2019年4月27日雅思閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)預(yù)測(cè)
雅思閱讀考試前，大家可以參考一些機(jī)經(jīng)資料，但是我們不能依賴機(jī)經(jīng)資料，認(rèn)為看下機(jī)經(jīng)資料就可以拿到高分了。接下來小編為大家?guī)淼?019年4月27日雅思閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)預(yù)測(cè)內(nèi)容，希望能為大家提供一些參考。
2019年4月27日雅思閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)預(yù)測(cè)1
文章題目The history of Russian Ballet
重復(fù)年份20160114 20150418 20121124
題材發(fā)展史
題型判斷 6+填空 7
文章大意芭蕾舞發(fā)源于意大利，從 17 世紀(jì)后傳入俄國(guó)后一直欣欣向榮。出了很多優(yōu) 秀的藝術(shù)家和作品，外國(guó)舞派也對(duì)俄國(guó)芭蕾舞發(fā)展有著影響。后期以戲劇味 發(fā)展主流，一直講到本世紀(jì) 70 年代的發(fā)展。
參考閱讀：
Until 1689, ballet in Russia was nonexistent. The Tsarist control and isolationism in Russia allowed for little influence from the West. It wasn't until the rise of Peter the Great that Russian society opened up to the West. St. Petersburg was erected to embrace the West and compete against Moscow’s isolationism. Peter the Great created a new Russia which rivaled the society of the West with magnificent courts and palaces. His vision was to challenge the west. Classical ballet entered the realm of Russia not as entertainment, but as a “standard of physical comportment to be emulated and internalized-an idealized way of behaving. The aim was not to entertain the masses of Russians, but to create a cultivated and new Russian people.
Empress Anna, (1730 – 1740) was devoted to ostentatious amusements (balls, fireworks, tableaux), and in the summer of 1734 ordered the appointment of Jean-Baptiste Landé as dancing-master in the military academy she had founded in 1731 for sons of the nobility. In 1738, he became ballet master and head of the new ballet school, launching the advanced study of ballet in Russia, and winning the patronage of elite families.
France provided many leaders such as Charles Didelot in St Petersburg (1801-1831), Jules Perrot(1848-1859) and Arthur Saint-Léon (1859-69).
In the early 19th century, the theaters were opened up to anyone who could afford a ticket. A seating section called a rayok, or 'paradise gallery', consisted of simple wooden benches. This allowed non-wealthy people access to the ballet, because tickets in this section were inexpensive.
One author describes the Imperial ballet as “unlike that of any other country in the world…the most prestigious of the ballet troupes were those attached to the state-supported theatres. The directors of these companies were personally appointed by the tsar, and all the dancers were, in a sense, Imperial servants. In the theatre, the men in the audience always remained standing until the tsar entered his box and, out of respect, after the performance they remained in their places until he had departed. Curtain calls were arranged according to a strict pattern: first, the ballerina bowed to the tsar’s box, then to that of the theater director, and finally to the general public.
2019年4月27日雅思閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)預(yù)測(cè)2
文章題目Aquaculture in New Zealand
重復(fù)年份20160114 20151031 20121124 20110212
題材農(nóng)業(yè)
題型小標(biāo)題 7+人名理論配對(duì) 3+句子填空 3
文章大意新西蘭水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖，介紹了新西蘭一種新型保護(hù)海底動(dòng)物多樣性兼顧商業(yè)運(yùn)作 的方式一 aquaculture , 其發(fā)展遇到的問題及前景。
部分參考答案：
小標(biāo)題
14. vi (一個(gè)受益的村莊)
15. vii (company’s profit)
16. 選含 limitation 的那項(xiàng)
17. 選含 concerns to environment 的那項(xiàng)
18. 選含 alternative explanation 的那項(xiàng)
19. 選含 research 的那項(xiàng)
20. 選含 science and business 的那項(xiàng)
填空題
24. polyculture/aquaculture
25. commercial partner
26. market value/high price
2019年4月27日雅思閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)預(yù)測(cè)3
文章題目We have star performers
重復(fù)年份20160114 20121124
題材商業(yè)管理
題型段落細(xì)節(jié)配對(duì) 4+判斷 4+填空 5
文章大意人才與天賦，討論人才和選人標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之間的論證。講公司考核員工主要的依據(jù)， talents, 文章批判了傳統(tǒng)的觀點(diǎn)(才能是與生俱來的，是不變的，是需要公 司去發(fā)現(xiàn)的)。文章先用一段肯定了有才能的人的存在，然后分段講到，才 能是隨時(shí)間變化的，是不能被精確度量的，是可以憑努力換來的。
參考答案：
段落細(xì)節(jié)配對(duì)：
28 One example from non-commerce/business settings that better system wins bigger stars F
29 One failed company that believes stars rather than system B
30 One suggestion that author made to acquire employees then to win the competition nowadays G
31 One metaphor to human medical anatomy that illustrates the problems of hiring stars. C
判斷：
32 McKinsey who wrote The War for Talent had not expected the huge influence made by this book. NG
33 Economic condition becomes one of the factors which decide whether or not a country would prefer to hire foreign employees. YES
34 The collapse of Enron is caused totally by a unfortunate incident instead of company’s management mistake. NO
35 Football clubs that focus making stars in YES
填空：
An investigation carried out on 1000 36 analysts of a survey by Harvard Business Review found a company hire a 37 star has negative effects. For instance, they behave considerably worse in a new team than in the 38 working environment that they used to be. They move faster than wall street and increase their 39 salary. Secondly, they faced rejections or refuse from those 40 rivals within the team. Lastly, the one who made mistakes had been punished by selling his/her stock share.
精讀到底怎樣操作最有效
首先怎么界定你的閱讀是否夠“精“呢?一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)就是，你學(xué)得越累，學(xué)習(xí)的效果就越好。很扎心吧，但是這個(gè)衡量方式很有道理。
你學(xué)得累，證明你調(diào)動(dòng)的認(rèn)知資源更多，花費(fèi)的精力更多，專注度更高，因此學(xué)習(xí)效果自然更好。比如一篇文章，浮光掠影的大致泛讀與逐句翻譯相比，當(dāng)然是翻譯在時(shí)間精力上的花費(fèi)更大。
泛讀的時(shí)候很多寶寶感覺已經(jīng)讀懂了文章大致，但是在逐句分析、精讀、甚至背誦的時(shí)候，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)詞匯的用法，句子成分的分析，甚至是上下文背景的交代等細(xì)節(jié)，你還存在大量無法全面理解的知識(shí)點(diǎn)。這也體現(xiàn)出了精讀的重要性。
下面講精讀方法。
精讀的方向主要有兩個(gè)，第一個(gè)是reading for learning，也就是說通過精讀而讓你的英語(yǔ)變得更好，這也是大多數(shù)寶寶在學(xué)英語(yǔ)中經(jīng)歷的環(huán)節(jié)。第二個(gè)方向是learning for reading, 也就是學(xué)習(xí)如何進(jìn)行閱讀，更多的是學(xué)習(xí)一些閱讀方式以及技巧。這兩種最常見的閱讀方向分別如何進(jìn)行精讀呢?
1 reading for learning
先說大家最熟悉的環(huán)節(jié)。雅思閱讀的精讀步驟是什么?首先，嚴(yán)格按照考試要求和時(shí)間把題目做完。也就是說，你可以20分鐘做完一篇文章的題目，也可以用1小時(shí)把三篇題目一氣呵成。做完之后當(dāng)然要對(duì)一對(duì)答案，把錯(cuò)誤標(biāo)注出來。
第二步，開始對(duì)文本進(jìn)行研讀。研讀過程中完成兩件事：第一，整理文章出現(xiàn)的核心詞匯與話題詞匯(尤其是你經(jīng)常見到但是還不認(rèn)識(shí)的);第二，對(duì)照中文翻譯文本進(jìn)行逐句研讀。方法是：先看一遍英文，腦子里過一下這句英文該怎么翻譯;然后去看正確的中文翻譯，檢視一下你的翻譯與正確翻譯有多大出處;最后再看一遍英文原句，理順一下句子成分。當(dāng)你完成整篇文章的逐句研讀后，你對(duì)文章的細(xì)節(jié)理解應(yīng)該已經(jīng)非常透徹了。當(dāng)然如果你還有余力，你可以分析一下句間關(guān)系和段間關(guān)系，句子之間與段落之間的銜接方法。
第三步，分析題目。當(dāng)你完整把握了全文細(xì)節(jié)以及結(jié)構(gòu)之后，在仔細(xì)研究每道題的出處考點(diǎn)以及設(shè)問方式。當(dāng)然你也可以借助很多雅思參考書中的提干解析。
第四步，也是最重要的一個(gè)步驟，英譯漢逐句翻譯。在文章中挑選3-5段你認(rèn)為理解困難度最高的段落進(jìn)行“落筆逐句翻譯”。不管你是寫在紙上還是打在word里，這個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)都一定不能省略。你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使你已經(jīng)對(duì)著翻譯文本逐句進(jìn)行精讀了，你在逐詞落筆翻譯中依然會(huì)對(duì)這句話的用詞、句式、成分以及整個(gè)段落構(gòu)成有新的認(rèn)識(shí)。
第五步，不是必須要求，但是卻能夠快速拔升你的閱讀乃至整個(gè)英語(yǔ)能力：背誦段落。選取你落筆翻譯過的難段進(jìn)行背誦，注意背誦的目的不是為了把他們用在寫作或者口語(yǔ)考試?yán)?，否則難度太大，也會(huì)顯得很突兀。背誦過程最重要培養(yǎng)的是你的英語(yǔ)思維能力。
以上就是reading for learning精讀方式的5大步驟，總結(jié)起來就是做題目對(duì)答案——對(duì)照譯文逐句精讀——分析題目與答案——選段落筆翻譯——選段背誦。
2 learning for reading
learning for reading方向的精讀方法，更加針對(duì)于閱讀能力的集中提升，而非整個(gè)的語(yǔ)言能力。方法很簡(jiǎn)單。首先拿到一篇文章，先看它的題目，然后來個(gè)prediction，自己分析行文中可能會(huì)包括哪些內(nèi)容。
舉個(gè)栗子，一篇名為Jonsson’s dictionary 的文章，你盡量全面的猜測(cè)文章中會(huì)涉及到哪些內(nèi)容。比如對(duì)Jonsson這個(gè)人的介紹，背景、學(xué)歷、身份等，對(duì)dictionary的介紹，比如什么時(shí)候出版的，有什么特點(diǎn)，作者是誰(shuí)，等等。
羅列出你的預(yù)測(cè)內(nèi)容點(diǎn)之后再閱讀文章，同時(shí)判斷你的預(yù)測(cè)哪些在文中提到了，哪些是not given。所有你預(yù)測(cè)成功的內(nèi)容，試著做一下段落matching，也就是說這些預(yù)測(cè)內(nèi)容分別出現(xiàn)在文中的哪幾段。最后有余力的寶寶們可以試試自己做一個(gè)summary，進(jìn)行一下句子的改寫。怎么改寫?直接看學(xué)姐發(fā)給大家的雅思同義替換詞學(xué)學(xué)套路。
大家發(fā)現(xiàn)了嗎，這一系列的流程結(jié)束后，雅思閱讀中的高頻題型能力你都得到了提升。這也就是所謂的learning for reading。
精讀也許很耗時(shí)，但是效果卻很顯著。學(xué)姐強(qiáng)烈建議備考的寶寶用心試一個(gè)月，你會(huì)看到很明顯的閱讀能力的提升。還等什么，動(dòng)起來!
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2019年4月27日雅思閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)預(yù)測(cè)
