-three

  6,260,309→sixmillion two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine

  750,000,000,000→sevenhundred and fifty billion

  (二)序數(shù)詞

  (1)一般在基數(shù)詞后加th

  eg.four→fourth,thirteen→thirteenth

  (2)不規(guī)則變化

  one →first,two →second,three →third,five →fifth,eight →eighth,nine →ninth,twelve—twelfth

  (3)以y結(jié)尾的十位整數(shù),變y為ie再加th

  twenty →twentieth, forty →fortieth, ninety→ ninetieth

  (4)從二十一后的“幾十幾”直至“幾百幾十幾”或“幾千幾百幾十幾”只將個位的基數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞。

  twenty-first,twohundred and forty-fifth

  基數(shù)詞轉(zhuǎn)為序數(shù)詞的口訣:

  基變序,有規(guī)律,詞尾加上-th.

  一,二,三,特殊記,詞尾字母t,d,d.

  八去t,九去e, ve要用f替。

  ty將y變成i,th前面有個e.

  若是碰到幾十幾,前用基來后用序。

  六、介詞:常用介詞:in, on, at, behind等

  1.at表示時間概念的某一個點。(在某時刻、時間、階段等)。

  ??at 1:00(dawn,midnight,noon)在一點鐘(黎明、午夜、中午) ??

  2.on

  1)表示具體日期。

  注:(1)關(guān)于"在周末"的幾種表示法:

  ??at(on)the weekend?在周末---特指

  ??at(on)weekends?在周末---泛指

  ??over the weekend?在整個周末

  ??during the weekend?在周末期間

  ? (2)在圣誕節(jié),應(yīng)說at Christmas而不說on Christmas

  2)在(剛……)的時候。

  On reaching the city he called up his parents.

  一到城里他就給父母打了一個電話。

  3.in

  1)表示"時段"、"時期",在多數(shù)情況下可以和during互換,前者強調(diào)對比,后者強調(diào)持續(xù)。in(during)1988(December,the 20thcentury)在一九八八年(十二月、二十世紀(jì))

  七、動詞:動詞的四種時態(tài):

  (1)一般現(xiàn)在時:

  一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成

  1. be動詞:主語+be(am,is, are)+其它。如: I am aboy. 我是一個男孩。

  2. 行為動詞:主語+行為動詞(+其它)。如: We study English. 我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。

  當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she, it)時,要在動詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Marylikes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。

  動詞+s的變化規(guī)則

  1.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks,milk-milks

  2.以s. x.sh. ch. o結(jié)尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses,wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

  3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:study-studies

  (2)一般過去時:

  動詞過去式詳解 動詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則有:

  A、規(guī)則動詞

  ① 一般直接在動詞的后面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited

 ?、凇∫詄結(jié)尾的動詞直接加d:如 lived , danced , used

 ?、?以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞要改y為i再加ed(此類動詞較少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry –worried (注意play、stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬于此類)

 ?、?雙寫最后一個字母(此類動詞較少)如 stopped

  B、不規(guī)則動詞(此類詞并無規(guī)則,須熟記)小學(xué)階段要記住以下動詞的原形和過去式:sing – sang , eat – ate ,

  see – saw , have –had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read –read ,fly – flew , am/is – was ,

  are – were , say –said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came, lose – lost , find – found , drink –drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt

  (3)一般將來時:

  基本結(jié)構(gòu): ①be going to + do;

  ②will+ do. be going to = will

  Iam going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will goswimming tomorrow.

  (4)現(xiàn)在進行時: am,is,are+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞

  動詞現(xiàn)在分詞詳解 動詞的ing形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則:

 ?、?一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating

 ?、谝詄 結(jié)尾的動詞,要先去e再加ing ,如having ,writing

 ?、垭p寫最后一個字母的(此類動詞極少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting

  第三部分:句法

  1.陳述句

  (1)肯定句:是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子,如:I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.

  There are fourfans in our classroom. He will eatlunch at 12:00. I watched TVyesterday evening.

  (2)、否定句:含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子,如:I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor.

  He does not (doesn’t) work ina hospital. There are not(aren’t) four fans in our classroom.

  He will not (won’t)eat lunch at 12:00. I did not(didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.

  2. 疑問句

  一般疑問句:是指詢問事實的句子,此類句子必須用“yes”,或“no”來回答。

  特殊疑問句:以特殊疑問詞(what ,where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)開頭引導(dǎo)的句子。此類句子應(yīng)該問什么就答什么,不能用“yes 、no”來回答。

  3.There be句型

  There be 句型與have, has的區(qū)別

  1、There be 句型表示:在某地有某物(或人)

  2、在there be 句型中,主語是單數(shù),be動詞用is ; 主語是復(fù)數(shù),be 動詞用are ; 如有幾件物品,be 動詞根據(jù)最*近be 動詞的那個名詞決定。

  3、there be 句型的否定句在be 動詞后加not , 一般疑問句把be 動詞調(diào)到句首。

  4、there be句型與have(has)的區(qū)別:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has)表示某人擁有某物。

  5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的運用:some用于肯定句, any 用于否定句或疑問句。

  6、and 和or 在there be句型中的運用:and 用于肯定句, or 用于否定句或疑問句。

  7、針對數(shù)量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:

  How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + are there + 介詞短語?

  How much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + is there + 介詞短語?

  8、針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:

  What’s + 介詞短語?

  第三部分:情景交際

  1、同學(xué)之間互相打招呼時可以說:( ) A.Hello! B. Goodbye!

  2、向別人作自我介紹時說:( ) A. I’mSarah. B. Hello!

  3、家里來了客人,要禮貌地說:( ) A. What’syour name? B. Welcome!

  4、老師問你的名字,你回答:( ) A.What’s your name? B. My name isChen Jie.

  5、早上見到老師可以說:( ) A.Good morning! B. Good afternoon!

  6、當(dāng)你的同學(xué)把他的兄弟John介紹給你認(rèn)識時,你對John說:( )

  A. This isJohn. B. Nice to meet you.

  7、你想把你的好朋友Mike介紹給你媽媽時可以說:( ) A. This isMike. B. Hi! Mike

  8、你想邀請你的同學(xué)和你一起去上學(xué),你說:( )A. This is my school. B. Let’s go to school.

  9、問候你的朋友可以說:( ) A.How are you? B. Nice tomeet you.

  10、別人對你說:How are you?時,你回答說:( ) A. Fine, thank you. B. I’m nine.

  11、你想知道新同學(xué)的名字,可以問他:( ) A. What’syour name? B. Welcome!

  12、想跟人家道別,可以說:( ) A. Welcome! B. Goodbye.

  13、問別人的紅鉛筆在哪,應(yīng)該說:( )A. Where is your red pencil? B. Where is your black pencil?

  14、別人幫你的忙,你應(yīng)該說:( ) A. Thankyou! B. You’re welcome.

  15、別人向你道謝,你應(yīng)該說:( ) A. Thankyou! B. You’re welcome.

  16、你想告訴別人你喜歡紅色時,你說:( ) A. I likegreen. B. I like red.

  17、請別人看你時,你說:( ) A. This is me. B. Look at me.

  18、你的同學(xué)向你提議一起去上學(xué),你同意了說:( ) A. Hi! B. OK!

  19、人家問Where is your book?你指著書說:( ) A. This is my book. B. Here it is.

  20、Mike對你說“ I like white” 你也喜歡,你可以說:( )A. Me too. B. This is white.

  21、你想告訴別人你有一個黑色的書包,你說:( ) A. This is ablack bag. B. I have a black bag.

  22、你想知道對方是誰,可以問:( ) A. How are you? B. Who are you?

  23、老師在教新單詞,要求同學(xué)們認(rèn)真觀察他的口型時說:( ) A. Look at myeye. B. Look at my mouth.

  24、要邀請別人喝牛奶,可以說:( ) A.Have some milk! B. I likemilk.

  25、Mike想吃漢堡包,你拿給他時說:( ) A. Can Ihave a hamburger? B. Here youare.

  26、向媽媽表示自己想喝果汁時說:( ) A. Havesome juice, please. B. Can Ihave some juice?

  27、別人請你吃東西,你不想吃了說:( ) A. Yes, thankyou. B. No, thank you.

  28、請別人把他的玩具熊給你看時說:( ) A. Show meyour Teddy Bear. B. Where is your Teddy Bear?

  29、想看別人的東西時問:( ) A.May I have a look? B. Howold are you?

  30、中國的國旗顏色是:( ) A.Red B. Red and yellow.

  31、美國的國旗顏色是:( ) A. Redand blue. B. Red, blueand white

  32、下列單詞哪個在身體的最下部:( ) A. arm B. foot C. leg

  33、你想知道對方年齡可以問:( ) A. How are you? B. How old are you?

  34、教師節(jié)到了,你對老師說:( ) A. Happybirthday! B. Happy Teacher’s Day!

  35、你把一個蛋糕送給Mike說:( ) A. This isfor you. B. Have some cakes.

  36、你想問人家有幾本書,說:( ) A. Howmany books? B Howold are you?

  37、想告訴別人你的幸運號碼是6時,說:( )A. My lucky number is five. B. My lucky number is six.

  38、當(dāng)你打電話給別人,電話接通后,你應(yīng)對接聽電話的人說:

  ( )A. May I speak to…, please? B.Is it …. speaking?

  39、如果你想問是誰在接聽電話,應(yīng)說:( ) A. Is that…speaking? B. Are you….?

  40、如果在電話里你想告訴對方你是誰,應(yīng)說:( ) A. I’m… B. This is …. speaking.

  41、如果有人打錯電話,你應(yīng)說:( ) A. Sorry,wrong number. B. Sorry, you are wrong.

  42、如果你想詢問別人的病情,你可以說:( )

  A. How do you feelnow? B. What’s the matter with you? C.How about you?

  43、如果你想詢問別人在某段時間里通常會做什么事情,你應(yīng)說:( )

  A. What do youusually do on… B. What are youdoing on….

  C. What would youlike to do on…

  44、當(dāng)你不認(rèn)識去車站的路是,可以問:( )

  A. How can I getto the bus stop? B. Do you know theway to the bus stop?

  C. Can you tell methe way to the bus stop?

  45、假如有人問路,而你不知道,可以說:( )

  A. It’s overthere, I think. B. Go andask the policeman.

  C. Sorry, I don’tknow. You man go and ask the policeman.

  46、有人到你學(xué)校參觀,你表示歡迎,可以說:( )

  A. Welcome to ourschool. B. Welcome back toschool. C. This is our school.

  47、當(dāng)你想請別人照看一下你的朋友時,可以說:( )

  A. Come and helpme, please. B. Please look at my friend. C. Could you please look after my friend?

  48、當(dāng)你想知道橡皮放在哪兒,問:( )

  A. Where is theeraser? B. Where is the pen? C. Where is it from?

  49、當(dāng)你提醒小明不要在房間玩球時,說:( )

  A. Don’t read inbed, Xiao Ming. B.Don’t be late for school, Xiao Ming.

  C. Don’t play ballin the room, Xiao Ming.

  50、當(dāng)你想知道別人能看見幾輛汽車時,問:( )

  A. How much is thecar? B. How many cars can you see? C. I can see five cars.

  成語雙語故事:南轅北轍

  run in opposite directions

  南轅北轍

  Once a man went to the south, but his carriage was heading north.

  一次一個人想往南走,但是他的馬車卻是朝北走的。

  A passer-by asked him: “If you are going to the south, why is your carriage heading north?”

  一個過路人問他:“如果你想往南走,為什么你的馬車卻朝北走呢?”

  The man said, “My horse is good at running, my driver is highly skilled at driving a carriage, and I am rich.”

  這個人說:“我的馬很能跑,我的車夫善于趕車,我又很富有,所以不在乎?!?/p>

  The man didn‘t care the direction might be wrong; the better his conditions were, the further he was far away from his destination.

  這個人根本沒有考慮到行進的方向也許錯了;他的條件越好,反而會離目的地越遠(yuǎn)。

  This idiom came from this story tells that one’s action was the opposite effect to one‘s intention.

  這個成語比喻行動和目的正好相反。

  英文中若要表達(dá)“南轅北轍”的意思,可以用短語“run in opposite directions”,也就是“朝著相反的方向跑”,翻譯美化一下就是“南轅北轍”或者“背道而馳”的意思了。

  我們來一起看一個例句:

  They wouldn’t win at the end because they ran in opposite directions.

  因為他們早已南轅北轍了,所以根本不可能贏。


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