英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法謂語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法解析
英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法謂語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法解析
你知道英語(yǔ)中的謂語(yǔ)是什么嗎?它在句子中充當(dāng)什么成分?下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編給大家整理的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法謂語(yǔ)解析,供大家參閱!
英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法謂語(yǔ)解析
謂語(yǔ)(predicate verb)是對(duì)主語(yǔ)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的陳述或說(shuō)明,指出“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么樣”。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的位置一般在主語(yǔ)之后。
謂語(yǔ)由動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成,依據(jù)其在句中繁簡(jiǎn)程度可把謂語(yǔ)分為簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)和復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)兩類(lèi)。不論何種時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣,凡由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞(或動(dòng)詞詞組)構(gòu)成的謂語(yǔ)都是簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)。
謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般由動(dòng)詞的各種時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)體現(xiàn)。例如:
I like walking. (一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
I made your birthday cake last night. (一般過(guò)去時(shí)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
It is used by travellers and business people all over the world. (一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)也可分為兩種情況:
第一種是由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,助動(dòng)詞+不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式構(gòu)成的復(fù)合謂語(yǔ):
What does this word mean?
I won't do it again.
You'd better catch a bus.
第二種是由連系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)構(gòu)成的復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)。例如:
The weather gets warmer, and the days get longer.
Keep quiet and listen to me.
He looked worried.
英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法謂語(yǔ)解析:并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)
Reading and writing are very important.
注意: 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)由and連結(jié)時(shí),如果它表示一個(gè)單一的概念,即指同一人或同一物時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),and 此時(shí)連接的兩個(gè)詞前只有一個(gè)冠詞。
The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.
典型例題
The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
答案B. 注: 先從時(shí)態(tài)上考慮。這是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí),先排除A.,C.。本題易誤選D,因?yàn)門(mén)he League secretary and monitor 好象是兩個(gè)人,但仔細(xì)辨別, monitor 前沒(méi)有the,在英語(yǔ)中,當(dāng)一人兼數(shù)職時(shí)只在第一個(gè)職務(wù)前加定冠詞。后面的職務(wù)用and 相連。這樣本題主語(yǔ)為一個(gè)人,所以應(yīng)選B。
英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法謂語(yǔ)解析:謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前面的主語(yǔ)一致
當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等詞引起的短語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前面的主語(yǔ)一致。
The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.
He as well as I wants to go boating.
英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法謂語(yǔ)解析:謂語(yǔ)需用單數(shù)
1) 代詞each和由every, some, no, any等構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞作主語(yǔ),或主語(yǔ)中含有each, every, 謂語(yǔ)需用單數(shù)。
Each of us has a tape-recorder.
There is something wrong with my watch.
2) 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是一本書(shū)或一條格言時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)。
The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.
<<天方夜譚>>是英語(yǔ)愛(ài)好者熟悉的一本好書(shū)。
3) 表示金錢(qián),時(shí)間,價(jià)格或度量衡的復(fù)合名詞作主語(yǔ) 時(shí),通常把這些名詞看作一個(gè)整體,謂語(yǔ)一般用單數(shù)。(用復(fù)數(shù)也可,意思不變。)
Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.
Ten yuan is enough.
英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法謂語(yǔ)解析:指代意義決定謂語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)
1) 在代詞what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由其指代的詞的單復(fù)數(shù)決定。
All is right. (一切順利。)
All are present. (所有人都到齊了。)
2) 集體名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)要根據(jù)主語(yǔ)的意思來(lái)決定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等詞后用復(fù)數(shù)形式時(shí),意為這個(gè)集體中的各個(gè)成員,用單數(shù)時(shí)表示該個(gè)集體。
His family isn't very large. 他家不是一個(gè)大家庭。
His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音樂(lè)愛(ài)好者。
但集合名詞people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情況下都用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
Are there any police around?
3)有些名詞,如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有時(shí)看作單數(shù),有時(shí)看作復(fù)數(shù)。
A number of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)+復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。
The number of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)+單數(shù)動(dòng)詞。
A number of books have lent out.
The majority of the students like English.
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