16種時態(tài)的用法口訣_英語的16種時態(tài)用法(3)
16種時態(tài)的用法口訣_英語的16種時態(tài)用法
9. 一般將來時
用法:A) 基本結(jié)構(gòu)是will / shall do。
例:We shall send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift.(我們將送給她一個玻璃的手工制品,作為給她的生日禮物。)
B) 有些動詞,如:arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等,用于一般進行時,并且通常與一個表示將來時間的時間狀語連用,可以表示將來時。
例:My mother is coming to visit me next week and is staying here until May.(我媽媽下周將來看我,并會呆到5月。)
C) 表示“打算去……,要……”時,可用be going to do。
例:This is just what I am going to say.(這正是我想說的。)
D) 表示“即將、正要”時,可用be about to do。強調(diào)近期內(nèi)或馬上要做的事。
例:Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.(別擔(dān)心,我馬上就給你做一次仔細的檢查。)
E) "be to do"的5種用法:
a) 表示“按計劃、安排即將發(fā)生某事或打算做某事”。
例:She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.(星期一你準會在實驗室見到她。)
b) 該做或不該做的事情(語氣上接近于should, must, ought to, have to),表示一種命令、規(guī)勸性語氣。
例:You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids. Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.(孩子們,你們必須 上床睡覺,不準吵鬧。我們的客人5分鐘之內(nèi)就要到了。)
c) 能或不能發(fā)生的事情(接近can, may)
例:How am I to pay such a debt?(我怎么可能還得起這么大的一筆債呢?)
d) 不可避免將要發(fā)生的事情,后來將要發(fā)生的事情。
例:I assure you that the matter _______ as quickly as possible. Have a little patience.
A. will be attended B. will be attended to
C. is attended D. is attended to
will be attended to關(guān)鍵的一點是:attend表示“處理,解決”時是不及物動詞,必須與to連用。另外,從上下文看,事情顯然尚未解決,所以應(yīng)該用將來時的被動語態(tài)。答案是B。
e) 用于條件從句“如果……想,設(shè)想”(接近if ……want to,或if ……should)
例:Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage ____________ avoided.
A) is to be B) can be C) will be D) has been
答案是A) is to be。全句的意思是:“如果要避免食品短缺,就必須作出更大努力來增加農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)量。”
F) 同樣可以表示“正要、將要”的意思的句型是be on the point of doing。
例:The coach is on the point of giving up the game because our team has been scored 7 points.(教練想要放棄這場比賽了,因為對方已經(jīng)射進了7個球。)
例:I was _______ the point of telephoning him when his letter arrived.
A) in B) to C) at D) on
答案是D)。on the point of doing 是固定詞組,意思是“正要、打算”。全句的意思是:“當他的信到的時候我正要打電話給他。”
注意事項:在以if, when, as long as, as soon as, after, before, in case, until, unless等連詞以及具有連詞作用的副詞(immediately, the moment, directly)等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句,一般用現(xiàn)在時代替將來時。強調(diào)延續(xù)性或動態(tài)時,可用完成時。
例:I hope his health will have improved by the time you come back next year.(我希望到明年你回來的時候,他的身體已經(jīng)好多了。)
10. 將來進行時(will be doing)
用法:強調(diào)在將來的某個具體時間正在發(fā)生的動作或事情。
例:Don't worry, you won't miss her. She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.(別擔(dān)心,你不會認不出她的。她到時會穿一件紅色的T恤衫和一條白色的短裙。)
注意事項:由于本時態(tài)是由將來時和進行時融合在一起的,所以關(guān)于本時態(tài)的注意事項,可參考"一般將來時"和"現(xiàn)在進行時"的有關(guān)注意事項。
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