托福寫作開(kāi)頭段怎么寫?
俗話說(shuō)萬(wàn)事開(kāi)頭難，作文也是一樣的。下面小編就來(lái)和大家分享一下怎么寫好托福作文的開(kāi)頭段。
如何寫好托福寫作的開(kāi)頭段
1. 采用統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字引出話題，把問(wèn)題呈現(xiàn)在讀者面前;
2. 提出有爭(zhēng)議性的問(wèn)題，激發(fā)讀者興趣，使其積極參與討論;
3. 以新穎的觀點(diǎn)，吸引讀者注意力;
4. 呈現(xiàn)該話題正反方的觀點(diǎn);
5. 引用名人名言、諺語(yǔ)等作為文章的開(kāi)頭;
6. 對(duì)將要討論的話題進(jìn)行定義。
其次，要善于運(yùn)用復(fù)合句，從而使引言段簡(jiǎn)潔明了，開(kāi)宗明義。下面我們將探討新托福各種題材和體裁文章引言段的寫作方法。 引用數(shù)據(jù)呈現(xiàn)討論的話題，說(shuō)明問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)重性或者重要性，引起讀者的關(guān)注。下面我們結(jié)合幾道新托福作文話題進(jìn)行實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練。
我們?cè)趯戧P(guān)于體罰的話題文章時(shí)，可以這樣開(kāi)頭：It is reported that a boy in Zhuhai was beaten to death by his father on Father' Day. Ample evidence also shows that children who are frequently abused by their parents or teachers tend to be introverted， pessimistic， indifferent and even world-weary. Recently， there has arisen a fierce argument on whether corporal punishment should be abolished. Teachers， parents and experts take diverse attitudes towards this issue.(據(jù)報(bào)道，在父親節(jié)那天，珠海有個(gè)小男孩被老爸揍死了。充分的證據(jù)也顯示，經(jīng)常遭父母或老師虐待的小孩往往比較內(nèi)向、悲觀、冷漠甚至厭世。近 來(lái)，關(guān)于是否應(yīng)該廢除體罰出現(xiàn)了一場(chǎng)激烈的爭(zhēng)論，老師、家長(zhǎng)和專家各執(zhí)一詞。)
而我們?cè)趯戧P(guān)于該不該禁煙的話題時(shí)，可以這樣開(kāi)頭：A recent study conducted by Zhongshan University has found that the number of smokers has been increasing sharply over the past five years. Research findings also reveal that the incidence of smoking-related conditions has soared. As a result， the ban on smoking has been in the spotlight. (中山大學(xué)最近做的一個(gè)研究表明，在過(guò)去五年里，吸煙者人數(shù)急劇上升。研究結(jié)果同時(shí)顯示，吸煙導(dǎo)致的疾病發(fā)病率也急劇增長(zhǎng)。因此，禁煙成了個(gè)熱點(diǎn)話題。)
不管我們使用哪種開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山的方式，采用統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字也好，呈現(xiàn)正反方觀點(diǎn)也好，都需要對(duì)托福寫作進(jìn)行大量的練習(xí)。
托福寫作的開(kāi)頭如何寫才精彩
Well begun is half done是大家耳熟能詳?shù)挠⒄Z(yǔ)諺語(yǔ)。也就是說(shuō)，一個(gè)漂亮的開(kāi)頭，往往是文章寫作成功的一半。尤其在雅思和新托福寫作考試中，好的開(kāi)頭往往能夠在瞬間吸引考官眼球，留下良好的第一印象。那么，我們?cè)鯓硬拍軐懫恋耐懈懽鏖_(kāi)頭引言段呢?首先，我們要做到開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山，明確寫作話題和目的。如何才能做到開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山?我們可以采用以下幾種方式：
1. 采用統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字引出話題，把問(wèn)題呈現(xiàn)在讀者面前;
2. 提出有爭(zhēng)議性的問(wèn)題，激發(fā)讀者興趣，使其積極參與討論;
3. 以新穎的觀點(diǎn)，吸引讀者注意力;
4. 呈現(xiàn)該話題正反方的觀點(diǎn);
5. 引用名人名言、諺語(yǔ)等作為文章的開(kāi)頭;
6. 對(duì)將要討論的話題進(jìn)行定義。
其次，要善于運(yùn)用復(fù)合句，從而使引言段簡(jiǎn)潔明了，開(kāi)宗明義。下面我們將探討雅思與新托福各種題材和體裁文章引言段的寫作方法。 引用數(shù)據(jù)呈現(xiàn)討論的話題，說(shuō)明問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)重性或者重要性，引起讀者的關(guān)注。下面我們結(jié)合幾道雅思和新托福寫作作文話題進(jìn)行實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練。
我們?cè)趯戧P(guān)于體罰的話題文章時(shí)，可以這樣開(kāi)頭：It is reported that a boy in Zhuhai was beaten to death by his father on Father' Day. Ample evidence also shows that children who are frequently abused by their parents or teachers tend to be introverted, pessimistic, indifferent and even world-weary. Recently, there has arisen a fierce argument on whether corporal punishment should be abolished. Teachers, parents and experts take diverse attitudes towards this issue.(據(jù)報(bào)道，在父親節(jié)那天，珠海有個(gè)小男孩被老爸揍死了。充分的證據(jù)也顯示，經(jīng)常遭父母或老師虐待的小孩往往比較內(nèi)向、悲觀、冷漠甚至厭世。近來(lái)，關(guān)于是否應(yīng)該廢除體罰出現(xiàn)了一場(chǎng)激烈的爭(zhēng)論，老師、家長(zhǎng)和專家各執(zhí)一詞。)
而我們?cè)趯戧P(guān)于該不該禁煙的話題時(shí)，可以這樣開(kāi)頭：A recent study conducted by Zhongshan University has found that the number of smokers has been increasing sharply over the past five years. Research findings also reveal that the incidence of smoking-related conditions has soared. As a result, the ban on smoking has been in the spotlight. (中山大學(xué)最近做的一個(gè)研究表明，在過(guò)去五年里，吸煙者人數(shù)急劇上升。研究結(jié)果同時(shí)顯示，吸煙導(dǎo)致的疾病發(fā)病率也急劇增長(zhǎng)。因此，禁煙成了個(gè)熱點(diǎn)話題。)
托福寫作開(kāi)頭的11種范例
托福作文句子的開(kāi)頭可以采用以下的任何一種方式：
1. 用副詞開(kāi)頭，常見(jiàn)的情形有：
(1) 副詞修飾全句
Luckily, he didn’t know my phone number; otherwise, he would bother me.
Incredibly, Helena got straight A in her school report this semester.
Interestingly, cats and dogs can hardly get along well in a house.
修飾全句常用的副詞有：
obviously undoubtedly
apparently fortunately
clearly unfortunately
incredibly luckily
unluckily surprisingly
frighteningly
這些副詞大多數(shù)表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)全句的看法，在意思上相等與 “It is ... 形容詞that ...” 。 e.g:
Obviously, he is nervous about the test. =It is obvious that he is nervous about the test.
Unfortunately, he tripped over and fell in the mud. =It is unfortunate that he tripped over and fell in the mud.
(2) 強(qiáng)調(diào)副詞
Hurriedly, the man drew me a scratch map to show me the direction.
Dangerously, the drunkard sped down the street.
Slowly and gently, snowflakes were drifting down from the sky.
(3) 副詞表示某一地域或某一領(lǐng)域
Geographically, Canada is the biggest country in the world.
Financially, she is independent, but emotionally she is dependent.
2. 用插入語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭，表示說(shuō)話人的態(tài)度，或使句子的意思更加準(zhǔn)確：
Strangely enough, Jennifer does not enjoy sunshine and beach.
Generally speaking, winter in Vancouver is gloomy.
類似的插入語(yǔ)有：
no wonder no doubt
in other words in my opinion
in conclusion in fact
as a matter of fact
3. 用形容詞、并列形容詞或形容詞短語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭，修飾句子的主語(yǔ)，表示主語(yǔ)的特征或狀態(tài)：
Frantic, the young mother rushed out the door with the baby in her arms.
Tasty and crisp, potato chip are a favorite snack for both children and adults.
Happy at his good marks at school, the little boy skipped on his way home.
Desperate and hopeless, the poor man committed suicide.
4. 用分詞、分詞短語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭：
(a) 修飾句子主語(yǔ)，表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)或主語(yǔ)同時(shí)進(jìn)行的另一個(gè)較謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞次要的動(dòng)作：
Scared, the girl moved timidly and cautiously into the dark room.( 狀態(tài))
Chased by my dear pet cat, the mouse dashed into a small hole.( 狀態(tài) )
Spoiled by his parents, the naughty boy always insists on things he wants.( 狀態(tài))
Puffing and hugging, he finished his run.( 另一動(dòng)作)
Looking at herself in the mirror, she fingered her silk scarf on her shoulder.( 另一動(dòng)作)
(b) 修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，表示原因、時(shí)間等
Lying down on the couch, he felt much relaxed.( 時(shí)間)
Feeling bored, she turned on the TV and switched from channel to channel.( 原因)
Wanting to find out the business hour, she called the store.( 原因)
Having completed the form, he mailed it out immediately.( 時(shí)間)
5. 用介詞短語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭，表示句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、原因、條件等：
On seeing him approach, the girl immediately turned her face to a shop window
pretending to look at something there.( 時(shí)間)
Around the corner, a crowd gathered.( 地點(diǎn))
Unlike his father, Peter touches neither cigarettes nor alcohol.( 方式)
Due to the limit of seats, he was not accepted.( 原因)
In case of fire, use the stairways.( 條件)
6. 動(dòng)詞不定式開(kāi)頭，強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作的目的：
To celebrate the arrival of the Millennium, we held a grand party in the hotel.
To show my trust on him, I deposited $ 10,000 into his bank account.
7. 用獨(dú)立分詞短語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭，使句子有正式的味道：
Birds singing in the tree, another routine day starts.
Sea gulls flying over the water, the old fisherman flung his fishing meat into the open sea.
A dog following them, the police searched every suspect.
8. 用過(guò)渡句開(kāi)頭，表示此句與上下句的關(guān)系：
Consequently, I slowed down to avoid a fine ticket.
In fact, she was a kindhearted woman.
9. 用同位語(yǔ)開(kāi)頭，表示主句位于動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、方式、條件等：
A signing officer of the bank, Jane signs her name hundreds of times each day at work.
A TV addict, Jim watches TV movies one after another every evening until after midnight.
10. 用副詞從句開(kāi)頭，表示主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、方式、條件等：
When you are in need of help, give me a call.
Wherever you go, I follow.
Since your children love hamburgers and fries, we might as well eat in MacDonald.
As if it were summer, everybody wear shorts and a T-shirt.
In case that you get lost, call me at this number.
11. 用名詞從句開(kāi)頭，作整句的主語(yǔ)：
Whether you take the position or not makes great difference to me.
Why I am unhappy is something I can’t explain.
What they should do about the hole in the roof is their most pressing problem.
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