雅思干貨——雅思閱讀考試句子配對(duì)題技巧
雅思閱讀考試句子配對(duì)題技巧眾多，所以只要掌握了技巧，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這種題型其實(shí)很簡(jiǎn)單，今天小編就以劍橋雅思10中的一篇文章《psychology of innovation》為例，為大家全面解析這類題型到底怎樣做才是最好的。
雅思干貨——雅思閱讀考試句子配對(duì)題技巧
請(qǐng)大家在劍橋雅思10中找到此篇文章《psychology of innovation》參考查看!
第一個(gè)題：Employees whose values match those of their employers are more likely to
首先我們可以先把題目中的定位詞畫(huà)下來(lái)，values and match,其中match是契合和一致的意思，通過(guò)這兩個(gè)定位詞，我們可以定位到文章的第二段Research shoes that the fit between an employee's values and a company's values makes a difference to what contribution they make and whether, two years after they join, they are still at the company.
這句話的意思是研究表明，員工和公司的價(jià)值觀如果契合的話，首先會(huì)對(duì)雇員做出的貢獻(xiàn)，其次對(duì)于兩年之后，員工的忠誠(chéng)度產(chǎn)生很大影響，這個(gè)不難選擇，still at the company 和選項(xiàng)G的remain in their jobs意思貼近。
第二題：At times of change, people tend to
首先通過(guò)定位詞change，我們很同意定位到原文的第四段：When things change, we are hard-wired to play it safe. 這句話的意思是當(dāng)事情發(fā)生變化的時(shí)候，我們會(huì)本能的保持安全。也就是保守的意思，通過(guò)比較分析，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)E項(xiàng)avoid risk和原文的safe意思相同。
第三題：If people are aware of what they might lose, they will often
首先通過(guò)定位詞lose我們可以定位到在文章的第四段：Managers should therefore adopt an approach that appears counter-intuitive they should explain what stands to be lost if the company fails to seize a particular opportunity.Studies show that we invariably take more gambles when threatened with a loss than when offered a reward. 這句話的意思是研究表明我們一定會(huì)采取賭博的行動(dòng)，當(dāng)被威脅會(huì)失去東西的時(shí)候。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)里面的gamble這個(gè)單詞相比其他單詞難度系數(shù)會(huì)大一些，成為了這個(gè)題出題的意義所在，和選項(xiàng)A的chances近義詞替換。
第四題：People working under a dominant boss are liable to
首先通過(guò)定位詞dominant boss定位到文章倒數(shù)第三段。Authority does not have to inhibit innovation but it often does. The tendency of team members to opt out of team responsibilities that are properly theirs. 這句話的意思是告訴大家一個(gè)貶義的方向，我們?cè)僮鼍渥优鋵?duì)題的時(shí)候，不一定要找到文章的單詞對(duì)應(yīng)題目中的考點(diǎn)詞，尤其是在考試那么短的時(shí)間內(nèi)，我們可以速度找到定位詞所在的那句話甚至是那一段，捕捉一些帶有感情色彩的單詞，所以不難選出選項(xiàng)F ignore their duties.
通過(guò)以上四個(gè)題目的分析，同學(xué)們是不是發(fā)現(xiàn)句子配對(duì)題，第一步定位非常重要，這樣可以保證自己所看所分析的句子是有意義的，不然會(huì)答非所問(wèn)，如果課下自己練習(xí)中發(fā)現(xiàn)有錯(cuò)的，不要灰心，多總結(jié)分析自己為什么做錯(cuò)了，是定位問(wèn)題還是考點(diǎn)詞沒(méi)有找到呢?
雅思閱讀題型分類練習(xí)解析：句子配對(duì)
24 One of the brain's most difficult tasks isto
答案：C respond instantly to whatever ishappening.
原文：Making a rapid emotional assessment of theevents of the moment is an extremely demanding job for the brain.
同義替換：most difficult tasks = extremely demandingjob ; respond to = Making a ….assessment ; instantly = rapid ; whatever ishappening = the events of the moment
25 Because of the language they have developed,humans
答案：A react to their own thoughts.
原文：…but humans, who have developed a much morecomplicated internal life as a result of language, respond emotionally not onlyto their surroundings, but to their own thoughts.
同義替換：react to = respond to
26 Individual responses to humour
答案：F relate to a person's subjectiveviews.
原文：Whether a joke gives pleasure or pain dependson a person’s outlook.
同義替換：Individual responses = pleasure or pain ;humour = joke ; relate to = depends on ; subjective views = outlook
27 Peter Derks believes that humour
答案：D may provide valuable informationabout the operation of the brain.
原文：If we can figure out how the mind processeshumour, then we'll have a pretty good handle on how it works in general.
同義替換：provide valuable information about = have apretty good handle on ; the operation of = how it works ; mind = brain
[C6T2P2-P47]
23 Home medical aids
答案：G allow old people to be moreindependent.
原文：The increasing self-reliance of many elderly people is probably linkedto a massive increase in the use of simple home medical aids.
同義替換：old people = elderly people ; moreindependent = increasing self-reliance
24 Regular amountsof exercise
答案：E may help prevent mental decline.
原文：Maintaining a level of daily physical activity may help mentalfunctioning
同義替換：Regular = daily ; exercise = physicalactivity ; prevent mental decline = help mental functioning
25 Feelings ofcontrol over life
答案：H can reduce stress in difficultsituations.
原文：In laboratory simulations of challenging activities such as driving,those who felt in control of their lives pumped out lower levels of stresshormones such as Cortisol.
同義替換：Feelings of control over life = felt incontrol of their lives ; reduce stress = lower levels of stress ; difficultsituations = challenging activities
26 Feelings ofloneliness
答案：C may cause rises in levels ofstress hormones.
原文：Seeman found that elderly people who felt emotionally isolatedmaintained higher levels of stress hormones even when asleep.
同義替換：Feelings of loneliness = felt emotionallyisolated ; rises = higher
[C6T2P3-P50]
27 A developed system of numbering
答案：B was necessary whenpeople began farming
原文：As they began to settle, grow plants andherd animals, the need for a sophisticated number system became paramount.
同義替換：developed = sophisticated ; necessary= paramount ; farming = grow plants and herd animals
28 An additional hand signal
答案：E was used when the rangeof number words was restricted.
原文：But in real situations the number and wordsare often accompanied by gestures to help resolve any confusion. For example,when using the one, two, many type of system, the word many would mean, Look atmy hands and see how many fingers I am showing you. This basic approach islimited in the range of numbers that it can express
同義替換：additional = are often accompanied by ;hand signal = gestures ; restricted = limited
29 In seventh-century Europe, the ability tocount to a certain number
答案：A was necessary in orderto fulfill a civic role.
原文：The average person in the seventh centuryin Europe was not as familiar with numbers as we are today. In fact, to qualifyas a witness in a court of law a man had to be able to count to nine!
同義替換：ability = be able to ; fulfill a civic role = qualify as a witness
30 Thinking about numbers as concepts separatefrom physical objects
答案：C was necessary for thedevelopment of arithmetic.
原文：When the number 4 can be registered in themind as a specific word, independent of the object being referenced, theindividual is ready to take the first step toward the development of anotational system for numbers and, from there, to arithmetic.
同義替換：separate from physical objects =independent of the object being referenced ; necessary = When……the individualis ready to…..
31 Expressing number differently according toclass of item
答案：G was a characteristic ofearly numeration systems.
原文：Traces of the very first stages in thedevelopment of numeration can be seen in several living languages today. Thenumeration system of the Tsimshian language in British Columbia contains sevendistinct sets of words for numbers according to the class of the item beingcounted
同義替換：differently = distinct
雅思閱讀材料大集合：中美第一夫人大對(duì)比
They share plenty of common ground, even beyond the stylish outfits and the proximity to power. Both grew up in modest circumstances, and both have daughters. They're nearly the same age.
據(jù)《衛(wèi)報(bào)》報(bào)道，兩位第一夫人在時(shí)髦的著裝和巨大的影響力之外，還有很多相同之處。她們都在平凡的環(huán)境中成長(zhǎng)，都有女兒，還差不多同齡。
Yet when Michelle Obama, 50, arrives in China on Thursday to meet her 51-year-old Chinese counterpart Peng Liyuan, the two will also make a fascinating study in contrasts. If Obama's narrative is one of resilience, Peng's is one of restraint.
但是，3月20日50歲的米歇爾·奧巴馬到達(dá)中國(guó)會(huì)見(jiàn)51歲的，還是讓人忍不住做一個(gè)有趣的對(duì)比研究。如果用善于應(yīng)變來(lái)形容米歇爾，的關(guān)鍵詞則應(yīng)該是克制。
Obama will arrive in Beijing with her daughters Sasha and Malia, and her mother Marian Robinson, for a week of sightseeing and speeches about people-to-people exchange. Peng will accompany her during a visit to a Beijing school, a dinner and a performance. Obama will address American and Chinese students at the prestigious Peking University and then head south for a whirlwind tour through the cities of Xi'an and Chengdu.
米歇爾將帶著兩個(gè)女兒及母親訪華，進(jìn)行一周的觀光，做些交流性的講話。將會(huì)陪同她參觀北京的一所學(xué)校，一起吃晚餐，看演出。米歇爾將在著名的北京大學(xué)為中美學(xué)子演講，然后去西安和成都參觀。
When Obama's predecessors Laura Bush and Hillary Rodham Clinton visited China during their husbands' tenures, they grilled its leadership on difficult political topics such as human rights. Obama plans to focus on education and cultural exchange, Ben Rhodes, deputy national security adviser for strategic communications, told reporters on Monday.
戰(zhàn)略溝通的國(guó)家安全顧問(wèn)代理說(shuō)，前兩任美國(guó)第一夫人勞拉·布什和希拉里·羅德海姆·克林頓訪華時(shí)，她們會(huì)提到一些政治問(wèn)題，比如人權(quán)。而米歇爾則要著重教育和文化交流。
Yet Obama's personal narrative – one of "someone [from] a disadvantaged economic background from a minority group" making it to the top – would send a powerful message on its own, Rhodes said. "That alone I think speaks to things like respect for human rights that are interwoven into the DNA of the US."
但是他還說(shuō)道，米歇爾的個(gè)人經(jīng)歷——從一個(gè)貧困的黑人女孩奮斗為美國(guó)上流社會(huì)的頂尖人物——將會(huì)傳遞強(qiáng)大的能量，本身就能說(shuō)明尊重人權(quán)根植于美國(guó)的基因里等等。
Peng scaled the heights of fame long before her husband, President Xi Jinping. She spent two decades as a nationally renowned folksinger, known for belting out patriotic tunes on elaborate television specials. She began to dodge the limelight in 2007, to give precedence to Xi's political career.
在習(xí)近平主席出名前便享有盛名。二十多年來(lái)都是中國(guó)知名的民俗歌唱家，經(jīng)常在著名電視節(jié)目上演唱。2007年以后，為了丈夫的政治生涯，她漸漸淡出人們的視線。
Last March, Peng sent shockwaves through Chinese social media when she appeared with Xi in Moscow wearing a sharp trench coat and handbag.
去年3月，在和習(xí)近平主席出訪莫斯科的公開(kāi)露面中，她優(yōu)雅的著裝和搭配立刻在中國(guó)收到社交媒體的熱捧。
One fan – a 34-year-old woman named Li who started a popular Peng Liyuan fan group online – described her hero as humble, friendly, and glamorous.
雅思閱讀材料大集合：父親年齡大孩子長(zhǎng)得丑?
研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，父親年齡大的孩子相貌也較丑，但是這些丑孩子的壽命卻會(huì)比其他人長(zhǎng)。
研究指出，45歲以上的男人生出的孩子患自閉癥和精神疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比其他孩子更高。父親年齡越大，基因突變的概率也會(huì)成倍增加。
相比之下，母親遺傳給孩子的基因最多只會(huì)發(fā)生15個(gè)突變，不管母親年齡多大。
科學(xué)家稱，22歲的父親生出的孩子比40歲的父親生出的孩子相貌水平要高出5%到10%。
Older fathers have uglier children, researchers have claimed after linking age to genetic mutations.
The finding comes weeks after leading scientists reported children born to men over the age of 45 run a higher risk of having autism and psychiatric disorders.
With age, sperm-producing cells do not copy a man's DNA as effectively, leading to genetic mutations.
Martin Fielder, an anthropologist at Vienna University, told the Sunday Times: 'Every 16 years the mutation rate doubles. Other researchers found 25 mutations per sperm in a 20-year-old, but at age 40 it is 65 mutations. By 56, it doubles again.
'The effect is very visible - someone born to a father of 22 is already 5-10 per cent more attractive than those with a 40-year-old father and the difference grows with the age gap.'
In contrast, women pass on a maximum of 15 mutations to their baby, regardless of age, according to the study published in the journal Nature.
Surveying a group of six men and six women, researchers showed them each 4,018 photographs of 18-20-year-old men and 4,416 of women the same age, and asked to rate their attractiveness.
Those with older fathers were consistently rated less attractive.
However, the offspring of older men, though less attractive, are likely to outlive their peers with younger fathers, it is claimed.
Professor Lee Smith, a geneticist at Edinburgh University, told the Sunday Times other research found such children have longer telomeres - the caps on the end of chromosomes - which are associated with longer life.
But the mounting research connecting parents' age with autism is cause for concern, experts warn.
Autism is an umbrella term for a range of developmental disorders that have a lifelong effect on someone’s ability to interact socially and communicate.
In the UK, around one in 100 adults is thought to be affected by autism, mostly men, caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
Researchers said men should be advised about the potential problems in order to help their personal decision-making when it came to having fathering children at older ages.
They warned that advancing paternal age posed a risk of ‘numerous public health and societal problems’.
Among well-known older dads are Simon Cowell, 54, whose son was born earlier this month, and comedian Frank Skinner whose first child was born in 2012 when he was 55.
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雅思干貨——雅思閱讀考試句子配對(duì)題技巧
