高三英語課程總單元的知識點歸納
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高三英語課程總單元的知識點歸納1
表語從句
表語從句在復合句中作表語的名詞性從句，放在系動詞之后，一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語+連系動詞+表語從句”?？梢越颖碚Z從句的連系動詞有be， look， remain， seem等。引導表語從句的that?？墒÷?。另外，常用的還有the reason is that… 和It is because 等結(jié)構(gòu)。
例如：
1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.
2) This is why we can’t get the support of the people
3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.
4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.
四.同位語從句
同位語從句就是在復合句中作名詞的同位語的名詞性從句。
1. 同位語從句的功能。
同位語從句對于名詞進一步解釋，說明名詞的具體內(nèi)容，一般由that引導。
例如：
1) The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.
2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.
2. 同位語在句子中的位置。
同位語從句有時可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后面，而是被別的詞隔開。
例如：
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.
3. 同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別。
(1) 定語從句中的that既代替先行詞，同時以在從句中作某個成分(主語或賓語)，而同位語從句中的that是連詞，只起連接主句與從句的作用，不充當句中任何成分。
(2) 定語從句是形容詞性的，其功能是修飾先行詞，對先行詞加以限定，描述定的性質(zhì)或特征;同位語從句是名詞性的，其功能是對名詞進行補充說明。例如：
1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.(他告訴我的消息是湯姆明年將出國。)(第一個that引導的從句是定語從句，that在從句中作賓語)
2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.(湯姆將出國的消息是他講的。)(同位語從句，that在句中不作任何成分) 。
高三英語課程總單元的知識點歸納2
be / get / become used to 習慣于
be given to 喜歡;癖好
be related to 與…有關(guān)系
be addicted to 沉溺于;對…上癮
be opposed to 反對
devote oneself to獻身于;專心于
be devoted to 致力于;忠誠于
be admitted to 被…錄取;準進入
be reduced to 淪為
reduce…to…使…淪為
be attached to附屬于;喜歡;依戀
be adjusted to 適應
be known to 為…所知
be married to 和…結(jié)婚
be sentenced to被判處
be connected to 和…連在一起
be exposed to 暴露于;遭受
be compared to 被比喻成
compare… to…把…比作…
be engaged to 與…訂婚
be / become / get accustomed to // accustomed to 慣于;有…習慣
be engaged to 與…訂婚
get down to 著手做
lead to 導致
object to反對;不喜歡;不贊成
put one’s mind to全神貫注于
give rise to 引起
look forward to 盼望
stick to 堅持
pay attention to 注意
attend to 專心;注意;照料
see to 負責;注意
contribute to對…作貢獻;有助于
make contributions to對…作貢獻
apply oneself to 致力于
come close to幾乎;將近
reply to 回答
add to 增加
add up to 加起來
in addition to除…之外
turn to轉(zhuǎn)向;求助于
feel up to 能勝任于
look up to 尊敬
admit to承認
belong to 屬于
take to 喜愛;開始
cling to 附著
fall to 開始
respond to 回答;對…作出回應
accustom oneself to 使自己習慣于
amount to等于
prefer… to…更喜歡
set an example to 給…樹立榜樣
refer to 談到;參考;查閱
agree to sth. 同意某事(比較：agree to do sth. 同意做某事)
prefer… to…更喜歡
take / make a trip to到…地方去
join…to…把…和 …連接起來
turn a blind eye to對…視而不見
turn a deaf ear to 對…充耳不聞
show honor to向…表示敬意
put an end to(bring… to an end) 結(jié)束
set fire to 放火燒……
drink (a toast) to 為……干杯
propose a toast to 提議……
happen to… 發(fā)生了……事
occur to sb. 想起;想到
total up to 總計達
be close to 幾乎;將近
hold to 堅持;抓住
help oneself to 隨便用……
hold on to 抓住;固守
do harm to 對……有害處
do wrong to 冤枉某人
date back to 追溯到
when it comes to… 談到……時
come to 來到;達到;結(jié)果為 (比較：come to do sth逐漸做某事)
give an eye to著眼于
have an eye to doing 打算
the key to ……的答案
describe to 向……描述
treat sb. to sth. 請某人吃……
trust sth. to sb.把某物委托給某人
pay a visit to 參觀……
access to 進入;取得的方法
be a stranger to 不習慣;對……陌生
on one’s way to 在去某處的路上;在達成某事的過程中
be kind to 對……和善
be important to 對……重要
be senior to 年齡長于……
be equal to 和……相等
be particular to ……所特有的(比較：be particular about 對……過于講究;挑剔)
be subject to 服從;隸屬;易遭\受\患
be familiar to 為 ……熟悉
be similar to 和……相似
be open to 對……開放
be loyal to 對……忠誠
be helpful to對……有益處
be useful to對……有用
be good to sb對某人好(比較：be good for 對……有益處)
be bad to 對……不好
be bad for(比較：對……有害處)
be new to 對……不習慣;對……陌生
as to 關(guān)于;至于
next to(否定詞前)幾乎;
be due to do sth.預定要做某事
next to ……的旁邊
due to 由于;歸因于……
thanks to 多虧了;由于
owing to 由于;因……的緣故
in / with regard to 關(guān)于
in /with relation to 關(guān)于;就……而論
subject to 在……條件下;依照
be given to 沉溺于
be related to 與…相關(guān)
get down to著手做
lead to 著手做
object to / be opposed to 反對
put one’s mind to全神貫注于
be equal to 勝任
devote oneself to獻身于
give rise to 引起
look forward to 盼望
pay attention to 注意
lead to通向 see to 負責
access to 接近(某地的)方法
be addicted to 沉溺于… 對…上癮
according to 根據(jù)
contribute to 為…作貢獻
如：
1. access to 接近,進入(某地的)方法; 通路
The only access to that building is along that muddy track.
到那棟建筑的通路是沿著那條泥濘的路走。
2. according to 按照,依照,視……而定
The work was done according to his instructions.
那工作是依照他的指示做的。
3. be addicted to 沉溺于……,對……上癮
He became addicted to the drug.
他上了毒癮。
4. belong to 屬于
This dictionary belongs to me.
這本詞典是我的。
5. contribute to 為……做貢獻,為……撰稿
Everyone should contribute what he or she can afford to society.
人人都應該盡自己的能力為社會做貢獻。
6. devote to 獻身，致力于……
He has devoted his life to helping disabled people.
他一生獻身于幫助殘疾人。
7. due to 因為,由于……而起
His lateness was due to the very heavy traffic on the motorway.
他遲到是因高速公路上車輛過多所致。
8. be equal to 與……相當,有能力勝任……的
Bill is quite equal to running the office.
比爾的能力足以管理這個部門。
9. get close to 靠近,接近
Today many people like to go out to get close to nature.
如今許多人喜歡到戶外去接近大自然。
10. get down to 開始做某事,認真處理某事
It’s time I got down to some serious work.
我該認真干點正事了。
11. hold to 忠于……,堅持,遵循
Whatever your argument, I shall hold to my decision.
不管你怎樣爭辯,我將堅持我的決定。
12. help oneself to 自取,自用(食物,飲料等)
Help yourself to a cigarette.
請隨便用香煙吧。
13. look forward to 盼望,期待
We are so much looking forward to seeing you again.
我們非常盼望再見到你。
14. lead to 導致
This misprint led to great confusion.
這個印刷錯誤造成很大的混淆。
15. prefer…to…兩者間更喜歡……
I prefer walking to cycling.
我愿意步行,不愿意騎自行車。
16. pay attention to 注意
Pay attention to what the teacher is talking about!
注意老師說的話!
17. refer to 提到,涉及到,關(guān)系到,參考,查閱
What I have to say refers to all of you.
我要說的事和你們大家都有關(guān)。
18. relate to 與……有關(guān),涉及……
Wealth is seldom related to happiness.
財富鮮于幸福有關(guān)。
19. see to 照看或處理某事物
Will you see to the arrangements for the next committee meeting?
你來處理下次委員會會議安排,好嗎?
20.stick to 堅持,不改變或不放棄
We don’t want to hear your opinions; stick to the facts!
我們不想聽你的想法,只講事實!
21.turn to 轉(zhuǎn)向,求助于,轉(zhuǎn)而做
The more depressed he got, the more he turned to drink.
他情緒越低落越是借酒澆愁。
22.used to 習慣于……,適應……
She is quite used to working hard.
她很習慣做艱苦的工作。
高三英語課程總單元的知識點歸納3
under age 未成年，未達到規(guī)定年齡
He was rejected by the army because he was under age. 他因尚未成年而被拒絕參軍。
You shouldn’t sell cigarettes to teenagers who are under age. 你不應該把香煙賣給沒未成年的青少年。
under arrest 被捕
You are under arrest in the name of the law. 你被依法逮捕了。
He was soon put [placed] under arrest. 他不久就被逮捕了。
under attack遭受攻擊
The company has come under fierce attack for its decision to close the factory. 因為決定要關(guān)閉工廠，公司受到猛烈攻擊。
under consideration 在考慮中;在研究中
The question is now under consideration. 這個問題正在考慮中。
The plan is under consideration by the Ministry of Education. 教育部正在研究這個方案。
under construction 在建造中
The new railway is under construction. 新鐵路正在修建當中。
The bridge is under construction. 這座橋正在建造中。
There are two new hotels near here under construction. 附近正在興建兩家新的旅館。
under control 在控制中
They soon got the fire under control. 他們很快把火勢控制住。
It took the teacher months to bring his class under control. 這個老師花了幾個月的時間才管住了他的班級。
under copyright 享有版權(quán)
The poem is still under copyright, so you have to pay to quote it. 該詩仍然享有版權(quán)，因此你必須支付引用費。
under cover 在隱蔽處;秘密地;在信封或郵包中
Plans for the attack were made under cover. 進攻計劃是秘密制定的。
The check came under cover in yesterday’s mail. 支票是裝在信封里和昨天的信一道寄來的。
under discussion 在討論中;在審議中
That has no relation to the matter under discussion. 那與正在討論的事無關(guān)。
That’s another topic that will come under discussion. 那是另一個要討論的問題。
under examination 在檢查中;在審查中
The prisoner was still under examination. 囚犯仍受審。
The proposals are still under examination. 提案仍在審查中。
under fire 在炮火中;被攻擊中
We were under fire from all sides. 我們遭到了來自四面八方的射擊。
The headmaster was under fire for not sending the boys home who stole the car. 校長由于沒有開除那幾個偷汽車的學生，受到責難。
under guarantee 在保修期內(nèi)
It’s still under guarantee, so the manufacturer will repair it. 保證書還有效，所以廠家會給修理的。
The car is still under guarantee, so you should be able to get it repaired free of charge. 汽車還在保修期內(nèi)，所以你應該可以免費修理。
under oath 在法庭上宣過誓要說實話
The judge reminded the witness that he was still under oath. 那法官提醒證人他已宣誓不作偽證。
under obligation 有義務;一定要
The one who did the damage in under obligation to pay for it. 造成損失的人有義務賠償。
【注】在現(xiàn)代英語中通常用under an [no] obligation的形式：
You’re under no obligation to pay for goods which you did not order. 沒有訂購的貨物就無須付款。
She’s under an obligation to him because he lent her money. 因為他把錢錯給她了，所以她有償還他的義務。