初中英語動詞時態(tài)歸納總結(jié)
動詞時態(tài)是英語學習中一個至關重要的內(nèi)容，廣大初中學生在實際運用時，往往對時態(tài)總是倍感棘手，為此，以下是學習啦小編分享給大家的初中英語動詞時態(tài)歸納，希望可以幫到你!
初中英語動詞時態(tài)歸納
一般現(xiàn)在時的用法
1) 經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻腮度的時間狀語連用。時間狀語： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如：
I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七點離開家。
2) 客觀真理，客觀存在，科學事實。例如：
The earth moves around the sun. 地球繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)動。
Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中國東部。
3) 表示格言或警句。例如：
Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必敗。
注意：此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時，從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。
例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥倫布證實了地球是圓的。
4) 現(xiàn)在時刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個性。例如：
I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。
Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英語寫得不錯，講的可不行。
比較：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。
I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功課。
第一句用一般現(xiàn)在時，用于操作演示或指導說明的示范性動作，表示言行的瞬間動作。
第二句中的now是進行時的標志，表示正在進行的動作的客觀狀況，所以后句用一般現(xiàn)在時。
一般過去時的用法
1)在確定的過去時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。例如：時間狀語有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如：
Where did you go just now? 剛才你上哪兒去了?
2)表示在過去一段時間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作。例如：
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
我是個孩子的時候，常在馬路上踢足球。
Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
那時，布朗一家無論什么時候去，都受到熱烈歡迎。
3)句型：It is time for sb. to do sth "到……時間了" "該……了"。
例如：It is time for you to go to bed. 你該睡覺了。
It is time that sb. did sth. "時間已遲了" "早該……了" ，
例如It is time you went to bed. 你早該睡覺了。
would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'寧愿某人做某事'。
例如：I'd rather you came tomorrow.還是明天來吧。
4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用過去時，作試探性的詢問、請求、建議等，而一般過去時表示的動作或狀態(tài)都已成為過去，現(xiàn)已不復存在。
例如：I thought you might have some. 我以為你想要一些。
比較：Christine was an invalid all her life.(含義：她已不在人間。)
Christine has been an invalid all her life.(含義：她現(xiàn)在還活著)
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含義：達比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含義：現(xiàn)在還住在肯塔基州，有可能指剛離去)
注意： 用過去時表示現(xiàn)在，表示委婉語氣。
1)動詞want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如：
Did you want anything else? 您還要些什么嗎?
I wondered if you could help me. 能不能幫我一下。
2)情態(tài)動詞 could, would。例如：
Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行車，能借用一些嗎?
初中英語動詞固定搭配總結(jié)
1. …as soon as… 一… 就…
Mary一見到她弟弟就會告訴他這個消息。
Mary will tell her brother this message as soon as he sees him.
我們一到那兒就去爬山了。
We went climbing as soon as we arrived / got / reached there.
2. as + adj./adv.+ as… …和…一樣(的 / 地)…
not as(so)…as… …不如 / 不比 … ….
李雷和吉母跑得一樣快。
Li Lei runs as fast as Jim.
約翰和你的年齡不一樣大。
John is not as (so) old as you.
這部電視劇不如那部有趣。(TV series)
This TV series is not as (so) interesting as that one.
3. as +adj./adv.+ as possible 盡可能 … 的 / 地 …
我們在英語課上應該盡可能地多講英語。
We should speak English as much as possible in English class.
你能不能盡可能慢一些讀這個句子?
Can you read the sentence as slowly as possible?
4. ask sb for sth 向某人要求某物
當你迷路時，你可以向警察需求幫助。
When you get lost, you can ask the police for help.
一些學生經(jīng)常向父母要錢去玩電子游戲。(video games)
Some students often ask their parents for money to play video games.
他向父母要一輛自行車作為生日禮物。
He asked his parents for a bicycle as his birthday present.
5. ask/ tell sb. (how) to do sth 詢問 / 告訴 某人如何做某事
許多學生經(jīng)常問老師如何才能學好英語。
Many students often ask their teachers how to learn English well.
讓我來告訴你如何發(fā)郵件。
Let me tell you how to send an e-mail.
6. ask / tell /want sb (not) to do sth. 要求(讓)/ 告訴 / 想要 某人 做(不做)某事
護士告訴我服用此藥需一日三次，飯后服用。
The nurse told me to take this medicine three times a day after meals.
老師經(jīng)常告訴我要更加努力地學習。
The teacher often tells me to study harder.
他讓我不要再犯同樣的錯誤。
He asked me not to make the same mistake again.
7. make/ let /have sb. (not) do sth 使 / 讓 某人做(不做)某事
他使得孩子哭得很厲害。
He made the child cry loudly.
昨天他使我在影院門口等了很長時間。
He made me wait for long (for a long time) at the gate of the cinema yesterday.
直到我們做完了作業(yè),媽媽才讓我們?nèi)ネ媲颉?/p>
Mother didn’t let us play football until we finished our homework.
那個老板迫使工人們每天工作10小時。
That boss made the workers work (for) ten hours a day.
8. be afraid of doing / to do/that 害怕 / 不敢 做某事
這個小女孩不敢晚上出去。
The little girl is afraid to go out in the evening / at night.
他害怕獨自呆在家里。
He is afraid of staying at home alone.
許多人擔心他們會失去工作。(be afraid that)
Many people are afraid that they will lose their jobs.
9. be busy with sth. / doing sth. 忙于某事 / 做某事
現(xiàn)在學生們忙于準備考試。
Now students are busy preparing for the exams.
昨天下午媽媽都在忙著做家務。(兩種)
Mother was busy with housework yesterday afternoon.
Mother was busy doing housework yesterday afternoon.
10. be famous / late /ready / sorry for sth.
因…而著名 / (做)…遲到了 / 晚了 / 為…準備 / 為… 而抱歉
如果你不快點，你就會上班遲到。
If you don’t hurry, you will be late for work.
杭州以絲綢而出名。
Hangzhou is famous for silk.
我們已經(jīng)準備好迎接奧運會了。
We have been ready for the Olympic Games.
我為我的錯誤而抱歉。
I am sorry for my mistake.
11. be glad that 很高興…
我很高興你能來參加晚會。
I am very glad that you can come to the evening party.
老師很高興我們班得了第一名。
The teacher was very glad that our class was the first / won the first prize.
12. give/ show/ bring/ lend/ send/ pass/ tell / offer sth to sb
buy/give/ show/ send/ pass/ bring/ lend/ tell sb. sth
給某人某物;給某人看某物;給某人帶來某物;借給某人某物;送給某人某物;遞給某人某物;把某事告訴給某人;主動給某人某物
請遞給我一張紙。
Please pass me a piece of paper.
=Please pass a piece of paper to me.
請把你的畫給我看看。
Please show me your picture.
=Please show your picture to me
他借給我一輛自行車。
He lent me a bike.
=He lent a bike to me.
別忘了下次來給我?guī)c兒錢。
Don’t forget to bring me some money when you come here next time.
= Don’t forget to bring some money to me when you come here next time.
13. either…or… 或… 或…, 不是… 就是…, 要么…要么…
不是你，就是他是對的。
Either you or he is right. V. 就近原則
每個周末，我們要么去公園，要么呆在家里。
We either go to a park or stay at home every weekend. (at/on weekends.)
要了解世界，人們既可以讀報紙，也可以看電視。
People can either read newspapers or watch TV to get to know the world.
14. neither…nor… 既不… 也不…, 兩者都不…
我和他都沒有讀過這本書。
Neither he nor I have ever read this book. V. 就近原則
這個女孩已經(jīng)十歲了，但她既不會讀書，也不會寫字。
The girl is already ten, but she can neither read nor write.
15. enjoy/ finish/mind/ keep/ practise/go on doing sth.
享受做…之樂;做完某事;介意做某事;一直做某事;練習做某事;繼續(xù)做…
我們應該經(jīng)常練習講英語。
We should often practice speaking English.
我奶奶一直堅持早晨鍛煉身體已經(jīng)有十年了。
My grandma has kept doing exercise in the morning for ten years.
16. find /think / feel + it + adj. (for sb.)to do sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)/ 認為/覺得 做某事 如何
越來越多的人發(fā)現(xiàn)吃太多漢堡包不利于健康。
More and more people have found it unhealthy to eat too many hamburgers.
很多大學生發(fā)現(xiàn)在大學中交友很難。
A lot of students have found it very hard to make friends at college.
17. get + adj. 的比較級 + and + adj. 的比較級 變得越來越…
地球變得越來越暖和了。
It gets warmer and warmer on the earth.
春天到了，天氣變得越來越熱了。
Spring is coming and it’s getting warmer and warmer.
北京變得越來越美麗了。
Beijing is becoming more and more beautiful.
18. The + adj./adv.的比較級， the + adj./adv.的比較級。 越..., 就越…。
天氣越冷,人們穿得就越多。
The colder it is, the more people wear.
我們種的樹越多,空氣就會越干凈。
The more trees we plant, the cleaner the air will be.
英語，我們練習得越多，說得就越好。
The more we practice speaking English, the better we can speak.
你越強健，患感冒的機會就越少。
The stronger you are, the less chance you will catch a cold.
19. It is + 序數(shù)詞+ adj./adv.的最高級 + n.
黃河是中國第二長的河流。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
他是我們班跑得第二快的。
He runs the second fastest in our class.
20. one of the + 最高級 + n. (pl.) 是最…之一者
姚明是世界上最好的籃球運動員之一。
Yao Ming is one of the best basketball players in the world.
三亞是中國最美麗的城市之一。
Sanya is one of the most beautiful cities in China.
初中英語八種時態(tài)匯總
1、一般現(xiàn)在時：
概念：經(jīng)常、反復發(fā)生的動作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。
時間狀語：
always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.
基本結(jié)構：①be動詞;②行為動詞
否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此時態(tài)的謂語動詞若為行為動詞，則在其前加don't,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn't，同時還原行為動詞。
一般疑問句：①把be動詞放于句首;②用助動詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時，還原行為動詞。
2、一般過去時：
概念：過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài);過去習慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為。
時間狀語：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
基本結(jié)構：①be動詞;②行為動詞
否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行為動詞前加didn't，同時還原行為動詞。
一般疑問句：①was或were放于句首;②用助動詞do的過去式did 提問，同時還原行為動詞。
3、現(xiàn)在進行時：
概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時正在進行的動作及行為。
時間狀語：now, at this time, these days, etc.
基本結(jié)構：am/is/are+doing
否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.
一般疑問句：把be動詞放于句首。
4、過去進行時：
概念：表示過去某段時間或某一時刻正在發(fā)生或進行的行為或動作。
時間狀語：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導的謂語動詞是一般過去時的時間狀語等。
基本結(jié)構：was/were+doing
否定形式：was/were + not + doing.
一般疑問句：把was或were放于句首。
5、現(xiàn)在完成時：
概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。
時間狀語：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.
基本結(jié)構：have/has + done
否定形式：have/has + not +d one.
一般疑問句：have或has。
6、過去完成時：
概念：以過去某個時間為標準，在此以前發(fā)生的動作或行為，或在過去某動作之前完成的行為，即“過去的過去”。
時間狀語：before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.
基本結(jié)構：had + done.
否定形式：had + not + done.
一般疑問句：had放于句首。
7、一般將來時：
概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準備做某事。
時間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
基本結(jié)構：①am/is/are/going to + do;②will/shall + do.
否定形式：①was/were + not; ②在行為動詞前加didn't，同時還原行為動詞。
一般疑問句：①be放于句首;②will/shall提到句首。
8、過去將來時：
概念：立足于過去某一時刻，從過去看將來，常用于賓語從句中。
時間狀語：the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
基本結(jié)構：①was/were/going to + do;②would/should + do.
否定形式：①was/were/not + going to + do;②would/should + not + do.
一般疑問句：①was或were放于句首;②would/should 提到句首。
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初中英語動詞時態(tài)歸納總結(jié)
