高中英語(yǔ)選修七知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)
如果說(shuō)阻止他人獲取知識(shí)就是扼殺知識(shí)，那么對(duì)扼殺知識(shí)習(xí)以為常，就會(huì)導(dǎo)致對(duì)殺害人習(xí)以為?！?yàn)榇_切而言，人就是知識(shí);還會(huì)導(dǎo)致對(duì)人的缺失習(xí)以為常。下面小編給大家分享一些高中英語(yǔ)選修七知識(shí)點(diǎn)，希望能夠幫助大家，歡迎閱讀!
高中英語(yǔ)選修七知識(shí)點(diǎn)1
Unit1：
1. disability n.無(wú)能;殘疾disabled adj.傷殘的able adj.能干的;能夠的
2. ambition n.野心，雄心ambitious adj.有雄心的，野心勃勃的
3.beneficial adj.有益的benefit v.&n.受益;利益，好處
4. independent adj.獨(dú)立的independence n.獨(dú)立depend v.依靠，依賴(lài)
5.encouragement n.鼓勵(lì)encourage v.鼓勵(lì)courage n.勇氣，精神
單詞：
1.ambition (n.) 雄心
2.beneficial (adj.) 有益的
3.adapt (v.) 使適應(yīng);改編
4.conduct (n.) 行為 (v.) 指揮
5.resign (v.) 辭職
6.companion (n..) 同伴
7.access n. (接近的)方法;通路;可接近性
8.suitable adj.適合的, 適當(dāng)?shù)?
9.annoy vt. 使生氣，使煩惱; 招惹; 妨礙
10.adequate adj.適當(dāng)?shù)? 足夠的
重點(diǎn)詞組in other words 換句話(huà)說(shuō) cut out 切掉,刪掉 out of breath 上氣不接下氣
sit around 閑坐著 make fun of 取笑 all the best一切順利
as well as 也, 又; 和……一樣好
重點(diǎn)詞匯
1. ambition (n.) 雄心
ambitious adj. 志向遠(yuǎn)大的; 有雄心壯志的;有野心的
2. beneficial (adj.) 有益的
benefit v. &n.有助于;受益;利益，好處
be beneficial to sth./sb.對(duì)……有益
be of benefit to對(duì)……有益
for the benefit of為了……(的利益)
benefit from從……中受益
3. adapt (v.) 使適應(yīng);改編
adapt (oneself) to sth.適應(yīng)某物
adapt…to…使……適應(yīng)……
adapt sth. for sth. from sth.根據(jù)某事將……改編成……
be adapted from… 由……改編
4. conduct (n.) 行為 (v.) 指揮
conductor n. 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者, 經(jīng)理,
a bad conduct惡劣行為
under the conduct of在...指導(dǎo)[管理]下
5. resign (v.) 辭職;委托, 把...交托給(to, into)
resign one's position (as secretary) 辭去(秘書(shū))職務(wù)
resign office辭職
resign oneself to聽(tīng)任(某種影響); 只好(做某事)
resign oneself to one's fate聽(tīng)天由命
resign ... to... 把... 托付給
6. companion (n..) 同伴
make companions of 與...作伴， 與...為友
companions in arms戰(zhàn)友
a faithful companion忠實(shí)伴侶
7. access n. (接近的)方法;通路;可接近性
accessible adj. 易接近的, 可到達(dá)的,
accessible to(prep.)
8. suitable adj.適合的, 適當(dāng)?shù)?
suit v. 合適, 適合, 相配,
unsuitable adj. 不適合的, 不相稱(chēng)的
be suitable for (doing) sth./sb. 很適合(做)……
9. annoy vt. 使生氣，使煩惱; 招惹; 妨礙
be annoyed at/by sth.因?yàn)槟呈露械嚼_
get /be annoyed with sb.生某人的氣
annoying 令人惱火的
annoyed 惱怒的;煩惱的
10. adequate adj.適當(dāng)?shù)? 足夠的; 差強(qiáng)人意的
高中英語(yǔ)選修七知識(shí)點(diǎn)2
Unit2:不定式
1.不定式的被動(dòng)形式
當(dāng)不定式與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí) 即不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是不定式所表示動(dòng)作的承受者不定式一般要用被動(dòng)形式。其被動(dòng)式可以分為兩種一般式和完成式。
(1) 一般式to be done表示不定式動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后或者同時(shí)發(fā)生。
It is a great honor to be invited to speak here. 很榮幸被邀請(qǐng)?jiān)谶@里講話(huà)。
The novel is said to be published next month. 據(jù)說(shuō)這本小說(shuō)下月要出版。
(2) 完成式 to have been done 表示不定式動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。
The book is said to have been translated into six languages.
這本書(shū)據(jù)說(shuō)已經(jīng)被翻譯成六種語(yǔ)言。
The boss preferred to have been given more work to do.
老板寧愿被分給更多的工作做。
被動(dòng) 一般式 to be done 完成式 to have been done
2.不定式被動(dòng)形式的作用
(1)作主語(yǔ)
It's an honor to be invited to the ceremony.
很榮幸被邀請(qǐng)赴宴。
It's a pity to be kept in the house in such fine weather.
在這樣好的天氣被關(guān)在家里真是遺憾。
(2)作表語(yǔ)
The letter is to be sent by airmail. 這封信箋要空郵。
(3) 作賓語(yǔ)
She didn't like to be treated as a child.
她不喜歡被當(dāng)成孩子。
The boy asked to be given an opportunity to try again.
那男孩要求給他再試一次的機(jī)會(huì)。
(4)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
I'd like my bedroom to be cleaned. 我想整理一下我的臥室。
(5)作定語(yǔ)
He was the last one to be asked to speak at the meeting.
他是最后一個(gè)在會(huì)上被邀請(qǐng)發(fā)言的人。
(6)作狀語(yǔ)
His mother left the small village never to be seen again.
他母親離開(kāi)了那個(gè)小山村，再也沒(méi)有人見(jiàn)過(guò)她。
3.不定式有些要注意的地方
(1) 感官動(dòng)詞和一些使役動(dòng)詞的不定式的主動(dòng)形式要省去to但在變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后需要加上to能這樣用的動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組有make have let see hear notice listen to watch等。
如：We often see him act like that. He is often seen to act like that. 我們常常看到他那樣做。
(2)在can't help buthave nothing to do but結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞but后的不定式省去to。
如：I can't_help_but suspect his motive. 我不禁懷疑起他的動(dòng)機(jī)。
I have nothing to do but watch TV. 我沒(méi)什么事情可做除了看電視。
(3)不定式有時(shí)要用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義
①形容詞以及含有形容詞的名詞后的不定式，一般用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義 其中形容詞常見(jiàn)的有easy difficult important impossible等。
如：The work is impossible to finish in two days. 工作不可能兩天之內(nèi)完成。
English is not so easy to learn. 英語(yǔ)并不好學(xué)。
① 一些固定用法 如“挨罵 受責(zé)備 受批評(píng)” 用be to blame “(東西等)出租”用to let。
V-ing 的用法：
1.作主語(yǔ)
Swimming is good for health.
2. 作表語(yǔ) Teaching is learning.教學(xué)相長(zhǎng).
注意：1)動(dòng)名詞和不定式都可以作主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)表示一般或抽象的多次性行為，不定式作主語(yǔ)往往表示具體的或一次性的動(dòng)作。
如：
Playing with fire is dangerous. (泛指玩火)
To play with fire will be dangerous.(指一具體動(dòng)作)
2). V-ing形式和不定式都要有對(duì)稱(chēng)性;當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是不定式時(shí)，表語(yǔ)也用不定式;反之，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是 V-ing 形式時(shí)，表語(yǔ)也用 V-ing 形式。
To see is to believe.= Seeing is believing.
3). It’s no use (good) doing sth
It’s a waste of time doing sth
it 作形式主語(yǔ), 只用V-ing,不用不定式。
※ It is + adj. + (for sb ) to do sth
It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水難收。
It is a waste of time talking (talk) to him .
It is important for me to learn (learn) English .
3.作賓語(yǔ) V-ing 形式既可作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ), 也可作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。
We would appreciate hearing from you.我們會(huì)珍惜你的來(lái)信。
高中英語(yǔ)選修七知識(shí)點(diǎn)3
Unit4：定語(yǔ)從句
1. 關(guān)系代詞 that, which (物) that, who, whom(人)whose(人和物)
①關(guān)系代詞在從句做主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)。當(dāng)做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以省略。
A plane is a machine that can fly.(that做主語(yǔ)，先行詞是物)
The book (which) I gave you was worth .(which先行詞是物，在從句中作賓語(yǔ)可省，) She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.(that先行詞是人，在從句中做賓語(yǔ)可省)
②who在從句中多做主語(yǔ)，whom只能做賓語(yǔ)，(介詞和動(dòng)詞后)
Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?(who在從句中做主語(yǔ)，先行詞是人)
The boy (whom) she loved died in the war.(whom在從句中做賓語(yǔ)，可省)
③ whose先行詞即可是人也可是物。
I like those books whose topics are about history. The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate.
2. 關(guān)系副詞
where 在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) when 在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) why 在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ) I will never forget the day when we met there.
This is the house where I was born.
I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.
三、介詞/介詞短語(yǔ)+關(guān)系代詞(which, whom)
Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working. This is the hotel in which you will stay.
關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當(dāng)于"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用。
例如：There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的時(shí)候。
Beijing is the place where(in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎?
四、 限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句
1. 形式不同
2. 作用不同
限定性定語(yǔ)從句用于對(duì)先行詞的意義進(jìn)行修飾、限制和識(shí)別，如果去掉，就會(huì)造成句意不完整或概念不清;而非限定性定語(yǔ)從句用于對(duì)先行詞起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整：
3. 翻譯不同 He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽車(chē)被竊的那個(gè)人。 I’ve invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我請(qǐng)了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。
4. 先行詞不同
五、 as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 as可以引導(dǎo)限制性和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中做主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。翻譯成“像?一樣”或“像” such?as 像??一樣，之類(lèi) the same?as 和??一樣
He is such a clever boy as everyone likes.(as在從從句中做賓語(yǔ)，)
That’s the same tool as I used last week.
六、 as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句和which的區(qū)別
①which 限制性非限制性位于句后修飾整句或先行詞
Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a very beautiful city.
As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s.
② as 多 和 被 動(dòng) 語(yǔ) 態(tài) 連 用 ， be known, be said, be reported, be announced, be expected等
③當(dāng)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句是否定時(shí)，只能用which。
He came here very late, which was unexpected.
七、 特殊情況
只能用that的情況：
1.先行詞為all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代詞時(shí)
2.先行詞被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修飾時(shí)
3.先行詞有形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)
4.先行詞有序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)
5.先行詞既指人又指物時(shí)
6.先行詞被the only, the very修飾時(shí)
7.句中已經(jīng)有who或which時(shí)，為了避免重復(fù)時(shí)
例如：
1.He told me everything that he knows.
2.All the books that you offered has been given out.
3.This is the best film that I have ever read.
4.We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.
5.He is the only man that I want to see.
6.Who is the man that is making a speech?
二、 只能用which不能用that的情況:
1. 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句
2. 介詞+which
3. the way 做先行詞時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句可由that, in which 引導(dǎo)或不用引導(dǎo)詞。
4. 當(dāng)先行詞是point, situation, stage等時(shí)，引導(dǎo)詞用where.
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