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托福寫(xiě)作中巧用分詞的3種方法

時(shí)間: 騰宇1219 分享

  建議托福寫(xiě)作目標(biāo)沖7的考生,重點(diǎn)掌握分詞結(jié)構(gòu)代替定語(yǔ)從句的用法。要寫(xiě)出變化的句式,需在熟練掌握各種句型的同時(shí),做到活學(xué)活用融匯貫通,并非易事。希望大家平時(shí)認(rèn)真打好好語(yǔ)法和詞匯的基本功,多開(kāi)口勤動(dòng)筆,在實(shí)踐中學(xué)習(xí)。下面是小編給大家?guī)?lái)的托福寫(xiě)作中巧用分詞的3種方法,希望能幫到大家!

  托福寫(xiě)作中巧用分詞的3種方法

  托福寫(xiě)作怎么慎用巧用分詞一:

  用分詞替換定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)就是定語(yǔ)從句前的先行詞。

  如現(xiàn)在分詞:We stood on the bridge connecting the two halves of the building. (... the bridge which connects/connected the two halves...)前一句中的分詞connecting的邏輯主語(yǔ)是the bridge,和后一句中定語(yǔ)從句先行詞the bridge, 兩者一致。

  試比較:The man who Tim is meeting for lunch is from Taiwan.此句的定語(yǔ)從句who Tim is meeting for lunch不可用分詞結(jié)構(gòu)替換,即絕不能改成:The man Tim meeting for lunch is from Taiwan. 因?yàn)榉衷~meeting的邏輯主語(yǔ)并不是定語(yǔ)從句先行詞the man,而是Tim,所以這是完全錯(cuò)誤的說(shuō)法。

  又如過(guò)去分詞:The issue that club members are being asked to vote on at tonight’s meeting is that of a fee increase. 絕不可改成:The issue club members being asked to vote on at tonight’s meeting is that of a fee increase.分詞being asked的邏輯主語(yǔ)是club members,并不是定語(yǔ)從句先行詞the issue。

  托福寫(xiě)作怎么慎用巧用分詞二:表因果

  表因果,即當(dāng)分詞所指行為或事件引發(fā)了主句所指的事件或行為,可以替換定語(yǔ)從句。

  比較:A. The snow which fell overnight has turned to ice. (不可改為T(mén)he snow falling overnight...)只表先后,不表因果

  B. The snow which fell overnight has caused traffic chaos. (可以用分詞The snow falling overnight has caused traffic chaos.)又先后,表因果。

  托福寫(xiě)作怎么慎用巧用分詞三:用分詞時(shí),不表動(dòng)作先后,表伴隨狀態(tài)

  用分詞時(shí),不表動(dòng)作先后,表伴隨狀態(tài)。如: The girl who fell over on the ice broke her arm. (不可改成The girl falling over on the ice broke her arm.)瞬間性行為動(dòng)詞fell over 和broke 有先后。 比較:I pulled off sheets which covered the furniture. 表狀態(tài)伴隨的動(dòng)詞cover,替換成分詞....sheets covering the furniture.

  托福寫(xiě)作怎么慎用巧用分詞四:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞做謂語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句,不可用分詞替換

  情態(tài)動(dòng)詞做謂語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句,不可用分詞替換。如:There are a number of people who should be asked.

  托福寫(xiě)作主題詞匯總

  1、環(huán)境類

  white pollute 白色污染

  sustainable development 可持續(xù)發(fā)展

  ecosystem 生態(tài)系統(tǒng)

  environmental pollution 環(huán)境污染

  over-fishing (overgrazing) 過(guò)度捕撈(過(guò)度放牧)

  sandstorm 沙塵暴

  resource exhaustion 資源枯竭

  water and soil conservation 水土保持

  soilerosion 土壤流失

  clear-cutting (deforestation) 濫砍濫伐

  desertification 沙漠化

  conserve natural resources 保護(hù)自然資源

  shortage of freshwater 淡水短缺

  disruption of ecological balance 生態(tài)失衡

  natural preservation zone 自然保護(hù)區(qū)

  2、教育話題類

  the craze for graduate school 考研熱

  surf the internet 網(wǎng)上沖浪

  cyberspace 網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間

  inter-disciplinary talent 復(fù)合型人才

  assignment of graduates 畢業(yè)生分配

  netfriend 網(wǎng)友

  examination-oriented education 應(yīng)試教育

  teach students according to their aptitude 因材施教

  quality-oriented education 素質(zhì)教育

  compulsory education 義務(wù)教育

  internet bar 網(wǎng)吧

  adult (continuing) education 成人教育

  distance education 遠(yuǎn)程教育

  campus culture 校園文化

  two-way selection 雙向選擇

  work-study program 勤工儉學(xué)

  double degree 雙學(xué)位

  non-resident student 走讀生

  resident student 寄宿生

  extra curricular activities 課外活動(dòng)

  self-taught examination 自學(xué)考試

  become well-educated through self-study 自學(xué)成才

  to reduce study load 學(xué)生減負(fù)

  web-addiction 沉湎于上網(wǎng)

  3、社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)類

  Project Hope 希望工程

  information revolution 信息革命

  jerry-built projects 豆腐渣工程

  population explosion 人口爆炸

  epidemic disease 傳染病

  drop out students 失學(xué)兒童

  laid-off worker 下崗工人

  reemployment project 再就業(yè)工程

  clone technology 克隆技術(shù)

  migrate laborer 民工

  crack down on counterfeit goods/fake products 打假

  devalue 貶值

  expand domestic demand 擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需

  state-owned enterprise 國(guó)有企業(yè)

  deflation 通貨緊縮

  inflation 通貨膨脹

  rechargeable card 沖值卡

  Smooth Traffic Project 暢通工程

  anti-fake label 防偽標(biāo)志

  poverty alleviation 扶貧

  infrastructure construction 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施

  vicious circle 惡性循環(huán)

  gender discrimination 性別歧視

  psychological quality 心理素質(zhì)

  pattern of consumption 消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)

  consumers' association 消費(fèi)者協(xié)會(huì)

  green food 綠色食品

  money worship 拜金主意

  Olympic committee 奧委會(huì)

  host city 舉辦城市

  bid for Olympic 申辦奧運(yùn)會(huì)

  4、經(jīng)濟(jì)文化類

  regional protectionism 地方保護(hù)主義

  tax evasion 偷稅漏稅

  purchasing power 購(gòu)買(mǎi)力

  cyber economy 網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)濟(jì)

  personal income tax 個(gè)人所得稅

  risk investment 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資

  after sale service 售后服務(wù)

  stock exchange 股票交易

  booming/thriving/prosperity 繁榮

  decline/recession/depression 萎縮/衰退/蕭條

  5、科技發(fā)展類

  broadband networks 寬帶網(wǎng)

  multimedia 多媒體

  hacker 黑客

  e-business 電子商務(wù)

  pirated software 盜版軟件

  pseudo-science/superstition 迷信

  computer virus 電腦病毒

  on-line shopping 網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物

  get/surfon-line 上網(wǎng)

  test-tube baby 試管嬰兒

  Orbital Station 空間站

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