高考改錯(cuò)題技巧講解
短文改錯(cuò)對(duì)考生的要求高,是對(duì)語言知識(shí)綜合運(yùn)用能力的查,檢測(cè)考生發(fā)現(xiàn)、判斷、糾正文章錯(cuò)誤的能力,進(jìn)而考查學(xué)生的詞法、句法及行文邏輯等方面的水平。考生在該項(xiàng)上往往失分多,對(duì)該題感到束手無策。那么怎樣找錯(cuò)誤就成了解題的關(guān)鍵。下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編為你整理關(guān)于高考改錯(cuò)題技巧講解的內(nèi)容,希望大家喜歡!
高考改錯(cuò)題技巧講解
改錯(cuò)解題思路和檢查原則
1. 句中各部分的結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整,特別是每個(gè)句子要有動(dòng)詞;
2. 謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài);
3. 非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法;
4. 名詞的單、復(fù)數(shù),格的使用是否正確;
5. 定冠詞和不定冠詞是否正確;
6. 代詞的格和性的使用是否有誤;
7. 定語從句中關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞是否準(zhǔn)確無誤;
8. 并列句中的并列連詞、主從復(fù)合句中的從屬連詞用的是否得當(dāng)。
短文改錯(cuò)解題四原則
改動(dòng)以最少為原則;虛詞以添加或刪除為原則;實(shí)詞以改變?cè)~形為原則;以保持句子原意為原則。
短文改錯(cuò)解題步驟
通讀全文,掌握大意;整句分析,逐行推敲;反復(fù)通讀,復(fù)查驗(yàn)證。 解題注意要點(diǎn)和能力培養(yǎng)
1.核對(duì)錯(cuò)項(xiàng)時(shí),若的確有一時(shí)難以改出的地方,可以參考所改動(dòng)項(xiàng)是否基本符合“1:1:8”的比例。即多一詞1個(gè),缺詞1個(gè),錯(cuò)詞8個(gè)。
2.核對(duì)改正的語法項(xiàng)目是否有重復(fù)。短文改錯(cuò)往往覆蓋面廣,一般不會(huì)出現(xiàn)重復(fù)考查某個(gè)語法點(diǎn)的現(xiàn)象。
3.核對(duì)答題符號(hào)是否規(guī)范,位置是否準(zhǔn)確,看看有無遺漏符號(hào)、忽略字母大小寫和拼寫等問題。
短文改錯(cuò)常見錯(cuò)誤類型
1. 1.謂語動(dòng)詞的錯(cuò)誤是歷年考試的重點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn),常見動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤類型有 ①一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)錯(cuò)用;
②and前后動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不一致;
?、壑髦^不一致;
?、苋鄙賱?dòng)詞,特別是be動(dòng)詞;
?、莸谌朔Q單數(shù)形式錯(cuò)用;
⑥主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)錯(cuò)用。
They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies. (did改為do,錯(cuò)誤類型屬于①)
As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. (visiting改為visited,錯(cuò)誤類型屬于②)
One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out. (was改為were,錯(cuò)誤類型屬于③)
There will an important game next month. (will后加be,錯(cuò)誤類型屬于④)
2. 2.名詞的常見錯(cuò)誤:?jiǎn)螐?fù)數(shù)名詞錯(cuò)用,可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞錯(cuò)用。
I’ll get good marks in all my subject. (subject改為subjects)
Their word were a great encouragement to me. (word改為words)
Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well. (knowledges改為knowledge) Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well. (knowledges改為knowledge)
3. 3.冠詞錯(cuò)誤:誤用a和an(根據(jù)單詞的第一個(gè)音素來判定);誤用a/an和the(固定搭配,或泛指、特指;多冠詞或少冠詞)
We maybe one family and live under a same roof. (a改為the,the same是固定搭配) As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of pants. (mountain是可數(shù)名詞需用冠詞,所以其前加a)
I hope you have pleasant journey. (journey是可數(shù)名詞,故have后加a)
4. 4.形容詞和副詞錯(cuò)誤:系動(dòng)詞(am/is/are/was/were/become/go)和感官性動(dòng)詞(smell/feel)后用形容詞;詞性的誤用(形容詞修飾名詞;副詞修飾動(dòng)詞和形容詞)。
I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. (time是名詞,要用形容詞wonderful修飾)
My pronunciation was terribly. (was后用形容詞,terribly改為terrible)
5. 5. 代詞錯(cuò)誤:代詞的主格和賓格(I/me; he/him; she/her; we/us; they/them)錯(cuò)誤;反身代詞(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用錯(cuò)誤;代詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)使用錯(cuò)誤;代詞指代錯(cuò)誤;多代詞或少代詞。
Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. (me改為myself)
One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (to前加it)
If anyone of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out. (other后加-s)
What’s more, you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him. (him改為them)
6. 6. 非謂語動(dòng)詞的常見錯(cuò)誤:不定式、動(dòng)名詞作主語、賓語時(shí);and連接的不定式或動(dòng)名詞前后不一致;介詞后用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語;某些動(dòng)詞后要求接動(dòng)名詞或不定式。
Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper. (enjoy后需接動(dòng)名詞,talk改為talking)
But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports. (go作主語,應(yīng)改為going)
Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves. (介詞后用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語,read改為reading)
I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees. (and連接的動(dòng)名詞前后不一致,故saw改為seeing)
7. 7. 介詞錯(cuò)誤:詞組中的介詞誤用;介詞意思理解偏差;介詞的多用或少用。 There are too many people among my family. (among改為in,in my family為固定搭配)
I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. (去掉at,the moment引導(dǎo)從句)
高考英語答題技巧:?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)選擇
一、單項(xiàng)選擇題解題指導(dǎo)
通讀題干,不放過半點(diǎn)信息,尤其要注意暗示時(shí)間的詞語和句中暗示句子結(jié)構(gòu)的標(biāo)點(diǎn)。做題時(shí)首用直接法,然后用排除法和比較法。所謂直接法,就是在讀題時(shí)大腦即刻想到的并一眼能夠在選項(xiàng)中看到的答案。這種方法既準(zhǔn)確又快。所謂排除法,就是把比較明顯的認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)排除掉。然后把學(xué)過的知識(shí)與老師的講解集合起來,再用上平時(shí)做題是的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和教訓(xùn),比較余項(xiàng)間的差異,最后得出正確選項(xiàng)。
重難點(diǎn)與常考考點(diǎn)分析:
(一)動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)
1.常用的動(dòng)詞的近義辨析;
2.常用的動(dòng)詞的特殊含義;
3.常用動(dòng)詞的短語搭配;
4.動(dòng)詞的非謂語形式;
5.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本含義與完成式;
6.動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。
(二)句型考點(diǎn)
1.主從復(fù)合句(名詞性、形容詞性、副詞性從句)及連接詞。
2.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型、省略句型和倒裝句型。
(三)其他考點(diǎn)
1.情景交際;
2.一些習(xí)慣用法或固定搭配中的冠詞;
3.名詞或名詞短語辨析;
4.代詞用法;
5.形容詞和副詞用法;
6.介詞與介詞短語用法。
高考英語聽力答題技巧講解
對(duì)于高考生來說,英語聽力是比較難于把握的考試項(xiàng)目。要取得好成績(jī),平時(shí)訓(xùn)練固然重要,而考試技巧也不可忽視??悸犃τ衅洫?dú)特的方法和技巧。
聽力主要考查以下五方面的能力:聽清、聽懂對(duì)話或短文內(nèi)容的能力;理解對(duì)話或短文,分析、確認(rèn)事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)的能力;把握整體內(nèi)容,進(jìn)行概括總結(jié),理解主旨大意的能力;根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容或說話者的語氣、語調(diào),進(jìn)行推理、判斷的能力;根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容或背景信息,推測(cè)相關(guān)具體內(nèi)容的能力。
在聽力考試時(shí),要充分利用聽錄音前的時(shí)間和聽各段對(duì)話之間的停頓時(shí)間,瀏覽題目和全部選項(xiàng),預(yù)測(cè)對(duì)話或短文可能涉及的內(nèi)容。有了思想準(zhǔn)備,便可以有的放矢地聽,集中精力去捕捉相關(guān)信息。聽錄音時(shí)要抓住具體事實(shí)信息,如人物、事件、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、方式、程度、數(shù)字等要素。在聽力材料較長(zhǎng),干擾項(xiàng)較多的情況下,學(xué)會(huì)邊聽邊記錄非常重要??忌梢杂米约菏煜さ姆?hào)來速記,對(duì)于人名和地名可記下首字母或漢字。要保持良好的心態(tài),以免因急躁而影響聽后面的內(nèi)容。
在聽錄音時(shí)要注意轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步、否定和虛擬語氣的特殊句型以及時(shí)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換,以便把握說話者的真正意圖。高考聽力測(cè)試很注重考查材料的中心思想,而中心思想一般是通過主題句來表現(xiàn)的。主題句往往出現(xiàn)在文章的起始部分,偶爾也出現(xiàn)在文章中間或結(jié)尾。
不論聽什么材料,一定要將注意力集中在對(duì)整篇內(nèi)容的理解上,而不能停留在個(gè)別單詞或單句上。個(gè)別單詞聽不清時(shí)應(yīng)果斷放棄,以免影響到聽后面的內(nèi)容,因小失大。
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