一篇托福閱讀詞量是多少
關(guān)于托福閱讀考試部分，考試文章的具體篇幅，也是大家比較關(guān)心的。畢竟這些字?jǐn)?shù)也影響著大家的閱讀速度。那么在實(shí)際的考試中，到底考試總共有多少文章，每篇文章的單詞量是多少呢?下面小編為大家整理了詳細(xì)的內(nèi)容，供大家參考!
一篇托福閱讀詞量是多少
1. 托福閱讀共三篇文章，每篇700字左右，平均20分鐘/篇;
2. 閱讀加試一篇文章，20分鐘。有經(jīng)典加試題，考生可提前準(zhǔn)備。
閱讀對(duì)大部分考生來(lái)說(shuō)是托福考試四個(gè)科目中難度最低的一項(xiàng)，它是中國(guó)考生平均分最高的一項(xiàng)。
托福閱讀的針對(duì)性備考訓(xùn)練包括兩項(xiàng)。一是對(duì)做過(guò)的每篇文章做精讀，徹底弄懂每個(gè)詞匯每個(gè)句子。二是集中性的做錯(cuò)題。
另外，大部分考生做托福閱讀做到23分之后就會(huì)進(jìn)入瓶頸期，就是怎么練習(xí)都無(wú)法再提高分?jǐn)?shù)。這往往是考生的某些弱項(xiàng)，例如某種特定題型或某種特定題材的文章做不好，考生應(yīng)該找出自己不擅長(zhǎng)的題型題材集中地反復(fù)做，找出攻克這種題的方法技巧，一般就會(huì)有改善。
要想做好閱讀，第一分鐘是非常重要的，這一分鐘要做兩件事，一是文章的方向性把握，二是文章分論點(diǎn)的瀏覽。先看標(biāo)題，再花30秒左右的時(shí)間看第一段，找出其主要內(nèi)容+方向+指示詞。主要內(nèi)容就是該篇文章要講的事情。方向就是作者對(duì)他所要說(shuō)的這件事情的態(tài)度，分為正面態(tài)度和反面態(tài)度，比如對(duì)事實(shí)真假的判斷，對(duì)事物好壞的判斷。指示詞即遞進(jìn)或轉(zhuǎn)折詞。如果能力再?gòu)?qiáng)點(diǎn)可以多看一點(diǎn)，盡可能找出文章中出現(xiàn)的概念和文章行文的邏輯。
托福閱讀練習(xí)：Silk
Silk is the strongest natural fiber in the world, as far as we know. Scientists long to understand just how exactly the silkworm manages the process of silk weaving, so they can replicate the process in order to manufacture such things as high-strength and high-performance materials for sports and law enforcement.
Though our understanding of the silk-making process is not yet complete, scientists do know that the key to making silk lies in the animal’s careful managing of the water content in its silk glands.
Silk gets its strength from its proteins. Parts of the proteins are hydrophilic, or water-loving; and parts are hydrophobic, or water-fearing. For some time it was a mystery how silkworms managed to convert these proteins into silk threads without the proteins crystallizing before the animal is ready to spin them. Premature crystallization would clog up their silk glands, which would likely prove fatal to the little creatures.
The answer lies in the silkworm’s slowly decreasing the water content in its silk glands and in the proteins’ ability to retain water, keeping the solution soluble up until it is spun. As the water decreases, the water-loving parts of the proteins fold together in chains, forcing the water-fearing parts together.
As the water level continues to drop, the folded chains of silk push together more and more to form larger and larger gel-like structures. All the while the water-loving parts retain enough water so that the solution does not crystallize prematurely, before there is enough of the material to begin spinning.
蠶絲是史上全世界最強(qiáng)韌的天然纖維。長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)，科學(xué)家想知道蠶如何產(chǎn)絲，然后仿效制絲過(guò)程，生產(chǎn)高強(qiáng)高性能的運(yùn)動(dòng)原材及執(zhí)法材料。
雖然我們對(duì)制絲的整個(gè)過(guò)程了解的不多，但是科學(xué)家可以肯定關(guān)鍵在于蠶如何細(xì)心掌控絲腺里的水分。
蠶絲的高強(qiáng)性是因?yàn)榈鞍踪|(zhì)。蛋白質(zhì)部分是親水的;部分是疏水的。蠶吐絲前，蛋白質(zhì)尚未結(jié)晶，蠶是如何將蛋白質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)換成蠶線一直是個(gè)未解之謎。而過(guò)早的結(jié)晶會(huì)阻塞絲腺，蠶很可能為此喪命。
奧秘在于絲腺里的水分逐步流失，而蛋白質(zhì)可以儲(chǔ)存水分，蠶在吐絲前先溶解于水。水分漸漸流失，親水的蛋白質(zhì)絲絲縷縷纏繞在一起，將疏水的部分也裹在一起。
水分繼續(xù)流失，包裹在一起的蠶絲像滾雪球般形成凝膠狀。親水的蛋白質(zhì)始終儲(chǔ)存足夠水分避免過(guò)早結(jié)晶。結(jié)晶后，蠶吐出蠶絲。
fiber：纖維
convert：轉(zhuǎn)換
spin ： (蠶)吐絲;過(guò)去式spun或 span 過(guò)去分詞spun 現(xiàn)在分詞spinning
fatal:致命的
托福閱讀練習(xí)：Hormones in the Body
Hormones in the Body
Up to the beginning of the twentieth century, the nervous system was thought to control all communication within the body and the resulting integration of behavior. Scientists had determined that nerves ran, essentially, on electrical impulses. These impulses were thought to be the engine for thought, emotion, movement, and internal processes such as digestion. However, experiments by William Bayliss and Ernest Starling on the chemical secretin, which is produced in the small intestine when food enters the stomach, eventually challenged that view. From the small intestine, secretin travels through the bloodstream to the pancreas. There, it stimulates the release of digestive chemicals. In this fashion, the intestinal cells that produce secretin ultimately regulate the production of different chemicals in a different organ, the pancreas.
Such a coordination of processes had been thought to require control by the nervous system; Bayliss and Starling showed that it could occur through chemicals alone. This discovery spurred Starling to coin the term hormone to refer to secretin, taking it from the Greek word hormon, meaning “to excite” or “to set in motion.” A hormone is a chemical produced by one tissue to make things happen elsewhere.
As more hormones were discovered, they were categorized, primarily according to the process by which they operated on the body. Some glands (which make up the endocrine system) secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream. Such glands include the thyroid and the pituitary. The exocrine system consists of organs and glands that produce substances that are used outside the bloodstream, primarily for digestion. The pancreas is one such organ, although it secretes some chemicals into the blood and thus is also part of the endocrine system.
Much has been learned about hormones since their discovery. Some play such key roles in regulating bodily processes or behavior that their absence would cause immediate death. The most abundant hormones have effects that are less obviously urgent but can be more far-reaching and difficult to track: They modify moods and affect human behavior, even some behavior we normally think of as voluntary. Hormonal systems are very intricate. Even minute amounts of the right chemicals can suppress appetite, calm aggression, and change the attitude of a parent toward a child. Certain hormones accelerate the development of the body, regulating growth and form; others may even define an individual’s personality characteristics. The quantities and proportions of hormones produced change with age, so scientists have given a great deal of study to shifts in the endocrine system over time in the hopes of alleviating ailments associated with aging.
In fact, some hormone therapies are already very common. A combination of estrogen and progesterone has been prescribed for decades to women who want to reduce mood swings, sudden changes in body temperature, and other discomforts caused by lower natural levels of those hormones as they enter middle age. Known as hormone replacement therapy (HRT), the treatment was also believed to prevent weakening of the bones. At least one study has linked HRT with a heightened risk of heart disease and certain types of cancer. HRT may also increase the likelihood that blood clots—dangerous because they could travel through the bloodstream and block major blood vessels—will form. Some proponents of HRT have tempered their enthusiasm in the face of this new evidence, recommending it only to patients whose symptoms interfere with their abilities to live normal lives.
Human growth hormone may also be given to patients who are secreting abnormally low amounts on their own. Because of the complicated effects growth hormone has on the body, such treatments are generally restricted to children who would be pathologically small in stature without it. Growth hormone affects not just physical size but also the digestion of food and the aging process. Researchers and family physicians tend to agree that it is foolhardy to dispense it in cases in which the risks are not clearly outweighed by the benefits.
27. The word engine in the passage is closest in meaning to
(A) desire
(B) origin
(C) science
(D) chemical
28. The word it in the passage refers to
(A) secretin
(B) small intestine
(C) bloodstream
(D) pancreas
29. The word spurred in the passage is closest in meaning to
(A) remembered
(B) surprised
(C) invented
(D) motivated
30. To be considered a hormone, a chemical produced in the body must
(A) be part of the digestive process
(B) influence the operations of the nervous system
(C) affect processes in a different part of the body
(D) regulate attitudes and behavior
31. The glands and organs mentioned in paragraph 3 are categorized according to
(A) whether scientists understand their function
(B) how frequently they release hormones into the body
(C) whether the hormones they secrete influence the aging process
(D) whether they secrete chemicals into the blood
Paragraph 3 is marked with an arrow [→]
32. The word key in the passage is closest in meaning to
(A) misunderstood
(B) precise
(C) significant
(D) simple
33. The word minute in the passage is closest in meaning to
(A) sudden
(B) small
(C) changing
(D) noticeable
34. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect answer choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
(A) Most moods and actions are not voluntary because they are actually produced by the production of hormones in the body.
(B) Because the effects of hormones are difficult to measure, scientists remain unsure how far-reaching their effects on moods and actions are.
(C) When the body is not producing enough hormones, urgent treatment may be necessary to avoid psychological damage.
(D) The influence of many hormones is not easy to measure, but they can affect both people’s psychology and actions extensively.
35. The word tempered in the passage is closest in meaning to
(A) decreased
(B) advertised
(C) prescribed
(D) researched
36. Which patients are usually treated with growth hormone?
(A) Adults of smaller statue than normal
(B) Adults with strong digestive systems
(C) Children who are not at risk from the treatment
(D) Children who may remain abnormally small
37.Which of the following sentences explains the primary goal of hormone replacement therapy?
These sentences are highlighted in the passage.
(A) The quantities and proportions of hormones produced change with age, so scientists have given a great deal of study to shifts in the endocrine system over time in the hopes of alleviating ailments associated with aging.
(B) A combination of estrogen and progesterone has been prescribed for decades to women who want to reduce mood swings, sudden changes in body temperature, and other discomforts caused by lower natural levels of those hormones as they enter middle age.
(C) HRT may also increase the likelihood that blood clots—dangerous because they could travel through the bloodstream and block major blood vessels—will form.
(D) Because of the complicated effects growth hormone has on the body, such treatments are generally restricted to children who would be pathologically small in stature without it.
38. Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.The body is a complex machine, however, and recent studies have called into question the wisdom of essentially trying to fool its systems into believing they aren’t aging.Where would the sentence best fit?Click on a square to add the sentence to the passage.
39. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.
The class of chemicals called hormones was discovered by two researchers studying a substance produced in the small intestine.
Answer Choices
The term hormone is based on a Greek word that means "to excite" or "to set in motion."Researchers are looking for ways to decrease the dangers of treatments with growth hormone so that more patients can benefit from it.
Hormones can be given artificially, but such treatments have risks and must be used carefully.Hormones can affect not only life processes such as growth but also behavior and emotion.
Scientists have discovered that not only the nervous system but also certain chemicals can affect bodily processes far from their points of origin.Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may increase the risk of blood clots and heart disease in middle-age women.
Answer Keys
Reading：
27. B
28. A
29. D
30. C
31. D
32. C
33. B
34. D
35. A
36. D
37. A
38. third square
39.1) Scientists have discovered that not only the nervous system….
2) Hormones can affect not only life processes…..
3) Researchers are looking for ways to decrease the dangers of ….
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