高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法歸納總結(jié)

時(shí)間：2024-03-26 04:43:51 維維20由分享

高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法主要有、名詞性從句、It用法及其句型、省略現(xiàn)象、主謂一致、動(dòng)詞不定式、倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)、定語(yǔ)從句、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、祈使句、感嘆句、疑問(wèn)句、名詞等。下面給大家分享一些關(guān)于高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法歸納總結(jié)，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。

高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法歸納：表語(yǔ)從句

1.定義：用作表語(yǔ)的從句叫做表語(yǔ)從句。

2.構(gòu)成：關(guān)聯(lián)詞+簡(jiǎn)單句

3.引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞的種類：(1)從屬連詞that。如：The trouble is that I have lost his address.麻煩是我把他的地址丟了。(2)從屬連詞whether,as,as if。如：He looked just as he had looked ten years before.他看起來(lái)還與十年前一樣。The question is whether they will be able to help us.問(wèn)題是他們是否能幫我們。

注：從屬連詞if一般不用來(lái)引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，但as if卻可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，如：All this was over twenty years ago,but it's as if it was only yesterday.這都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一樣。能跟表語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般為系動(dòng)詞be,seem,look等。如：It looked as if it was going to rain.看起來(lái)天要下雨了。(3)連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever 連接副詞 where,when,how,why。如：The problem is who we can get to replace her.問(wèn)題是我們能找到誰(shuí)去替換她呢。The question is how he did it.問(wèn)題是他是如何做此事的。That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.那就是她今晨上了閣樓干的。

解釋：1.連詞because可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。如：I think it is because you are doing too much.我想這是因?yàn)槟阕龅锰唷?.在一些表示“建議、勸說(shuō)、命令”的名詞后面的表語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。should+動(dòng)詞原形表示，should可省略。如：My suggestion is that we (should)start early tomorrow.我的建議是我們明天一早就出發(fā)。

高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法歸納：主語(yǔ)從句

1.定義：用作主語(yǔ)的從句叫做主語(yǔ)從句。

2.構(gòu)成：關(guān)聯(lián)詞+簡(jiǎn)單句

3.引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有三類：(1)從屬連詞that。如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them.很明顯，她們確是親姐妹，她們的臉型很相似。(2)從屬連詞whether。如：Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.他是否會(huì)來(lái)這里還不清楚。(3)連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever 連接副詞 where,when,how,why。如：What she did is not yet known.她干了什么尚不清楚。How this happened is not clear to anyone.這事怎樣發(fā)生的，誰(shuí)也不清楚。Whoever comes is welcome.不論誰(shuí)來(lái)都?xì)g迎。Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home.你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。

高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法歸納：賓語(yǔ)從句

1.定義：用作賓語(yǔ)的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句。

2.構(gòu)成：關(guān)聯(lián)詞+簡(jiǎn)單句

3.引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有三類：

(1)從屬連詞that。如：He told us that he felt ill.他對(duì)我們說(shuō)他感到不舒服。I know he has returned.我知道他已經(jīng)回來(lái)了。注：that在引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)也并不是任何情況下都可以省略。在以下情況下，that不能省略。

1.Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.(and連接兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，that賓語(yǔ)從句放在and的后面時(shí)，that不能省略。)大家都會(huì)看出所發(fā)生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。

2.I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.(that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，that不能省略。)對(duì)他我一無(wú)所知，只知道他是南方人。

3.That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.(that從句位于句首時(shí)，that不可省略。)我簡(jiǎn)直不相信他曾說(shuō)過(guò)這樣的話。

4.We decided,in view of his special circumstances,that we would admit him for a probationary period.(主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與that從句之間有插入語(yǔ)，that不可省略。)鑒于他的特殊情況，我們決定應(yīng)允他一段試用期。

(1)介詞賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句也可用作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。如：He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.他對(duì)那天發(fā)生的事感到很不快。I walked over to where she sat.我走向她坐的地方。I am curious as to what he will say.我很想知道他要說(shuō)什么。Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it.你是否成功將主要取決于你做什么和怎樣做。有時(shí)介詞可以省略。如：I don’t care (for)who marries him.我不管誰(shuí)跟他結(jié)婚。Be careful (as to)how you do that.你要注意做這件事的方式。

(2)從屬連詞if/whether。如：I doubt whether he will succeed.我懷疑他是否會(huì)成功。I don’t know if you can help me.我不知道你能否幫助我。

(3)連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever 連接副詞 where,when,how,why。如：Who or what he was,Martin never learned.他是什么人?他是干什么的?馬丁根本不知道。I wonder what he’s writing to me about.我不知道他要給我寫信說(shuō)什么事。I’ll tell you why I asked you to come.我會(huì)告訴你我為什么要你來(lái)。You may do what you will.你可做任何你想做的事。

高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法歸納：同位語(yǔ)從句

1.定義：用作同位語(yǔ)的從句叫做同位語(yǔ)從句。

2.用法：同位語(yǔ)從句的先行詞多為fact,news,idea,thought,question,reply,report,remark等，關(guān)聯(lián)詞多用從屬連詞that。如：They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.對(duì)你生病這件事，他們都很焦慮。Where did you get the idea that I could not come? 你在哪兒聽(tīng)說(shuō)我不能來(lái)? Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.德國(guó)已對(duì)俄國(guó)宣戰(zhàn)的消息一大早就傳來(lái)了。

注：同位語(yǔ)從句偶爾由從屬連詞whether引導(dǎo)。如：I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否來(lái)。連接代詞who,which,what和連接副詞where,when,why,how亦可引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。The question who should do the work requires consideration.誰(shuí)該干這項(xiàng)工作，這個(gè)問(wèn)題需要考慮。We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪兒去度暑假，這個(gè)問(wèn)題我們還沒(méi)有決定。It is a question how he did it.那是一個(gè)他如何做了此事的問(wèn)題。

高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法歸納：不定式的構(gòu)成

1.不定式的構(gòu)成不定式是由不定式符號(hào)to+動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成，在某些情況下to也可省略。不定式一般有時(shí)式和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化，通常有下表中的幾種形式(以do為例)：主動(dòng)式被動(dòng)式一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done 進(jìn)行式 to be doing/完成進(jìn)行式to have been doing/

1)不定式的一般式不定式的一般式所表示的動(dòng)作通常與主要謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，或是在它之后發(fā)生。如：They invited us to go there this summer.他們邀請(qǐng)我們今年夏天去那兒。He stood aside for me to pass.他站到一邊讓我通過(guò)。

2)不定式的完成式不定式的完成式所表示的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作之后發(fā)生，它在句中可作表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，有時(shí)也可作主語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等。如：She seemed to have heard about this matter.她似乎已聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這件事。I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long.我很抱歉讓你等了這么久。I meant to have told you about it,but I happened to have an important thing to do.我本來(lái)想告訴你這件事的，但我碰巧有一件重要的事要做。It has been an honor for me to have traveled so much in your country.對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，在你們國(guó)家旅行這么多地方是一件很榮幸的事情。

3)不定式的進(jìn)行式不定式的進(jìn)行式表示正在進(jìn)行的與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。它在句中可以用作除謂語(yǔ)以外的所有成分。如：It’s nice of you to be helping us these days.你真好，這些天一直幫我們。He pretended to be listening to the teacher carefully.他假裝在認(rèn)真地聽(tīng)老師講課。We didn’t expect you to be waiting for us here.我們沒(méi)料到你一直在這兒等我們。

4)不定式的完成進(jìn)行式如果不定式表示的動(dòng)作是謂語(yǔ)所表示

5)動(dòng)詞不定式的否定形式是由not或never加不定式構(gòu)成。如：Try not to be late again next time.盡量下次不要再遲到。He wished us never to meet her again.他希望我們永遠(yuǎn)不要再見(jiàn)到她。

6)疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞不定式：不定式和疑問(wèn)詞whether,what,which,whom,where,when,how,why等連用可以在句中起名詞的作用，通常跟在tell,know,show,decide,learn,wonder,explain,advise,teach,discuss,find out等動(dòng)詞后面作賓語(yǔ)，有時(shí)也可以充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等。如：On hearing the news,he didn't know whether to laugh or to cry.聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息，他不知道該哭還是該笑。When to hold the meeting has not decided.什么時(shí)候開(kāi)會(huì)還沒(méi)有決定。The most important problem is how to get so much money.最重要的事情是如何搞到這么多錢。介詞后一般不直接接不定式，但可以接疑問(wèn)詞+不定式短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)。如：Mary gave some advice on how to learn English.瑪麗提了一些如何學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的建議。I have no idea of how to do it.我不知道該怎么做。