學(xué)習(xí)啦 > 學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ) > 英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ) > 雅思口語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法你確定不了解一下?

雅思口語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法你確定不了解一下?

時(shí)間: 小潔1242 分享

雅思口語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法你確定不了解一下?

  在雅思口語(yǔ)的備考復(fù)習(xí)中,如果能夠熟練掌握語(yǔ)法,那么你就贏了一半。

  然而,很多考鴨非常不注重雅思口語(yǔ)中語(yǔ)法的訓(xùn)練。

  在雅思口語(yǔ)考試中,熟練運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法的考生更容易獲得雅思口語(yǔ)考官的好感哦。

  一、雅思口語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:主謂一致

  語(yǔ)法一致。

  比如:主語(yǔ)是單數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就用單數(shù);主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就用復(fù)數(shù)。當(dāng)然這只在現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),即一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)中體現(xiàn)。這個(gè)要求看起來(lái)很簡(jiǎn)單,但在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中,基本上所有的同學(xué)都會(huì)被我反復(fù)地提醒使用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。

  就近原則。

  由or;either...or;neither...nor;not only…but also等詞連接的名詞或者代詞作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于與動(dòng)詞最近的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。Neither you nor your friend is to blame.

  意義一致。

  這個(gè)主要是涉及到集體名詞,比如audience;army;family;jury;stuff;crew;couple等,如果這類(lèi)詞意義上指整體的概念謂語(yǔ)就用單數(shù),如果意義指具體成員則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就用復(fù)數(shù)。如:The population in this area is increasing very slowly。/One third of the population in this area are workers.

  就遠(yuǎn)原則。

  由as well as;rather than; with;together with; in addition; combined with這幾個(gè)詞連接的名詞或者代詞作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于這幾個(gè)詞前面的名詞是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。如:The teacher rather than the students opens the door./The students rather than the teacher open the door.

  還有需要注意的是:a series/line/group/list+of+名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)、part/rest/half+名詞作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于名詞本身的單復(fù)數(shù)。;both of+名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù);each/neither/either/everything/anything作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。

  主謂一致是相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)法,只要大家在平時(shí)的練習(xí)中多加注意,在考試中就能減少無(wú)謂的“犧牲”。

  二、雅思口語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法:使用誤區(qū)

  1.such as與for example的混用。

  我們知道,在表示舉例子的時(shí)候,such as與like是完全等同的,如:Wild flowers such as/like orchids and primroses are becoming rare。但是考生對(duì)于Such as、for example 的把握還是不夠準(zhǔn)確。我們都知道,后者接句子前者接詞語(yǔ)表示舉例子。于是就有了下面的寫(xiě)法:There is a similar word in many languages, such as in French and Italian。這里的such as改為for example為好,因?yàn)椤癷n French and Italian”其實(shí)是“there is a similar word in French and Italian”的簡(jiǎn)化,所以要用for example來(lái)引出例證。再來(lái)看幾個(gè)類(lèi)似的例子:It is possible to combine computer science with other subjects, for example physics。

  2.assume 及claim 使用不夠準(zhǔn)確。

  我們知道, think,assume,claim是議論文中常用引出觀點(diǎn)的動(dòng)詞。在實(shí)際作文中,同學(xué)們往往認(rèn)為幾個(gè)詞的意思是一樣的,完全可以代換,所以拿過(guò)來(lái)就用。甚至還有同學(xué)把consider也拿過(guò)來(lái)與之混用。我們首先還是從定義來(lái)看這幾個(gè)詞的不同:Think: to have opinion or belief about sth。翻譯為“認(rèn)為”,通常接賓語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表達(dá)比較確定的觀點(diǎn)。Assume: to think or accept that sth is true but without having proof of it。翻譯為“假設(shè)、假定”,是否有事實(shí)依據(jù)是不確定的。Claim: to say sth is true although it has not been proved and other people may not believe it。翻譯為“聲稱(chēng)”,用這個(gè)詞往往意味著不贊同緊跟其后的觀點(diǎn),所以很少用作‘I claim that…Scientist are claiming a breakthrough in the fight against cancer, but in fact, …。所以‘It is claimed that’通常翻譯為“有報(bào)道稱(chēng)。。。”。和‘it is reported that ’的區(qū)別在于后者翻譯為“據(jù)報(bào)道”,往往代表著作者贊同報(bào)告的內(nèi)容,Consider: to think about sth carefully, especially in order to make a decision.翻譯為“考慮”,一般不用作引出觀點(diǎn),看個(gè)例子:We are considering buying a new car。所以,千萬(wàn)不要在雅思大作文的第一段(觀點(diǎn)表達(dá)段)就因?yàn)橛迷~把握不準(zhǔn)而導(dǎo)致對(duì)整篇文章的低分印象。

  3.介詞使用錯(cuò)誤。

  1).普通介詞的誤用。

  一般表現(xiàn)為固定搭配錯(cuò)誤,如常把provide sb with sth用成provide sb sth; be satisfied with用成be satisfied for等等,雖然這樣的錯(cuò)誤看似無(wú)傷大雅,但在考官眼里就是影響順暢閱讀的,當(dāng)然會(huì)影響最終成績(jī)。解決的辦法簡(jiǎn)單而古老:把常見(jiàn)的固定搭配牢記于心,問(wèn)題自然就解決了。

  2).“to”作為介詞的誤用?!皌o”最常見(jiàn)的用法是以動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)的形式出現(xiàn)的,所以同學(xué)們也已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了“to do”的固定搭配。對(duì)于一些如walk to me, to the left等介詞to表方向等常見(jiàn)用法一般也不會(huì)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤。但是對(duì)于與動(dòng)詞搭配的介詞to就會(huì)經(jīng)常犯錯(cuò):

  More and more students have taken to depend on their parents to make decision for them。

  這里的‘take to’ means ‘to begin to do sth as a habit’其中‘to’為介詞,所以后面只能接名詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞,如動(dòng)名詞。所以句中depend on 應(yīng)改為“depending on”?!皌ake to”的另一個(gè)常用用法也需要牢記:

  He hasn’t taken to his new school. (這里‘take to’ means ‘to start liking sb or sth’)

  Prefer A to B中的“to”也是介詞,會(huì)有prefer doing sth to doing sth/ prefer sth to sth else,另外,“prefer to do sth rather than do sth”中的“to”可是真正的不定式符號(hào)。

  3)..compare與contrast的誤用。我們先從兩者的定義入手來(lái)看兩者的區(qū)別。 Compare的定義為:to examine people or things to see how they are similar or different. Contrast的定義為:to compare two or more things to show the difference between them。由定義不難看出前者側(cè)重于找到兩個(gè)或多個(gè)事物的異同,而后者則側(cè)重于它們的不同??磦€(gè)例句:

  It is interesting to compare their situations to ours./It is interesting to contrast their situations to ours。

  前一句翻譯為:對(duì)比一下我們的情況與他們的情況會(huì)很有趣。后一句的翻譯為:我們的情況與他們的情況有很大的不同,這很有趣。

  再看一個(gè)引自O(shè)XFORD ADBANCED LEARNER’S DICTIONARY的例子:

  There is an obvious contrast between the culture of East and West。

  The company lost million in contrast to a profit of .2 million a year earlier。

  When you look at their new system, ours seems very old-fashioned by contrast。


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