從句that與which的區(qū)別
從句that與which的區(qū)別
that與which的用法區(qū)別。兩者都可指物，?？苫Q。但還是有區(qū)別。下面就跟著學(xué)習(xí)啦小編一起來看看吧。
that與which的用法區(qū)別
1. 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，通常要用which：
The current, which is very rapid, makes the river dangerous. 水流湍急，使這條河很危險(xiǎn)。
He has to work on Sundays, which he doesn’t like. 他得在星期天工作，他是不喜歡這樣的。
The London team, which played so well last season, has done badly this season. 倫敦隊(duì)上一個(gè)季度打得很好，這個(gè)季度卻打得很差。
2. 直接放在介詞后作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常要用which：
She may be late, in which case we ought to wait for her. 她可能晚到，那樣我們就要等等她。
The documents for which they were searching have been recovered. 他們找尋的文件已找到了。
This morning some port wine came, for which I have to thank you. 今天早上送來一些波爾圖葡萄酒，為此我得向你道謝。
注：有時(shí)“介詞+which”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換成“介詞+which+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)：
He had only the long nights in which he could . =He had only the long nights in which to . 他只有漫漫長(zhǎng)夜可用來。
He had a couple of revolvers with which he could defend himself.= He had a couple of revolvers with which to defend himself. 他只有一兩把手槍用來自衛(wèi)。
3. 當(dāng)先行詞是下列不定代詞或被它們修飾時(shí)much, little, none, all, few, every(thing), any(thing), no(thing) 等時(shí)，通常用that： All that she lacked was training. 她缺的只是訓(xùn)練。
Have you everything that you need? 你需要的東西都有了嗎?
The sleeping man’s subconscious mind retained everything that was said around him. 這位酣睡的人頭腦的下意識(shí)能記住他周圍的人說的話。 She would never do anything that was not approved of by her parents. 她父母不贊同的事她絕不會(huì)做。
4. 當(dāng)先行詞有the very, the only, the same 等修飾時(shí)，通常用that： This is the only example that I know. 我知道的例子只有這一個(gè)。 Those are the very words that he used. 那是他的原話。
5. 當(dāng)先行詞有形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞(包括last, next等)等修飾時(shí)，通常用that：
This is the best dictionary that I’ve ever used. 這是我用過的最好的詞典。
The first thing that you should do is to work out a plan. 你應(yīng)該做的第一件事是訂個(gè)計(jì)劃。
6. 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中用作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常用that：
China is not the country (that) it was. 中國(guó)已不是過去的中國(guó)了。
7. 當(dāng)先行詞是一個(gè)既指人又指物的并列詞組時(shí)，通常用that：
They talked about the persons and things that most impressed them. 他們談?wù)摿耸顾麄冇∠笞钌畹娜撕褪隆?/p>
8. 當(dāng)要避免重復(fù)時(shí)：
Which is the course that we are to take? 我們選哪門課程?
當(dāng)先行詞指物時(shí)只能用 that 而不能用 which 的幾種常見情況
1 先行詞為 all, anything, everything, nothing, much, none, little 等不定代詞時(shí)。
如 There is nothing that can stop him from doing it 2 先行詞前有 last, next, only，very 及序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)等修飾時(shí)。如This is the most interesting film that was shown last week這是上周所放映的 影片中最有趣的一部。
The only thing that they can do is to wait他們唯一能做的事就是等待。 3 先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)等修飾時(shí)。
如This is the second computer that father has just bought
這是爸爸剛剛買的第 二臺(tái)電腦。
This is the very pen (that) you bought yesterday
這正是你昨天買的筆。
4當(dāng)先行詞既有人，又有物時(shí)。
如Sally is talking about the writer and his book that interests her 薩麗在談 論這位作家及能使 她感興趣的這位作家的書。
5 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是 who 的疑問句。
如Who is the boy that is playing computer games?
在玩電腦游戲的男孩是誰?
當(dāng)先行詞指物時(shí)，只能用 which 而不能用 that 的場(chǎng)合
1關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)。
如This is the house in which Tom once lived這是湯姆曾經(jīng)住過的房子。
2 在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句(即通常用逗號(hào)與主句隔開，如果去掉逗號(hào)， 整個(gè)句子仍能表達(dá) 完整的意義的定語(yǔ)從句)中。
如 They are talking about the TV play, which they saw last night 他們正在談?wù)?昨晚看的電視劇。
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