高三英語重要知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)2022
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高三英語重要知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)
【一般過去時(shí)】
1. 表示過去某一時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。
[例句] She went to the zoo yesterday.
2. 在時(shí)間、條件狀語從句中代替過去將來時(shí)。
[例句] He said when she came he would tell her.
【一般將來時(shí)】
1. 表示將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài), 常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用。
[例句] I don’t know what will happen in the future.
2. 常用來表示將來時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)包括：
(1) shall / will + 動(dòng)詞原形：(單純) 表將來, 一般不用于條件句。
(2) be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形：(計(jì)劃)打算做……。
(3) be about to + 動(dòng)詞原形：即將或正要去做某事,通常不與時(shí)間狀語連用,但可與when引導(dǎo)的從句連用。
(4) be to + 動(dòng)詞原形：預(yù)定要做……。
(5) be doing 表示按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,常與go, start, set out, leave, reach, arrive, return, come, move等表位移的動(dòng)詞連用。
【現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)】
1. 表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。
[例句] —Have you had your supper yet? —Yes, I have just had it.
2. 常與介詞for, during, in, within, over等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語連用, 表示過去的某一行為一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。
[例句] I haven’t seen my English teacher for a long time.
3. 表示反復(fù)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作, 常與several times, once, twice, frequently等頻度副詞連用。
[例句] I have been to the USA several times.
4. 表示從過去到現(xiàn)在沒有發(fā)生過的動(dòng)作。
[例句] I haven’t swept the floor for a week.
5. 用在時(shí)間、條件狀語從句中, 表示從句動(dòng)作先于主句動(dòng)作完成。
[例句] I’ll tell him after you have left.
6. 在“級(jí)+ 名詞”或在“這是第幾次…”之后跟定語從句，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
[例句] ①This is the third time I have been there.
②This is the best tea I have ever drunk.
【過去完成時(shí)】
1. 表示在過去某一時(shí)刻以前已經(jīng)開始并一直延續(xù)到這一時(shí)刻、或是在此刻前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。
[例句] By the end of last term, we had learned 1,000 English words.
2. 有些動(dòng)詞 (如： hope, think, expect, mean, intend, suppose, want等) 的過去完成時(shí)可表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望、打算或意圖。
[例句] I had hoped to see more of Beijing.
高三英語重要知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納
各種時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)
被動(dòng)語態(tài)概述
被動(dòng)語態(tài)的概念：它是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，表示主語與謂語之間的執(zhí)行或被執(zhí)行關(guān)系。主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動(dòng)作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river.
被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成
被動(dòng)語態(tài)的形式是由“助動(dòng)詞be+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。助動(dòng)詞be隨著主語的人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)等的不同而變化。幾種常見時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式如下：
1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) am/is/are + 過去分詞
例如：Rice is planted in the south of China.
2. 一般過去時(shí) was/were + 過去分詞
例如：These trees were planted the year before last.
3. 一般將來時(shí) will/shall + be + 過去分詞
例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.
4. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) am/is/are + being + 過去分詞
例如：Your radio is being repaired now.
5. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí) was/were + being + 過去分詞
When he got there, the problem was being discussed.
6. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) have/has + been + 過去分詞
His work has been finished.
Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t.
7. 過去完成時(shí) had + been + 過去分詞
高三英語常考知識(shí)點(diǎn)
1.devotes…to doing奉于
2.fight against對(duì)抗，反對(duì)，與……作斗爭
3.selflessly無私地
4.be free from免于，不受
5.be in prison入獄，在獄中服刑
6.the first man to do第一個(gè)…的人
7.The time when I first met him was a very difficult period of my life.
第一次見到他的時(shí)候是在我一生中非常艱難的時(shí)期。
8.He was generous with his time,for which I was grateful.
他十分慷慨地給予我時(shí)間，我為此非常感激。
9.become out of work.失業(yè)
10.hope that…/to do
11.as soon as I could盡快，馬上
12.We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important,or fight the government.
我們被置于這樣一個(gè)境地：要么我們接受低人一等的現(xiàn)實(shí)，要么跟政府作斗爭。
13.Only 位于句首，修飾狀語從句時(shí)，主句采用部分倒裝的語序。
Only in this way can you come up with a solution to the problem.
只有這樣，你才能想出解決這個(gè)問題的辦法。
14.as a matter of fact事實(shí)上
15.blow up爆炸,打氣
16.be equal to和…平等
17.in trouble處于困境 遇到麻煩
18.be willing to do sth.愿意，樂于
19.turn to變成;求助于，借助于,翻到，轉(zhuǎn)向
turn to sb forhelp 向某人求助
20.lose heart灰心;泄氣,喪失勇氣,失去信心
21.escape from逃脫，逃離，從……逃出
22.should have done本應(yīng)做而未做
needn’t have done本不需要做而做了
can’t have done過去不可能做過(對(duì)過去的否定推測(cè))
must have done對(duì)過去的肯定推測(cè)
23.pass the exam.通過考試
24.be better educated受到良好教育
25.come to power執(zhí)政
26.be proud to do sth.be proud of sth為…而自豪
27.set up創(chuàng)立，建立，架起，建造
The company was set up ten years ago.公司是十年前建立的。
28.be sentenced to…被判處……
29.Do you have any thoughts on that你認(rèn)為那怎么樣?
30.to my understanding按我的理解to my opinion
31.be accepted by…被……錄取、接受
32.die from死于…(事故等外部原因)die of死于…(疾病等自身原因)
33.under way正在進(jìn)行
34.point of view觀點(diǎn)
35.compete with…與……競(jìng)爭
36.advise v.
advise+n./pron.advise+ doing advise sb.to do sth.
advise+that從句(從句的謂語用“should+v原”，should常省略)
注：與advise用法類似的動(dòng)詞如forbid,allow,permit,admit,consider等直接接動(dòng)詞作賓語時(shí)要用動(dòng)名詞，但接賓補(bǔ)時(shí)后跟不定式。
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