人教版英語(yǔ)必修一unit2知識(shí)點(diǎn)
小編今天給大家?guī)?lái)的是有關(guān)于人教版英語(yǔ)必修一unit2知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及練習(xí)，各位同學(xué)可以認(rèn)真看一看哦。
?、? ?？紗卧~必背
1.native adj.本國(guó)的;本地的 n.本地人;本國(guó)人
The tiger is native to India. 這種虎原產(chǎn)于印度。
Are you a native，or just a visitor? 你是本地人還是外來(lái)人?
[快速閃記](méi)
be native to 原產(chǎn)于，土生土長(zhǎng)的
2.base vt. 以……為根據(jù) n.基部;基地;基礎(chǔ)
One should always base his opinion on facts.
一個(gè)人應(yīng)該始終以事實(shí)為依據(jù)發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)。
[快速閃記](méi)
base sth on/upon... 把……以……為基礎(chǔ)/根據(jù)
base sth in/at 把(總部，基地)設(shè)在……
be based on/upon 以……為基礎(chǔ)
at the base of 在……的底部;在……的基點(diǎn)
3.gradual adj.逐漸的;逐步的
The doctor noticed a gradual improvement in his patient.醫(yī)生注意到病人在逐漸恢復(fù)健康。
[快速閃記](méi)
gradually adv. 逐漸地;逐步地
4.latter adj.較后的;后半的;(兩者中)后者的
He'll go to school in the latter part of the year.
后半年他將上學(xué)了。
This latter point is of great importance.
這后一個(gè)論點(diǎn)是非常重要的。
5.fluent adj.流利的;流暢的
She is fluent in five languages.她通曉五種語(yǔ)言。
[快速閃記](méi)
fluently adv. 流利地;流暢地
6.frequent adj.頻繁的;常見(jiàn)的
She was a fairly frequent visitor to the house.
她算是這家的常客。
[快速閃記](méi)
frequently adv. 常常;頻繁地
7.command n.& vt.命令;指令;掌握
He has a hundred men under his command.
他指揮一百個(gè)人。
He commanded that I (should) complete my project ahead of time.他命令我提前完成我的項(xiàng)目。
[快速閃記](méi)
(1)have a good command of精通(語(yǔ)言等)
under the command of sb =under sb's command
由……指揮;由……控制
take command of控制……
(2)command that sb (should) do sth 命令某人做某事
command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事
8.request n.& vt.請(qǐng)求;要求
I request that you (should) come here early.
我要求你早些來(lái)。
You are requested not to smoke in the theatre.
請(qǐng)不要在劇院里吸煙。
[快速閃記](méi)
(1)make a request for請(qǐng)求;要求
at sb's request=at the request of sb 應(yīng)某人的請(qǐng)求、要求
by request應(yīng)……的請(qǐng)求，應(yīng)邀
(2)request sb to do sth 要求某人做某事
request sth from sb (正式或禮貌地)向某人請(qǐng)求或要求某物
注意：request后跟賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should可省略。
9.recognize vt.辨認(rèn)出;承認(rèn);公認(rèn)
We all recognized him to be/as a wise leader.
我們都承認(rèn)他是一位英明的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。
[快速閃記](méi)
(1)recognize sb as/to be...承認(rèn)某人是……
recognize sth (as sth)承認(rèn);意識(shí)到……
recognize sb by...通過(guò)……認(rèn)出某人
(2) recognition n.承認(rèn);認(rèn)出
10.straight adv.直接;挺直 adj.直的;筆直的;正直的
There is a straight line under the sentence.
句子下面有一條直線。
He went straight from school to university.
他中學(xué)一畢業(yè)就馬上進(jìn)了大學(xué)。
Ⅱ. 高頻短語(yǔ)必會(huì)
1.because of 因?yàn)?由于
Because it was raining outside，we had to stay at home.
由于外面在下雨，我們只好呆在家里。
[快速閃記](méi)
(1)because of為介詞短語(yǔ)，后接n./pron./v.-ing/what從句等作賓語(yǔ)。
(2)because是從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
2.come up走近;上來(lái);提出
The sky was dark blue when the moon came up.
月亮出來(lái)時(shí)天空是深藍(lán)色的。
A new suggestion came up at the meeting.
會(huì)上提出了一個(gè)新建議。
[快速閃記](méi)
come up with提出
come about發(fā)生(常與how連用)
come out開(kāi)花;出版，發(fā)表;罷工
come to共計(jì)，總計(jì);(總數(shù))達(dá)到
come along到達(dá);跟著來(lái)
注意：come up被提及，其主語(yǔ)是被提出的內(nèi)容，主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義;come up with提出，其主語(yǔ)是提出動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，后面的賓語(yǔ)才是被提出的內(nèi)容。
3.at present 現(xiàn)在;目前
Affairs at present are very unsettled.
目前的事態(tài)很不穩(wěn)定。
4.make use of 利用;使用
We could make better use of our resources.
我們可以更有效地利用我們的資源。
[快速閃記](méi)
make good/full/little use of好好/充分/不充分利用
make the best/most of充分利用
5.play a part (in) 扮演一個(gè)角色;參與
He played an important part in carrying through the whole plan.他在完成整個(gè)計(jì)劃中起著重要的作用。
[快速閃記](méi)
play the part/role of扮演……的角色
take (an active) part in (積極)參加
6.more...than...比……更……，與其說(shuō)……倒不如說(shuō)……
He is more lucky than clever.
與其說(shuō)他聰明，不如說(shuō)他幸運(yùn)。
[快速閃記](méi)
more than one+單數(shù)名詞，意為“不止一個(gè)……”，在語(yǔ)意上雖為復(fù)數(shù)，但作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
7.believe it or not信不信由你 (常用作插入語(yǔ)，也叫獨(dú)立成分)
Believe it or not，I'm feeling quite homesick.
信不信由你，反正我覺(jué)得非常想家。
?、? 寫(xiě)作句式必學(xué)
1.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.
以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人能夠互相理解，即便他們說(shuō)的不是同一種英語(yǔ)。
2.It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.
當(dāng)時(shí)的英語(yǔ)更多地是以德語(yǔ)為基礎(chǔ)，而我們現(xiàn)在所說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)則不是。
3.Do you know that there is more than one kind of English?
你知道有不止一種英語(yǔ)嗎?
4.So by the 1600's Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.
所以到17世紀(jì)，莎士比亞所用的詞匯量比以前任何時(shí)期都多。
5.At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.
起初大約在公元450年和公元1150年間，英國(guó)人所說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)與人們現(xiàn)在所說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)很不一樣。
6.As we know，British English is a little different from American English.
眾所周知，英式英語(yǔ)與美式英語(yǔ)有所不同。
7.Believe it or not，there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你，(世界上)沒(méi)有什么標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ)。
8.This is because in the early days of radio，those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.
這是因?yàn)樵跓o(wú)線電初期，對(duì)新聞播音員的要求是講一口極好的英語(yǔ)。
9.However，on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.
但是，從電視和收音機(jī)上，你會(huì)聽(tīng)到人們不同的說(shuō)話方式。
10.So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect as people in the northwestern USA.
所以來(lái)自美國(guó)東南部山區(qū)的人和來(lái)自美國(guó)西北部的人幾乎說(shuō)著同樣的方言。
Ⅳ. 核心詞匯集中串記
短文語(yǔ)法填空，然后背誦短文，熟記本單元的重點(diǎn)詞匯。
Different Kinds of English in Different Countries
Voyages of people from England play an important part in __1__(spread) the English language.At present，English __2__(be) frequently spoken as an official or common language in many countries，such __3__ America，Singapore，Malaysia and some African countries.All __4__(base) on British English，the English spoken in these countries can be well understood by native English speakers.But __5__(actual)，these kinds of English have been gradually changing in accents，spellings，__6__(express) and the usage of vocabulary.
Because of this fact，you can make use of the differences __7__(tell) which country the foreigners of your block are from.For example，__8__ a boss fluently commands his driver，“Come up straight to my apartment by elevator and take some gas for my trucks and cabs”，instead of requesting，“Please come to my flat by lift __9__ take some petrol for my lorries and taxis”，you can recognize __10__(he) American identity，while the latter suggests that he is British.
【參考答案】
1.spreading 2. is 3. as 4. based 5. actually 6.expressions 7. to tell 8. if/when 9. and 10. his
Unit2 English around the world單元練習(xí)
?、? 單句語(yǔ)法填空
1.With our knowledge __based__(base) on practice, we can make great contributions to our country.
解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處是with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，our knowledge與base構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故填過(guò)去分詞。
2.Oprah(奧普拉), the queen of American daytime talk TV, __is_recognized__(recognize) as one of the most powerful women in the world.
解析：考查固定句式。be recognized as...被公認(rèn)是……。
3.Though they found the road __blocked__(block), they decided to move on.
解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。block與road構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故填過(guò)去分詞。
4.Although this is the first time that the plan __has_come__(come) up at the meeting, it has caused much concern.
解析：考查固定句式。It is the first time that...句型中that從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
5.According to the rules of the hotel, guests __are_requested__(request) to vacate their rooms by noon on one day of departure.
解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。規(guī)章制度用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，再由句意可知，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
6.The manager gave his command that measures __(should)_be_taken__(take) immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing.
解析：考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。command所接名詞性從句中應(yīng)用“(should+)動(dòng)詞原形”的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。再由句意可知，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
7.She was __more_worried__(worry) than angry when her daughter didn't come home.
解析：考查固定句式。more...than...與其……不如……。
8.I think in English study it is your attitude, not your teachers that __plays__(play) the key role.
解析：考查主謂一致。該句是一個(gè)含強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的句子;被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是句子的主語(yǔ)部分，其真正主語(yǔ)是your attitude，故填單數(shù)第三人稱形式。
9.With so many people __communicating__(communicate) in English every day, we can see that it will be more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.
解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。該with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，people與 communicate之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故填communicating。
10.In Japan some firms even monitor whether their employees smile __frequently__(frequent) enough at customers.
解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾動(dòng)詞smile應(yīng)用副詞。
11.Sorry, I have no time left now.Can we discuss the matter __over__ supper?
解析：考查介詞。句意：對(duì)不起，我現(xiàn)在沒(méi)空。我們吃晚飯時(shí)討論這件事，好嗎?由句意可知，填over，意為“在……期間”相當(dāng)于during。
12.The boss insisted that every minute __(should)be__(be) made full use of __to_do__(do) the work well.
解析：句意：為了做好工作，老板要求應(yīng)該充分利用每分鐘。insist后所接的賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)該使用should+動(dòng)詞原形，且should可以省略;不定式to do the work well在句中作目的狀語(yǔ)。
13.Marco Polo is said to have sailed on __the__ Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in __the__ thirteenth century.
解析：本題考查冠詞。句意：據(jù)說(shuō)馬可·波羅在十三世紀(jì)去爪哇的路上在太平洋上航行過(guò)。在表示“江河湖海山脈群島”的名詞前加定冠詞the;在世紀(jì)表達(dá)法中的序數(shù)詞前面要用定冠詞the。
14.The film star wears sunglasses.Therefore, he can go shopping without __being_recognized__(recognize).
解析：本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：那位影星戴著墨鏡，因此他可以在沒(méi)人認(rèn)出的情況下購(gòu)物了。without為介詞，后面接動(dòng)名詞形式;the film star與recognize之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式，即“being done”結(jié)構(gòu)。
15.The school isn't the one I really wanted to go to, but I suppose I'll just have to make __the__ best of it.
解析：句意：這個(gè)學(xué)校不是我真正想去的，但是我認(rèn)為我不得不充分利用它了。make the best of充分利用，妥善處理。
?、? 完成句子
根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和漢語(yǔ)提示完成下列英語(yǔ)句子。
1.__Believe__ __it__ __or__ __not__ (信不信由你), there was a time when my son was crazy about computer games.
2.Having discussed the problem all afternoon, they finally __came__ __up__ __with__ (提出) a solution to it.
3.It is __because__ __of__(因?yàn)? education that the life of many people has been enriched.
4.Mobile phones __play__ __a__ __very__ __important__ __role__ __in__(起著重要的作用) our daily life __at__ __present__(現(xiàn)在).
5.Though she is young, she can set down a series of American cities __such__ __as__(例如) New York, Chicago, and Boston.
6.他的英語(yǔ)差。我們?yōu)槭裁床蝗退麑W(xué)英語(yǔ)呢?
His English is poor.__Why__ __don't__ __we(=Why_not)__ help him with his English?
7.他精通英語(yǔ)，這是因?yàn)樗麄兎浅ＥΦ貙W(xué)英語(yǔ)并經(jīng)常使用英語(yǔ)。
He has a good command of English.__This__ __is__ __because__ he works hard at it and uses it frequently.
8.只有充分利用時(shí)間，我們才能夠按時(shí)完成任務(wù)。
Only by __making__ __good/full__ __use__ __of__ __our__ __time__ can we finish the task on time.
9.與其說(shuō)他聰明，不如說(shuō)他幸運(yùn)。
He is more __lucky__ __than__ __clever__。
10.我覺(jué)得自食其力很重要，因?yàn)槭郎蠜](méi)有免費(fèi)午餐之類的好事兒。
I think it important to depend on yourself, because there is no __such__ thing __as__ a free lunch in the world.
?、? 單句改錯(cuò)
1.Believe it or not, there is no such a good thing as a free lunch.
__去掉such后的a__
2.The film is based on the novel written by Guo Jingming is popular among the youth.
__去掉第一個(gè)is或在其前加which或that__
3.He thought I had known the fact.But actual, I knew nothing about it.
__actual→actually__
4.Deeply sorry, I don't recognize you at first, for it has been a long time since we last met.
__don't→didn't__
5.Oil must be made full use to serve the people well.
__use后加上of__
6.A lot of advice came up with at yesterday's meeting.
__去掉with__
7.As far as I know，he was very angry because what you said just now.
__because后加上of__
8.More than one person have a good command of English in the research unit.
__have→has__
9.He requested that I must finish the task as soon as possible.
__must→should或去掉must__
10.This song is based an old folk song.
__based后加上on__
?、? 語(yǔ)篇填空
As we know, English is regarded as a global language, but the language doesn't stay the same.It has changed__1. over__ time.Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate__2. with__ each other.At first the English spoken in England was __3. based__(base) more on German than the English spoken __4. at__ present.Then the new settlers who ruled England __5. enriched__ (rich) the English language and especially its vocabulary.In 1620，some British __6. settlers__(settle) moved to America and by the 19th century the language __7. was_settled__(settle).English now is also spoken __8. as__ a foreign or second language in South Asia.From 1765 to 1947, English became the language for government and education.Today __9. the__ number of people learning English in China __10. is_increasing__(increase) rapidly.
?、? 教材原句
1.Today, __more__(many) people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.
解析：根據(jù)“than ever before”可知此處填比較級(jí)。
2.The number of people __learning__(learn) English in China __is__ (be) increasing rapidly.
解析：第一空考查分詞作定語(yǔ)，learn與people之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填learning;第二空考查主謂一致，主語(yǔ)是the number，故謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)is。
3.__Actually__(actual) all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate__with__each other.
解析：第一空考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換，此處應(yīng)填副詞;第二空考查固定用法，communicate with “與……交流”。
4.Later in the 18th century some British people __were_taken__(take) to Australia too.
解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。people與take之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)in the 18th century，可知填were taken。
5.__In__fact, China may have __the__ largest number of English learners.
解析：第一空為固定用法“事實(shí)上”;第二空考查最高級(jí)與the連用。
6.People from England made voyages __to_conquer__(conquer) other parts of the world and because __of__ that, English began to be spoken in many other countries.
解析：第一空為不定式作目的狀語(yǔ);第二空為固定用法。
7.The USA is a large country __where__ many different dialects are spoken.
解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。從句中不缺主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)填關(guān)系副詞，且先行詞表地點(diǎn)，故填where。
8.Many people believe the English __spoken__(speak) on TV and the radio is standard English.
解析：考查分詞作定語(yǔ)。speak與English之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填spoken。
Ⅵ. 話題寫(xiě)作
用本單元所學(xué)知識(shí)完成下列句子，并按照邏輯連成短文。
1.現(xiàn)在，英語(yǔ)在我們的生活中所起的作用越來(lái)越重要。
Nowadays，English__is_playing_a_more_and_more_important_part__in our lives.
2.因?yàn)檫@一點(diǎn)，很多人正在努力學(xué)英語(yǔ)。
__Because_of__this，many people are learning English hard.
3.我們肯定會(huì)在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中遇到很多問(wèn)題，如詞匯、語(yǔ)法等。
We must have__come_across__many problems in learning English，__such_as__vocabulary and grammar.
4.很多人提出了不同的方法來(lái)處理它們，比如學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)應(yīng)該以我們的課本為基礎(chǔ);我們應(yīng)該充分利用每一分鐘多讀等。
Many people__come_up_with__different methods to deal with them，__for_example__，learning English should__be_based_on__our textbooks，and we should__make full use of__every minute to read more.
5.逐漸地你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你已經(jīng)愛(ài)上了英語(yǔ)。
__Gradually__，you will find you have fallen in love with English.
6.只有用這種方法我們才能精通英語(yǔ)。
Only in this way can we __have_a_good_command_of_English__.
組篇公式：句4改為被動(dòng)句+適當(dāng)加入過(guò)渡詞。
【參考答案】
Nowadays, English is playing a more and more important part in our lives.And because of this, many people are learning English hard.
We must have come across many problems in learning English, such as vocabulary and grammar.To deal with them, many people come up with different methods, for example，learning English should be based on our textbooks, and every minute should be made full use of to read more.Gradually, you will find you have fallen in love with English.Only in this way can we have a good command of English.