托福閱讀詞數(shù)多少
關(guān)于托福閱讀考試部分，考試文章的具體篇幅，也是大家比較關(guān)心的。畢竟這些字?jǐn)?shù)也影響著大家的閱讀速度。那么在實際的考試中，到底考試總共有多少文章，每篇文章的字?jǐn)?shù)是多少呢?下面小編為大家整理了詳細(xì)的內(nèi)容，供大家參考!
托福閱讀詞數(shù)多少
1. 托福閱讀共三篇文章，每篇700字左右，平均20分鐘/篇;
2. 閱讀加試一篇文章，20分鐘。有經(jīng)典加試題，考生可提前準(zhǔn)備。
閱讀對大部分考生來說是托?？荚囁膫€科目中難度最低的一項，它是中國考生平均分最高的一項。
托福閱讀的針對性備考訓(xùn)練包括兩項。一是對做過的每篇文章做精讀，徹底弄懂每個詞匯每個句子。二是集中性的做錯題。
另外，大部分考生做托福閱讀做到23分之后就會進(jìn)入瓶頸期，就是怎么練習(xí)都無法再提高分?jǐn)?shù)。這往往是考生的某些弱項，例如某種特定題型或某種特定題材的文章做不好，考生應(yīng)該找出自己不擅長的題型題材集中地反復(fù)做，找出攻克這種題的方法技巧，一般就會有改善。
要想做好閱讀，第一分鐘是非常重要的，這一分鐘要做兩件事，一是文章的方向性把握，二是文章分論點的瀏覽。先看標(biāo)題，再花30秒左右的時間看第一段，找出其主要內(nèi)容+方向+指示詞。主要內(nèi)容就是該篇文章要講的事情。方向就是作者對他所要說的這件事情的態(tài)度，分為正面態(tài)度和反面態(tài)度，比如對事實真假的判斷，對事物好壞的判斷。指示詞即遞進(jìn)或轉(zhuǎn)折詞。如果能力再強(qiáng)點可以多看一點，盡可能找出文章中出現(xiàn)的概念和文章行文的邏輯。
托福閱讀練習(xí)：2030年人類將需要兩個地球
Humans are overusing the planet's resources and will need two Earths by 2030，a new report warns.
一份新報告警示：由于人類過度的使用地球上的資源，到2030年人類將需要兩個地球。
According to the Report， human demands on natural resources have doubled in under 50 years and are now outstripping what the Earth can provide by more than half; and humanity carries on as it is in use of resources， globally it will need the capacity of two Earths by 2030.
該報告指出，人類對自然資源的需求量在不到50年內(nèi)翻了一番，目前已超出地球供應(yīng)能力的一半。如果人類繼續(xù)以這種方式消耗資源的話，到2030年，人類需要兩個地球才能滿足對資源的需求量。
Wildlife in tropical countries is also under huge pressure， with populations of species falling by 60 per cent in three decades.
熱帶國家的一些野生動植物也承受著巨大的壓力，在30年內(nèi)，動植物的種類已經(jīng)下降了60%.
And the report， from the WWF， the Zoological Society of London and the Global Footprint Network， said that British people are still consuming far more than the Earth can cope with.
該由世界自然基金會、倫敦動物學(xué)會和環(huán)球足跡網(wǎng)絡(luò)共同完成報告指出，英國人資源的消耗量遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)仍然超出了地球的的供應(yīng)量。
If everyone lived such a lifestyle， humans would need 2.75 planets to survive.
如果每個人都過這樣的生活方式，人類恐怕需要2.75個行星來維持生存。
The study's authors looked at 8，000 populations of 2，500 species and studied the change in land use and water consumption across the globe.
做該研究的人觀察了2500多個物種、8000個種群的生存狀況，并研究了全球范圍內(nèi)的土地使用以及水資源消耗的變化情況。
Britain comes 31st in a list of countries based on their 'ecological footprint' - the amount of land and sea each person needs to provide the food， clothes and other products they consume and to absorb the carbon dioxide they emit.
在關(guān)于“生命的足跡”這一多個國家排名中，英國位于第31位?！吧淖阚E”指每個人維持生存所需的衣食和其他消費品以及吸收一個人排出的二氧化碳所占用的土地和海洋的面積。
The country has fallen down the league table from having the 15th biggest footprint in the last report two years ago， but WWF attributes this to an increase in other countries' impact rather than a reduction in the UK's use of resources.
英國已經(jīng)從兩年前“生命的足跡”排名的第15名下降了。但是世界自然基金會認(rèn)為是其他國家影響力的增加而不是英國資源消耗的減少導(dǎo)致這一現(xiàn)象的。
This report also carried a warning about the loss of wildlife and ecosystems which people depend on for food， fuel， clean water and other resources - with populations of species declining by 30 per cent worldwide between 1970 and 2007.
該報告也對動植物種類的減少以及生態(tài)環(huán)境的破壞做出了警告：這是人類獲取食物，燃料和其他資源源泉，然而在1970年到2007年之間，世界范圍內(nèi)的動植物的種類已經(jīng)下降了30%.
So we should be responsible for our actions. Save our “neighbors” and live harmoniously with them. let “green” become our guidebook and lead us to a right direction.
所以我們應(yīng)該為自己的動作負(fù)責(zé)，救助我們的鄰居，和它們一起和諧的生活，并且讓“綠色”成為我們生活的準(zhǔn)則，指引我們走向一條正確的路。
托福閱讀文章的練習(xí)：THE CAMBRIAN EXPLOSION
THE CAMBRIAN EXPLOSION
The geologic timescale is marked by significantgeologic and biological events, including the origin of Earth about 4.6 billionyears ago, the origin of life about 3.5 billion years ago, the origin ofeukaryotic life-forms (living things that have cells with true nuclei) about 1.5billion years ago, and the origin of animals about 0.6 billion years ago. Thelast event marks the beginning of the Cambrian period. Animals originatedrelatively late in the history of Earth – in only the last 10 percent of Earth’shistory. During a geologically brief 100-million-year period, all modern animalgroups (along with other animals that are now extinct) evolved. This rapidorigin and diversification of animals is often referred to as “the Cambrianexplosion.”
Scientists have asked important questions about thisexplosion for more than a century. Why did it occur so late in the history ofEarth? The origin of multicellular forms of life seems a relatively simple stepcompared to the origin of life itself. Why does the fossil record not documentthe series of evolutionary changes during the evolution of animals? Why didanimal life evolve so quickly? Paleontologists continue to search the fossilrecord for answers to these questions.
One interpretation regarding theabsence of fossils during this important 100-million-year period is that earlyanimals were soft bodied and simply did not fossilize. Fossilization ofsoft-bodied animals is less likely than fossilization of hard-bodied animals,but it does occur. Conditions that promote fossilization of soft-bodied animalsinclude very rapid covering by sediments that create an environment thatdiscourages decomposition. In fact, fossil beds containing soft-bodied animalshave been known for many years.
The Ediacara fossil formation, whichcontains the oldest known animal fossils, consists exclusively of soft-bodiedforms. Although named after a site in Australia, the Ediacara formation isworldwide in distribution and dates to Precambrian times. This700-million-year-old formation gives few clues to the origins of modern animals,however, because paleontologists believe it represents an evolutionaryexperiment that failed. It contains no ancestors of modern animalgroups.
A slightly younger fossil formation containing animal remains isthe Tommotian formation, named after a locale in Russia. It dates to the veryearly Cambrian period, and it also contains only soft-bodied forms. At one time,the animals present in these fossil beds were assigned to various modern animalgroups, but most paleontologists now agree that all Tommotian fossils representunique body forms that arose in the early Cambrian period and disappeared beforethe end of the period, leaving no descendants in modern animal groups.
Athird fossil formation containing both soft-bodied and hard-bodied animalsprovides evidence of the result of the Cambrian explosion. This fossilformation, called the Burgess Shale, is in Yoho National Park in the CanadianRocky Mountains of British Columbia. Shortly after the Cambrian explosion, mudslides rapidly buried thousands of marine animals under conditions that favoredfossilization. These fossil beds provide evidence of about 32 modern animalgroups, plus about 20 other animal body forms that are so different from anymodern animals that they cannot be assigned to any one of the modern groups.These unassignable animals include a large swimming predator called Anomalocarisand a soft-bodied animal called Wiwaxia, which ate detritus or algae. TheBurgess Shale formation also has fossils of many extinct representatives ofmodern animal groups. For example, a well-known Burgess Shale animal calledSidneyia is a representative of a previously unknown group of arthropods (acategory of animals that includes insects, spiders, mites, andcrabs).
Fossil formations like the Burgess Shale show that evolutioncannot always be thought of as a slow progression. The Cambrian explosioninvolved rapid evolutionary diversification, followed by the extinction of manyunique animals. Why was this evolution so rapid? No one really knows. Manyzoologists believe that it was because so many ecological niches were availablewith virtually no competition from existing species. Will zoologists ever knowthe evolutionary sequences in the Cambrian explosion? Perhaps another ancientfossil bed of soft-bodied animals from 600-million-year-old seas is awaitingdiscovery.
Paragraph1: The geologic timescale is marked bysignificant geologic and biological events, including the origin of Earth about4.6 billion years ago, the origin of life about 3.5 billion years ago, theorigin of eukaryotic life-forms (living things that have cells with true nuclei)about 1.5 billion years ago, and the origin of animals about 0.6 billion yearsago. The last event marks the beginning of the Cambrian period. Animalsoriginated relatively late in the history of Earth – in only the last 10 percentof Earth’s history. During a geologically brief 100-million-year period, allmodern animal groups (along with other animals that are now extinct) evolved.This rapid origin and diversification of animals is often referred to as “theCambrian explosion。
托福閱讀實用提分指南!
第一要義是把問題讀懂
在某種程度上，把問題讀懂比把文章讀懂更重要。托福閱讀除了詞匯題、句子插入題和歸納題不需要讀問題，其他題目都需要讀懂問題。讀問題看兩點：對應(yīng)段和關(guān)鍵詞。先看問題考的哪一段，把那段讀完;再看是考的這一段的什么，是一個概念還是解釋某一現(xiàn)象的原因，是實驗結(jié)果還是實驗中的一個細(xì)節(jié)。讀懂了問題，腦海中對于這個問題的考點立即定位了剛才閱讀的內(nèi)容，再去讀選項就非常容易選了。
特別需要注意的是排除題，這類題目問題中一定會出現(xiàn)大寫的EXCEPT，選擇時要選問題不考察的/跟問題不相關(guān)的選項。如果你做題時發(fā)現(xiàn)有兩個甚至三個選項都看著好像對，糾結(jié)選哪一個時，不妨找一下問題中有沒有出現(xiàn)EXCEPT，很可能你漏看了!
注意區(qū)分paragraph和passage
前者指的是文章中的一個自然段，后者指的是整個文章。非詞匯題的題目中如果出現(xiàn)了passage則意味著答案可能在全文的任一個段落。
一般來說上一題答案在文中出現(xiàn)的位置必然比下一題答案在文中出現(xiàn)的位置靠前。知道這一點是非常有用的，可以縮小尋找答案的范圍。但是有一個情況例外：當(dāng)題目(非詞匯題)中出現(xiàn)了passage，則這個題答案的位置可能在上一題答案位置之后，但也可能在上一題甚至上幾題答案的位置之前。
跟隨題目讀文章
簡而言之就是題目考哪一段就讀哪一段，跟著題目的順序讀完全文。托福閱讀的題目設(shè)置非常有秩序，一定是從文章的第一段開始出題，順著往下走。開始做題時先看題目對應(yīng)的哪一段，然后不看題目，把對應(yīng)段讀完、讀通、讀懂，再去做題，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)題目一讀就懂，選項意思也清晰明了。先讀對應(yīng)段的好處就是讓原文在大腦中先入為主，避免了先讀題看選項時大腦一片混亂的情況。讀完對應(yīng)段再讀題目，這時大腦中對應(yīng)段是“主”，題目和選項內(nèi)容是“客”，以“主”的內(nèi)容甄別“客”的真假，自然就能選對了。
當(dāng)然，這種方法難免遇到漏看某一段文章的情況，這就要求在做兩道題之間檢查一下有沒有跳過一段，如果跳過了，把跳過的這段和題目要考的那段連起來讀?；旧享樦}目讀，能對整篇文章的意思了如指掌，每一段也能清楚講的什么，等做到了最后一道題(歸納題)，根本不用再讀文章了。
需要注意的是，以上方法只是托福的應(yīng)試技巧，并不一定適合其他英文閱讀。
技巧性的做題
根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位
分析題目后定位題目中的關(guān)鍵詞，然后根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞去文章中找所需要的信息從而選出答案。要注意的是，有時可以根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞在原文中找到含有關(guān)鍵詞的所需信息;有時關(guān)鍵詞在原文中會以“整形”后的面目出現(xiàn)(被同義改寫)。所以根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞去文中找信息的時候不可以過于死板，要知道原文中的關(guān)鍵詞和題目中的關(guān)鍵詞未必一模一樣!我們在文中需要尋找的是和題目中的關(guān)鍵詞意思近似或基本對等的詞。比如，government role和government responsibility就基本是對等的。
選項分析排除法
每個問題的四個選項，或者是歪曲原文，或者與原文毫不相干。換句話說，命題專家在設(shè)置試題時會玩一些文字游戲，用各種表達(dá)形式讓考生暈頭轉(zhuǎn)向、霧里看花?？忌鷳?yīng)該明白自己的職責(zé)是辨別真?zhèn)危业胶戏恼乱馑己皖}意的選項。
有時僅僅可以通過讀題目、選項就可以排除一些錯誤選項，從而提高準(zhǔn)確率和做題效率。
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