人教版英語(yǔ)七年級(jí)上冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)(2)
18.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，如：He is 12. She is at home. 表示經(jīng)常的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，如：I go to school at 7:30 every day. 表示主語(yǔ)具備的性格和能力等，如：She likes apples. They know English.
1)動(dòng)詞be
肯定式 | 否定式 |
I am．．．． You are．．．． He/She/It is．．．． We/You/They are．．．． | I am not．．．． You are not．．．． He/She/It is not．．．． We/You/They are not．．．． |
疑問式和簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ)
Am I．．．．? Yes, you are. No, you are not. Are we．．．．? Yes, we/you are. No, we/you are not | Are you．．．．? Yes, I am. No, I am not. Are you．．．．? Yes, we are. No, we are not. | Is he/she/it．．．．? Yes, he/she/it is. No, he/she/it is not. Are they．．．．? Yes, they are. No, they are not. |
2)動(dòng)詞do
肯定式 | 否定式 |
I like．．．． You like．．．． He/She/It likes．．．． We/You/They like．．．． | I do not (don’t) like．．．． You do not (don’t) like．．．． He/She/It does not (doesn’t) likes．．．． We/You/They do not (don’t) like．．．． |
疑問式和簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ)
Do I like oranges? Yes, you do. No, you do not(don’t) Do we like oranges? Yes, we/you do. No, we/you do not(don’t) | Do you like oranges? Yes, I do. No, I do not(don’t) Do you like oranges? Yes, we do. No, we do not(don’t) | Does he/she/it like oranges? Yes, he/she/it does. No, he/she/it does not. Do they like oranges? Yes, they do. No, they do not(don’t) |
當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞形式有以下幾種變化：
規(guī)則 | 動(dòng)詞原形 | 第三人稱單數(shù)形式 |
一般動(dòng)詞在詞尾加-s,在清輔音后讀/s/，在 濁輔音或元音后讀/z/，在t后讀/ts/，在d 后讀/ds/。 | help like swim listen know play get find | helps /helps/ likes /laiks/ swims /wimz/ listens /’lisənz/ knows /nəʊz/ plays /pleiz/ gets /gets/ finds /faindz/ |
以字母s, x, sh, ch結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加-es, 讀/iz/。如果動(dòng)詞原形詞尾已有e，則加s。以o結(jié) 尾的動(dòng)詞也加-es，讀/z/。 | teach go | teaches goes |
以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先邊y為i， 再加-es，讀/z/。 | study | studies |
Unit 6 Do you like bananas?
1. like 喜歡
1)like sb. / sth.喜歡某人/某物
2) like to do sth.喜歡/想要做某事(表一次性或特指的某一具體的動(dòng)作)
3) like doing sth喜歡做某事(表習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或愛好)
?、傥蚁矚g每天打籃球。I like playing basketball every day.
?、诮裉旌芾?，我喜歡呆在家里。Today is cold, I like to stay at home.
2. Do you like bananas? 你喜歡香蕉嗎。
可數(shù)名詞可用復(fù)數(shù)表示一類人或事物
3. 名詞的分類
1)名詞分為“專有名詞”和“普通名詞”兩大類。專有名詞是個(gè)別的人、事物、地點(diǎn)等專有的名稱，如：Gina, China。專有名詞的第一個(gè)字母要大寫。
2)普通名詞又可分為下面四類：
?、賯€(gè)體名詞：表示某類人或東西中的個(gè)體。如pen, student, apple。
?、诩w名詞：表示若干個(gè)體組成的集合體。如family, class。
?、畚镔|(zhì)名詞：表示無(wú)法分為個(gè)體的物質(zhì)。如water, broccoli等。
?、艹橄竺~：表示動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)、品質(zhì)、情感等。如work, happiness等。
個(gè)體名詞和集體名詞都是可數(shù)名詞，物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞都是不可數(shù)名詞。
3)有些名詞既可作可數(shù)名詞又可作不可數(shù)名詞，但意義不同，要注意區(qū)分。
?、賕lass cn. 杯子 un. 玻璃 orange cn 橘子 un. 橘汁
②還有表示動(dòng)物類的名詞，表示動(dòng)物時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，作為菜肴時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞。
chicken cn. 小雞 un. 雞肉 fish cn.魚 un. 魚肉
?、踫alad, ice cream, food, fruit 作總稱講是不可數(shù)名詞，作種類講是可數(shù)名詞
She likes hamburgers, salad and apples.
a salad of tomato
4. good / well
1) good adj “好的”，常用來(lái)修飾名詞。a good student一位好學(xué)生
2)well ①adj “好的”，“健康的”(指身體好)He doesn’t feel well.他感覺不舒服。②adv. “好”常用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞，放在動(dòng)詞之后。He learns English well.他英語(yǔ)學(xué)得好。
5. 許多
1) lots of = a lot of 修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。lots of / a lot of bananas lots of / a lot of water
2)many修飾可數(shù)名詞 many boys many bananas
3)much修飾不可數(shù)名詞 much water much broccoli
6. think about 思考;考慮
7. Sports star 體育明星
sport作修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：sports meeting 運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)sports shoes 運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋
8. ask sb about sth .詢問某人關(guān)于某事
He asked me about the meeting.他問我關(guān)于運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的一些情況。
9. What do you like for breakfast? 你早餐喜歡(吃)什么?
10. For breakfast, she likes eggs, bananas, and apples.= She likes eggs, bananas, and apples for breakfast.她早餐喜歡吃雞蛋，香蕉和蘋果。
sb like ....for + 某餐 = For + 某餐，sb. like....(某人某餐喜歡吃什么)
11. one last question 最后一個(gè)問題
12. I don’t want to be fat. 我不想變胖。
want to be… “想要成為……;想要變得……”，動(dòng)詞be后接形容詞或名詞。
Do you want to be a teacher? 你想成為一名老師嗎?
I don’t want to be old! 我可不想變老!