如何在短時(shí)間內(nèi)提高托??谡Z
如何在短時(shí)間內(nèi)提高托??谡Z,學(xué)習(xí)啦為大家?guī)砹?如何在短時(shí)間內(nèi)提高托福口語,供考生們參考使用,更多托福輔導(dǎo)請(qǐng)繼續(xù)關(guān)注學(xué)習(xí)啦!
如何在短時(shí)間內(nèi)提高托??谡Z
想在美國生存、發(fā)展下去,主要看自己有沒有機(jī)會(huì)表達(dá)自己,和別人溝通交流。但是,目前我們的大學(xué)英語教育存在這缺陷。我們建議要把我們學(xué)習(xí)的目標(biāo)收縮,把追求大而廣的英語知識(shí)轉(zhuǎn)化為追求一種定量性的技巧,我們認(rèn)為有6 種技巧,是美國人和美國人之間交流的關(guān)鍵性東西,如果我們能掌握這6 種技巧,就可以更好地理解美國人的思維,從而學(xué)好托福口語。
第一,如何用英文簡(jiǎn)單界定一個(gè)東西的技巧。美國人和美國人交談80%是想告訴對(duì)方這個(gè)事物是什么。我們的課本盡管詞匯難度不斷加深,但思維邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)卻只停留在一個(gè)水平上。中國人常說Where is the book (這本書在哪兒)?很少有人說What is a book (書是什么)?
而美國的小學(xué)生就開始問:what is thebook?這種Where is the book 只是思維的描述階段。但是我們想連大學(xué)生也很難回答What is a book?因?yàn)橹袊鴤鹘y(tǒng)英語教學(xué)模式?jīng)]有教會(huì)學(xué)生表達(dá)思想的技巧。
第二,如果已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)界定,但理解還有偏差,那就要訓(xùn)練How to explain things in different ways(用不同的方式解釋同一事物)。一種表達(dá)式對(duì)方不懂,美國人會(huì)尋找另一種表達(dá)式最終讓對(duì)方明白。因?yàn)槭挛锞鸵粋€(gè),但表達(dá)它的語言符號(hào)可能會(huì)很多。這就要多做替換練習(xí)。傳統(tǒng)的教學(xué)方法也做替換練習(xí),但這種替換不是真替換,只是語言層面的替換,而不是思維層面的替換。
比如, I love you(我愛你)。按我們教學(xué)的替換方法就把you 換成her,my mother 等,這種替換和小學(xué)生練描紅沒有什么區(qū)別。這種替換沒有對(duì)智力構(gòu)成挑戰(zhàn),沒有啟動(dòng)思維。這種替換句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)沒變,我們聽不懂I love you,肯定也聽不懂I love her。如果替換為I want to kiss you I want to hug you, I will show my heart to you 等,或者給對(duì)方講電影《泰坦尼克》,告訴對(duì)方那就是愛,這樣一來對(duì)方可能就明白了。這才叫真正的替換。也就是說用一種不同的方式表達(dá)同一個(gè)意思,或者一個(gè)表達(dá)式對(duì)方聽不清楚,舉一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單易懂的例子來表達(dá),直到對(duì)方明白。
第三,我們必須學(xué)會(huì)美國人怎樣描述東西。從描述上來講,由于中美的文化不同會(huì)產(chǎn)生很大的差異。我們描述東西無外乎把它放在時(shí)間和空間兩個(gè)坐標(biāo)上去描述。美國人對(duì)空間的描述總是由內(nèi)及外,由里及表。而中國人正好相反。
從時(shí)間上來說,中國人是按自然的時(shí)間順序來描述。我們描述一個(gè)東西突然停住時(shí),往往最后說的那個(gè)地方是最重要的。美國人在時(shí)間的描述上先把最重要的東西說出來,然后再說陪襯的東西。只有發(fā)生悲劇性的事件,美國人才在前面加上鋪墊。
這就是中國人和美國人在時(shí)間描述上的巨大差別。
第四,要學(xué)會(huì)使用重要的美國習(xí)語。不容易學(xué)、易造成理解困惑的東西就是“習(xí)語”。比如北京人說蓋了帽兒了,外國人很難理解,這就是習(xí)語。所以和美國人交流時(shí),能適當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用美國習(xí)語,他馬上就會(huì)覺得很親切,也很愛和你交流。那么什么是習(xí)語?就是每個(gè)單詞你都認(rèn)識(shí),但把它我們組合在一起,你就不知道是什么意思了。
第五,學(xué)會(huì)兩種語言的傳譯能力。這是衡量托??谡Z水平的一個(gè)最重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。因?yàn)橛⒄Z不是我們的母語,我們天生就有自己的母語。很多人都認(rèn)為學(xué)好外語必須丟掉自己的母語,這是不對(duì)的。
第六,要有猜測(cè)能力。為什么美國人和美國人、中國人和中國人之間交流很少產(chǎn)生歧義?就是因?yàn)樗覀冎g能“猜測(cè)”。我們的教學(xué)不提倡“猜測(cè)”。但我們覺得猜測(cè)對(duì)學(xué)好美國口語很重要。在交流中,有一個(gè)詞你沒有聽懂,你不可能馬上去查字典,這時(shí)候就需要猜測(cè)來架起一座橋梁來彌補(bǔ)這個(gè)缺口,否則交流就會(huì)中斷。
中國人學(xué)習(xí)托??谡Z講究背誦,背句型、背語調(diào),結(jié)果就是很多人講口語的時(shí)候講著講著眼就開始向上翻,實(shí)際上是在記憶中尋找曾經(jīng)背過的東西。如果他要是能猜測(cè)的話,我們認(rèn)為也就不會(huì)出現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象。
最新托??谡Z題目:過程和結(jié)果哪個(gè)更重要
Task 2
Which one do you think is more important? The process of doing something or the result at the end?
托??谡Z范文:過程和結(jié)果哪個(gè)更重要
I personally believe the result at the end is important but not as important as the process of doing something. The process of doing something simply is the part that gives us all the fun and all the good memories. Take my second-grade assignment as an example, we were all asked to make a report about Thanksgiving. So I teamed up with my dad and little by little, we started this magnificent research of Thanksgiving. I remember I went online and searched for as much related information as possible, how the tradition of Thanksgiving started, how the pilgrims arrived to America and how they celebrated the first Thanksgiving with the native Americans. And my dad helped me make a list of the differences between American and Canadian Thanksgiving. We went to the supermarket together to take pictures of the ingredients people needed to make a traditional Thanksgiving meal. My dad even printed out the recipe of my grandma’s cranberry sauce for me to include in my report. I really can’t recall if I got a good grade that time, but I still remember all the fun I had with my dad and the funny pictures we took in the supermarket, until today I still keep that report because it reminds me of all the fun I had during the process of making it. Plus, through the process of doing something, there’s always something for us to learn, and there’s always something to inspire new ideas.
托福口語題目:好領(lǐng)導(dǎo)該有的特點(diǎn)
T1:Describe the characteristics a good leader should have.
托??谡Z真題Task1
What do you think is the most important quality for a leader to have?
托??谡Z范文:好領(lǐng)導(dǎo)該有的特點(diǎn)
Well in my opinion, a good leader should have the following characteristics: first, honesty. It is of utmost importance that a leader is trustworthy. A good leader needs to be trusted and known to live his life with honesty and integrity; or in other words, “walk the talk/practice what he preaches” and in doing so earns the right to have responsibility for others; otherwise, no one will be serious about his words or orders; then leadership will become a joke. Second, communication skills. Being able to clearly and succinctly describe and convince others what you want to achieve is extremely important. If you can’t relate your vision to your team, your people will be confused and distracted, and won’t be able to work towards the same goal.
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