高考英語:?jiǎn)芜x題的15個(gè)通用技巧,新課標(biāo)高考英語書面表達(dá)招募啟事類范例
高考英語書面表達(dá)在一些地區(qū)卷中比較注重關(guān)注熱點(diǎn),今年應(yīng)該說環(huán)保(霧霾低碳生活等仍然是關(guān)注的一個(gè)熱點(diǎn)),下面總結(jié)基本表達(dá)方式,舉一些書面表達(dá)環(huán)保類例子,僅供考生參考,歡迎大家閱讀!
高考英語備考:搞定單選題的15個(gè)通用技巧
1. 找準(zhǔn)關(guān)鍵詞語
有時(shí)題干中帶有對(duì)解題起著關(guān)鍵作用的詞語,如果能迅速找準(zhǔn)這些詞語,再結(jié)合各選項(xiàng)的意義和特點(diǎn),就能很快選出正確答案。例如:
The Foreign Minister said, _______ our hope that the two sideswill work towards peace.
A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is
解析:在名詞性從句中,that既無詞義,也不作句子成分,連接一個(gè)句子成分完整的陳述句。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu),特別是that的暗示,可判斷題干為一個(gè)含有主語從句的復(fù)合句,句首的it為形式主語,真正的主語為其后的that從句,故最佳答案為D。
2. 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)
有些試題的考點(diǎn)本來十分簡(jiǎn)單,但命題者卻通過使用定語從句,或者將我們熟悉的固定詞組有意拆分,重新組合,使我們?cè)诮Y(jié)構(gòu)上產(chǎn)生錯(cuò)覺,出現(xiàn)迷惑。這時(shí),我們只要保持清醒的頭腦,仔細(xì)分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu),就會(huì)撥開迷霧。例如:
We keep in touch _____ writing often。
A. with B. of C. on D. by
解析:許多同學(xué)根據(jù) keep in touch with(與....。.保持聯(lián)系)這一搭配推斷出此題應(yīng)選A。但是選A錯(cuò)了,因?yàn)樘状舜钆浯司湟馑疾煌?,正確答案應(yīng)是D,by 表示方式,bywriting 意為通過寫信,全句意為我們通過經(jīng)常寫信保持聯(lián)系。請(qǐng)?jiān)倏磧衫?/p>
(1) Weve talked a lot _____ cars. What about trains?
A. of B. with C. about D. in
解析:由于受 a lot of 這一常用結(jié)構(gòu)的影響,許多同學(xué)毫不猶豫地選了A,但是錯(cuò)了。原因是:若選 of,a lot of cars即為動(dòng)詞 talk 的賓語,但事實(shí)上,動(dòng)詞 talk 是不及物動(dòng)詞。正確答案是C,句中的a lot是修飾動(dòng)詞 talked的狀語,talk about才是一個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語。 全句意為我們對(duì)汽車已談了不少,現(xiàn)在談?wù)劵疖囋趺礃?
(2) We all regarded the poor old man ____sympathy。
A. as B. with C. of D. by
解析:許多同學(xué)一看到句中的 regard 和選項(xiàng)中的 as,馬上就聯(lián)想到 regard ... as..(把....看作....)這一搭配,從而斷定此題應(yīng)選A。錯(cuò)了,原因是將此搭配套入原句,句子意思不通。正確答案是B,句意為我們大家都很同 情這位老人。
3. 適當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)換句式
有時(shí)將題干的句式轉(zhuǎn)換成自己更熟悉的句式,就很容易選出正確答案。比如將疑問句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、感嘆句或倒裝句改為陳述句,將被動(dòng)句改為主動(dòng)句,無序句調(diào)整為正常句。例如:
-Mr. Wang, whom would you rather _____ the important meeting?
-Tom。
A. have attend B. have attended
C. having attend D. have to attend
解析: 若將疑問句改為陳述句,就是I would rather have Tom attend the important meeting. 其中would rather后必須接動(dòng)詞原形,have sb. dosth。是要某人做某事。所以選A。
4. 補(bǔ)全省略成分
口語中常常會(huì)使用一些省略句,做題時(shí)若將被省略的成分補(bǔ)充完整,答案就會(huì)一目了然。例如:
-What do you think made Mary so upset?
- _____ her new bike。
A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing
解析:將答句補(bǔ)全,就是 _____ her new bike made Mary soupset,顯然,只能選C,用動(dòng)名詞短語作主語。
5. 刪除干擾部分
就是將起干擾作用的定語從句、介詞短語或插入語,如I think / suppose / believe, do you think /suppose / believe, you know, of course等刪除,從而更容易地選出正確答案。例如:
It is the ability to do the job _______matters not where you come from or what you are。
A. one B. that C. what D. it
解析:去掉題干中的not where you come from or what you are,題干即為是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句:Theability to do the job matters. 把主語The ability放在強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中,即變?yōu)轭}干,顯然最佳答案為B。
6. 利用對(duì)稱結(jié)構(gòu)
就是在做題過程中要善于利用and,but等并列連詞。若前面是個(gè)句子,后面也必定是個(gè)句子,反之亦然;若連接的是幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞,這幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞也必定是同一時(shí)態(tài)或同一形式。例如:
-English has a large vocabulary, hasnt it?
-Yes. _____ more words and expressions and you will find it easierto read and communicate。
A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known
解析:因?yàn)榈诙€(gè)and后面是一個(gè)句子,所以前面也必定是一個(gè)句子,但前面這個(gè)句子沒有主語,只能選用動(dòng)詞原形,構(gòu)成一個(gè)祈使句,因此,正確答案是A。又如:
On Saturday afternoon, Mrs. Green went to the market, _______ some bananas and visited her cousin。
A. bought B. buying C. to buy D. buy
解析:因?yàn)閍nd后面是過去式visited,前面也必定是動(dòng)詞的過去式,所以正確答案是A。
7. 注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)
標(biāo)點(diǎn)有時(shí)對(duì)我們做題有提示作用,不同的標(biāo)點(diǎn)可能導(dǎo)致選不同的答案,同學(xué)們做題時(shí),一定要小心。例如:
There are eight tips in Dr. Rogers lecture on sleep, and one ofthem is:_____to bed early unless you think it is necessary。
A. doesnt go B. not to go C. not going D. dont go
解析:此題很容易選B,認(rèn)為是用不定式作表語。其實(shí),冒號(hào)已經(jīng)表明后面是Dr.Roger講的原話,這原話應(yīng)當(dāng)是個(gè)句子,只有選D才構(gòu)成一個(gè)否定形式的祈使句。
8. 熟記固定搭配
在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中注意積累一些常見的固定句式、動(dòng)詞與副詞的搭配、名詞與形容詞的搭配等等,對(duì)做題十分有利。例如:
Mr. Smith used to smoke _______ but he has given it up。
A. seriously B. heavily C. badly D. hardly
解析:因?yàn)橹笩煱a或酒癮很重,要用heavy或heavily,所以要選B。此外,雨雪下得大、煙霧濃、交通擁擠、波濤洶涌等,也用heavy。
9. 排除思維定勢(shì)
有些試題的題干,看上去好像就是固定搭配,我們高興地完成后,自以為十分有把握,結(jié)果卻做錯(cuò)了。所以當(dāng)我們?cè)绞怯龅绞质煜さ乃^固定搭配時(shí),越要從句子結(jié)構(gòu)上或者句子意思上仔細(xì)分析,以免步入命題人設(shè)計(jì)的陷阱。例如:
Charles Babbage is generally considered ______ the first computer。
A. to invent B. inventing
C. to have invented D. having invented
解析:考生頭腦中有considerdoing這一思維定勢(shì),易誤選D,而題干用了被動(dòng)語態(tài),為動(dòng)詞不定式作主語補(bǔ)足語的結(jié)構(gòu)。因不定式動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前,用了不定式的完成式,故最佳答案為C。
10. 檢查有無謂語
有時(shí)看似有兩個(gè)句子,于是就選連詞,正好掉進(jìn)命題人設(shè)計(jì)的陷阱。事實(shí)上,有時(shí)貌似句子的句子卻沒有謂語,其中的動(dòng)詞只是一個(gè)非謂語動(dòng)詞(多為分詞)。例如:
He wrote five novels, two of _____ translated into English。
A. it B. them C. which D. that
解析:此題很容易誤選答案C,以為后面是非限制性定語從句。事實(shí)上,translated是過去分詞,而不是謂語動(dòng)詞,后面不是句子,無需連 詞,所以正確答案是B。若在translated前加上were,weretranslated就是謂語,這時(shí)就選連詞which了。
11. 查看有無連詞
若經(jīng)查實(shí),前后的確是兩個(gè)句子,就要看其中的一個(gè)分句是否已經(jīng)用了連詞。若已經(jīng)有連詞,一般不再用連詞;若還沒有用連詞,就一定要選連詞。例如:
If an excellent Chinese novel is translated into English, _____means many more people in the world can enjoy it。
A. as B. which C. what D. that
解析:因?yàn)榍熬湟呀?jīng)有連詞if,所以選答案D,that指前句所述內(nèi)容。若沒有if,就選B,which引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限制性定語從句。
12. 識(shí)別相似句型
有的句型十分相似,若不仔細(xì)分辨,明察秋毫,很容易出錯(cuò)。例如:
_____ is known to everybody, light travels much faster than sound。
A. It B. As C. That D. What
解析:此題選B,as引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限制性定語從句,先行詞是后面整個(gè)句子。若將逗號(hào)改為that,就選A,it是形式主語,that引導(dǎo)主語從句;若接著又在that前加上一個(gè)is,則應(yīng)選D,what引導(dǎo)的是主語從句,that引導(dǎo)的是表語從句。
13. 正確把握語境
有時(shí)孤立地看留空格的那個(gè)句子,好像多個(gè)答案都可以,但與上下句的意思聯(lián)系起來,就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)問題。因此,做題時(shí)一定要正確把握語境。例如:
I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with_____。
A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing
解析:此題很容易誤選B,因?yàn)檫@是個(gè)否定句。若選B,I dont agree with anything。就等于I agreewith nothing (of what you said),這就與前一分句的意思發(fā)生矛盾了。正確答案應(yīng)該是A。
14. 分析邏輯關(guān)系
根據(jù)復(fù)合句和并列句的知識(shí),句子與句子之間有著不同的邏輯關(guān)系,或是從屬關(guān)系,或是并列關(guān)系。從句子的意義和邏輯關(guān)系來看,從句可表示時(shí)間、原 因、條件、結(jié)果、目的、比較、方式等,句子之間還可以是限定關(guān)系、同位關(guān)系、并列關(guān)系、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系、讓步關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系等。分析句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系的主要依 據(jù)是句意和上下文之間的邏輯。如:
I dont mind drop in at your house when in town._____, the walk will do me good。
A. Sooner or later B. Still C. In time D. Besides
解析:根據(jù)句意,第二個(gè)分句表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系,用Besides。故最佳答案為 D。
15. 排除錯(cuò)誤答案
在比較幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)時(shí),可以先排除明顯錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng),盡而逐漸排除其他錯(cuò)誤項(xiàng),找到最佳答案。
Before the operation, the doctor had to talk to the patient inorder to remove her fear ______ she might die during the operation。
A. when B. that C. which D. so that
解析:從兩個(gè)分句之間的關(guān)系判斷,沒有因果關(guān)系,可先排除so that;由于第 2 個(gè)分句中不缺少句子成分,又排除了定語從句即選項(xiàng)A和C,只有B為最佳答案。fear之后的that引導(dǎo)同位語從句,對(duì)fear的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充和說明。
新課標(biāo)高考英語書面表達(dá)招募啟事類范例
假如你是校報(bào)負(fù)責(zé)人,現(xiàn)急需在學(xué)校內(nèi)招募一位同學(xué)任英文版的編輯,請(qǐng)你用英文以An English Editor Wanted為題,按照以下要點(diǎn)寫一則招募啟事。
寫作要點(diǎn):
1.該工作的主要內(nèi)容(編輯新聞故事,設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)題、配圖等;從投稿中選文。);
2.應(yīng)招者應(yīng)滿足的條件(熱愛編輯工作;英語和計(jì)算機(jī)能力強(qiáng);有協(xié)作意識(shí)。);
3.聯(lián)系方式:本周內(nèi)發(fā)申請(qǐng)郵件至Englishtec@qq.com。
An English Editor Wanted
The school newspaper is looking for an editor for its English edition.The job mainly involves two parts: one is editing news stories, designing headlines and arranging photographs. The other is selecting articles contributed by students and polishing them for practical use.
The following requirements are basically needed. First and foremost, its essential that the applicant should be willing to serve the students and has strong enthusiasm for newspaper editing. More importantly, students who have a good command of English and high proficiency in using the Microsoft Office soft wares are preferred. Needless to say, a good sense of cooperation is required as well.
If you are interested in the job, please send an application email at your earliest convenience to Englishtec@qq.com within this week. We are eagerly expecting your participation.
the Students Union
November 18th, 2015