八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語unit1知識(shí)點(diǎn)
英語應(yīng)該是長期堅(jiān)持的結(jié)果,每天要保證有最少半個(gè)小時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間,不管是讀還是寫。要長期堅(jiān)持。這次小編給大家整理了八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語unit1知識(shí)點(diǎn),供大家閱讀參考。
八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語unit1知識(shí)點(diǎn)
01Unit1單詞
anyone /'eniw?n/ pron.任何人
anywhere /'eniwe?(r)/ adv.任何地方
wonderful /'w?nd?fl/ adj.精彩的;絕妙的
few/ fju:/adj.&pron.不多;很少
quite a few相當(dāng)多;不少(后接可數(shù)名詞)
most /m??st/ adj.,adv.&pron.最多;大多數(shù)
something /'s?mθ??/ pron.某事;某物
nothing (=not…anything) /'n?θ??/ pron.沒有什么;沒有一件東西
everyone /'evriw?n/ pron.每人;人人;所有人
of course /?vk?:s/ 當(dāng)然;自然
myself /ma?'self/ pron.我自己;我本人
yourself /j?:'self/ pron.你自己;您自己
hen /hen/ n.母雞
pig /p?g/n.豬
seem /si:m/ vi.好像;似乎;看來
bored /b?:d/ adj.厭倦的;煩悶的
someone /'s?mw?n/ pron.某人
diary /'da??ri/ n.日記;日記簿(keep a diary)
activity /?k't?v?ti/ n.活動(dòng)
decide /d?'sa?d/ v.決定;選定(decide to do sth.)
try /tra?/ v.嘗試;設(shè)法;努力 (try to do sth. /try doing sth.)
paragliding /'p?r?ɡla?d??/ n.空中滑翔跳傘
feel like 給……的感覺;感受到
bird /b?:d/ n.鳥
bicycle /'ba?s?kl/ n.自行車;腳踏車
building /'b?ld??/ n.建筑物;房子
trader /'tre?d?(r)/ n.商人
wonder /'w?nd?(r)/ v.想知道;琢磨
difference /'d?fr?ns/ n.差別;差異
top /t?p/ n.頂部;表面
wait /we?t/ v.等待;等候(wait for)
umbrella /?m'brel?/ n.傘;雨傘
wet /wet/ adj.濕的;雨天的
because of因?yàn)?/p>
below /b?'l??/ prep.&adv.在……下面;到……下面
enough /?'n?f/ adj.足夠的(地)adv.充足的(地);充分的(地)
hungry /'h??ɡri/ adj.饑餓的
as /?z/ conj.像……一樣;如同
hill /h?l/ n.小山;山丘
duck /d?k/ n.鴨
dislike /d?s'la?k/v.&n.不喜愛(的事物);厭惡(的事物)
Central Park 中央公園(美國紐約)
HuangguoshuWarterfall /'w?:t?(r)f?:l/ 黃果樹瀑布(貴州)
HongKong /,h??'k??/,/'ha:?,ka:?/香港(中華人民共和國特別行政區(qū))
Malaysia /m?'le???/馬來西亞;
Malaysian /m?'le??n/adj.馬來西亞的;n.馬來西亞人;
Georgetown /?d??:d?ta?n/喬治市(馬來西亞)
Weld /weld/ Quay /ki:/ 海墘街
Penang /p??n??/ Hill 檳城山(馬來西亞)
Tian'anmen Square /skwe?/,/skwer/天安門廣場(chǎng)
the Palace /?p?l?s/ Museum 故宮博物院
Mark /mɑ:(r)k/馬克(男名)
02Unit1知識(shí)梳理
Unit1. Where did you go on vacation?
【重點(diǎn)短語】
1. go on vacation 去度假
2. stay at home 呆在家
3. go to the mountains 上山/進(jìn)山
4. go to the beach 到海邊去
5. visit museums 參觀博物館
6. go to the summer camp 去夏令營
7. quite a few 相當(dāng)多
8. study for為…… 學(xué)習(xí),
9. go out 出去
10. most of the time 大部分時(shí)間/絕大多數(shù)時(shí)間
11. taste good 嘗起來味道好
12. have a good time 玩的開心
13. of course 當(dāng)然可以
14. feel like 感覺像……/想要
15. go shopping 去購物
16. in the past 在過去
17. walk around 繞……走
18. too many 太多(可數(shù)名詞前面)
19. because of 因?yàn)?/p>
20. one bowl of 一碗……
21. find out 查出來/發(fā)現(xiàn)
22. go on 繼續(xù)
23. take photos 照相
24. something important 重要的事情
25. up and down 上上下下
26. come up 出來
【重點(diǎn)句型】
1. —Where did you go on vacation? 你到哪里去度假了?
—I went to New York City. 我去了紐約城。
2. —Did you go out with anyone? 你出去帶人嗎?
—No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation.
不,沒有人在這兒。大家度去度假了。
3. —Did you buy anything special? 你買了什么特別的東西嗎?
—Yes, I bought something for my father. 對(duì),我給父親買了一些東西。
4. —How was the food? 食物怎么樣?
—Everything tasted really good.每一樣?xùn)|西真的都好吃。
5. —Did everyone have a good time?大家玩的開心嗎?
—Oh, yes. Everything was excellent.對(duì),一切都很精彩。
6. There was nothing much to do in the evening but read.
晚上除了讀書以外無事可做。
03Unit1詞匯精講
1. anywhere
anywhere是副詞,意為“在任何地方”,常用在否定句或疑問句中,而在肯定句中,則多用somewhere。例如:
He can’t find his English book anywhere.
他到處找不到他的英語書。
I think he must live somewhere.
我覺得他肯定住在某個(gè)地方。
2. few
few 意為“少數(shù)的;很少的”,只修飾可數(shù)名詞,表否定含義。例如:
I can see few birds in the tree. 我?guī)缀蹩床坏綐渖嫌续B。
a few 意為“幾個(gè);少許” 相當(dāng)于several,只修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),表肯定含義。例如:
He has a few friends. 他有幾個(gè)朋友。
【拓展】
(1) little 意為“很少;一點(diǎn)兒”,用于 “量;額;價(jià)值”等概念,修飾不可數(shù)名詞,表否定含義。little還表示“小的”之意。例如:
There is little milk in the cup. 杯子里沒有牛奶了。
A little boy is coming. 一個(gè)小男孩過來了。
(2) a little 意為“有點(diǎn)兒;少量” 修飾不可數(shù)名詞,表示肯定含義。例如:
He has a little money with him. 他隨身帶了點(diǎn)兒錢。
a little也可以用作副詞,修飾形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞以及介詞短語,表示“有點(diǎn),稍稍”。例如:
He is a little tired. 他有點(diǎn)累了。
You should walk a little faster. 你應(yīng)該走快一點(diǎn)。
She was only a little over fifty years old.她才五十多一點(diǎn)。
(3) 相關(guān)短語:
quite a few = not a few 相當(dāng)多的
quite a little許多
only a little = but a little 相當(dāng)少
3. most
(1) most后可直接跟名詞(可數(shù)或不可數(shù)),同時(shí),也可接有形容詞修飾的名詞。例如:
Most boys like playing football. 大部分男孩都喜歡踢足球。
(2) most前有定冠詞時(shí),可用來修飾多音節(jié)形容詞,表示最高級(jí),意為“最”。但是,如果most前有不定冠詞a,則表示“非常;很”,相當(dāng)于very。例如:
This is the most beautiful flower. 這是最漂亮的花。
She is a most beautiful girl. 她是個(gè)非常漂亮的姑娘。
(3) most后不能直接跟有定冠詞、指示代詞或物主代詞所修飾的名詞,用most of代替most。例如:
I did most of that difficult work. 那件困難的工作絕大部分都是由我做的。
Most of the time we eat fish. 絕大部分時(shí)間我們都吃魚肉。
【拓展】
(1) almost = very nearly,指在程度上相差很少,almost可與no,none,nothing,never,nobody等表示否定意義的詞連用。例如:
I almost missed the flight.我差一點(diǎn)誤了航班。
Almost no one believed what he said.
幾乎沒人相信他的話。
(2) mostly=mainly 意為“大部分、主要地”。例如:
The students in our class are mostly from the factory.
我們班的學(xué)生主要來自這家工廠。
His stories were mostly about his travels in foreign countries.
他的故事大多是關(guān)于他在國外旅游的經(jīng)歷
4. bored
bored也是形容詞,意為“感到厭煩的”,一般用來說明人的感受。例如:
I’m bored with the book. 我對(duì)這本書厭煩了。
【拓展】
(1) boring是形容詞,意為“令人厭煩的”,一般用來說明事物的特征。例如:
The story is boring. 這個(gè)故事令人厭煩。
(2) 英語中,帶-ing的形容詞,用來形容事物,指某事物的性質(zhì)、特征,意為“令人……的”“讓人……的”,常用事物作主語或作定語修飾物。而帶-ed的是用來形容人的,意為“感到……的”“使人……的”,其主語是人,類似的詞有:
exciting 令人興奮的 excited (人)感到興奮的
interesting 令人感興趣的 interested(人)感興趣的
moving 令人感動(dòng)的 moved(人)感動(dòng)的
tiring 令人厭倦的 tired(人)感到疲倦/累/厭煩的
5. decide
decide是動(dòng)詞,意為“決定,選定”。常見用法有:
(1) decide sth.意為“決定某事”。 例如:
I can’t decide anything at the moment.
現(xiàn)在我不能做出任何決定。
(2) decide to do sth. 意為“決定做某事”。例如:
We decide to go to Paris next month.
我們決定下個(gè)月去巴黎。
The boy decided to be a sailor. 那男孩決定做海員。
The doctors decided to operate on him for the tumor.
醫(yī)生們決定為他開刀切除腫瘤。
【拓展】
decide on…意為“由……決定;決定于……”。后面接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語。例如:
I decided on going to Beijing at last.
最后我決定去北京了。
My mother decided on the red dress.
我媽媽決定買下那件紅色的裙子。
6. enough
(1) enough作形容詞,意為“充足的,充分的,足夠的”,可作表語或定語,作定語時(shí),可放在名詞的前面或后面。例如:
The food is enough for the trip. 用于這次旅行的食物足夠了。
I have enough time to watch TV. 我有足夠的時(shí)間看電視。
(2) enough還可作副詞,意為“足夠地”,這時(shí)enough需放在所修飾的形容詞或副詞后面。例如:
The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag.
那個(gè)年輕人足夠強(qiáng)壯能搬動(dòng)重包。
【拓展】
(1) enough…to do sth. “有足夠的……做某事”。例如:
I don’t have enough time to eat lunch.
我沒有足夠的時(shí)間吃午飯。
(2) …enough to do…可以同too…to…或so…that…結(jié)構(gòu)互相轉(zhuǎn)換。例如:
He isn’t old enough to go to school.
= He is too young to go to school.
= He is so young that he can’t go to school.
他太小而不能上學(xué)。
7. seem
seem是系動(dòng)詞,意為“好像,似乎,看來”,后常接形容詞。例如:
He seems very angry. 他好像非常生氣。
【拓展】
seem的用法歸納:
(1) seem + 名詞 例如:
He seems a nice man. 他看起來是個(gè)好人。
(2) seem like…意為“好像,似乎……”。 例如:
It seemed like not a bad idea at that time.
那時(shí)這主意好像不錯(cuò)。
(3) seem to do sth. 意為“似乎、看來、好像做某事”。例如:
I seem to have left my book at home.
我好像把書忘在家里了。
(4) It seems that…或It seemed that…意為“看起來好像……,似乎……”。例如:
It seemed that he was very happy.
他看上去好像很高興。
(5) seem to be + 形容詞或名詞 例如:
She seems to be happy. 她看起來很高興。
8. try
try to do sth. 意為“設(shè)法去做某事,盡量去做某事”,其否定形式為try not to do sth.。例如:
Try not to be late again. 盡量別再遲到了。
Try to get here in two hours. 盡量在兩小時(shí)之內(nèi)到達(dá)。
【拓展】
(1) try doing sth. 意為“試著做某事”,強(qiáng)調(diào)嘗試做某事。例如:
You should try eating more vegetables.
你應(yīng)當(dāng)試著多吃點(diǎn)蔬菜。
(2) try one’s best to do sth. 意為“盡某人最大努力做某事”。例如:
We should try our best to finish the work on time.
我們應(yīng)該盡最大努力準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作。
(3) try 構(gòu)成的短語:
try sth. on 試穿
try out sth. 試驗(yàn)、檢驗(yàn)
have a try 試一試
try for sth. 試圖獲得某物
try one’s best 盡某人最大努力
04Unit1句式精講
1. Did you do anything special last month?
本句是一個(gè)一般過去時(shí)的一般疑問句,其中的anything special意為“任何特別的事”,special是形容詞,修飾anything。形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)要后置。例如:
Can you tell something interesting? 你能講些有趣的事情嗎?
Is there anybody important here? 這兒有大人物嗎?
Would you like something to eat? 要來些吃的東西嗎?
【拓展】復(fù)合不定代詞的用法:
(1) 復(fù)合不定代詞是由some-,any-,no-,every-加上-one,-body,-thing等所組成的不定代詞。復(fù)合不定代詞包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等十二個(gè)。這些復(fù)合代詞具有名詞性質(zhì),在句中可用作主語、賓語或表語,但不能用作定語。
(2)復(fù)合不定代詞通常被看成是單數(shù)第三人稱。當(dāng)它們充當(dāng)句子的主語時(shí),其后的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例如:
Is everyone here today? 今天,大家都到齊了嗎?
Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.
世上無難事,只怕有心人。
(3) 由some-和any-所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞(即something和anything;someone和anyone;somebody和anybody)之間的區(qū)別跟some和any的區(qū)別一樣。
1) something,someone,somebody通常用于肯定句中,而anything,anyone,anybody一般用于否定句,疑問句或條件狀語從句中。例如:
He found something strange but interesting.
他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些奇怪但卻有趣的事情。
Do you have anything to say ?你有話要說嗎?
I didn’t meet anybody on the island.
在島上,我沒遇見任何人。
2) 在表示請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)、提建議等帶有委婉語氣的疑問句,和希望得到對(duì)方肯定答復(fù)的疑問句,以及表示反問的問句中,也用something,someone,somebody等復(fù)合不定代詞。例如:
Would you like something to eat?要些吃的東西嗎?
Isn’t there something wrong with you? 難道你沒問題嗎?
3) 當(dāng)anything表示“任何事(物),無論何事(物)”,anyone,anybody表示“無論誰,任何人”等意義時(shí),它們也可以用于肯定句中。例如:
Anything is OK. 什么都行。
Anybody knows the answer.任何人都知道答案。
口訣:
不定代詞美名揚(yáng),修飾成分后邊藏;單數(shù)動(dòng)詞作謂語,何時(shí)何地都一樣。
2. Yes, I bought something for my father.
本句中用了buy sth. for sb.的句型。buy sth. for sb.意為“給某人買某物”,也可用buy sb. sth,即buy后跟雙賓語,sb. 指人是間接賓語,sth.指物是直接賓語。例如:
He bought me a present. = He bought a present for me.
他給我買了一份禮物。
【拓展】
英語中帶雙賓語的動(dòng)詞,如果把直接賓語置于間接賓語之前,必須加上to或for。常見的此種用法的動(dòng)詞分兩類:
(1) 動(dòng)詞buy; draw; make等可跟雙賓語,當(dāng)直接賓語前置時(shí),必須在間接賓語前加for,即:
buy/draw/make sth. for sb. 例如:
Mother made a pair of trousers for her son.
母親為兒子做了一條褲子。
(2) 動(dòng)詞give; pass; lend; write; show; send; hand和bring接雙賓語,當(dāng)直接賓語前置時(shí),需在間接賓語前加to構(gòu)成。即:give/ pass/ lend… sth. to sb. 例如:
I’ll send it to you. 我會(huì)把它送給你的。
【注意】上述能接雙賓語的動(dòng)詞,一般情況下兩種形式可以互換,即vt. + sb. + sth. = vt. + sth. for(to) sb.。但當(dāng)直接賓語是代詞時(shí),不論間接賓語是何種詞性,只能用vt. + sth.(代詞) + for(to) sb.
3. Everything tasted really good!
本句中的taste在此是系動(dòng)詞,意為“嘗起來”,后面接形容詞作表語。例如:
The food tastes good. 食物嘗起來很香。
【拓展】
(1) look,sound,smell,taste,feel這五個(gè)動(dòng)詞都與人的感覺有關(guān),可稱之為“感官”動(dòng)詞。
這五個(gè)動(dòng)詞均可作系動(dòng)詞,后面接形容詞作表語,說明主語所處的狀態(tài)。其意思分別為“看/聽/聞/嘗/摸起來……”。除look之外,其它幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞的主語往往是物,而不是人。例如:
The old man looks very happy. 那個(gè)老人看起來很幸福。
These flowers smell very sweet. 這些花聞起來很香。
The tomatoes feel very soft. 這些西紅柿摸起來很軟。
(2) look,sound,smell,taste,feel這些動(dòng)詞后面也可接介詞like短語,like后面常用名詞。
Her idea sounds like fun. 她的主意聽起來很有趣。
4. …because there were too many people.
too many在句中作形容詞,意為“許多,大量”,后接可數(shù)名詞。例如:
There are too many books in the room. You can choose any one to read.
房間里有太多的書了,你可以選擇任何一本來讀。
例如:
Don’t eat too much sweet. It’s bad for your teeth.
不要吃太多的糖,對(duì)牙齒不好。
It’s much too cold outside. You should put on your coat.
外面太冷了,你應(yīng)該穿上外套。
I had too much. I’m full now. 我吃的太多了,現(xiàn)在飽了。
You ask too many questions. 你問得太多了。
5. And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below.
本句中的because of 是復(fù)合介詞,其后接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、what 從句等。例如:
He lost his job because of his age.
由于年齡關(guān)系他失去了工作。
He knew she was crying because of what he had said.
他知道她哭是因?yàn)樗f的話。
【拓展】because和because of的辨析:
(1) because of和because是同義詞,都可以表示原因,但是,because后面接句子,常用來回答why的提問,一般放于主句之后,也可以單獨(dú)存在;而because of的后面用名詞、代詞或者動(dòng)名詞短語形式。例如:
I stayed at home because it rained.
因?yàn)橄掠晡掖诩依铩?/p>
Because Lingling was ill, she didn’t come to school.
玲玲因病沒有上學(xué)。
— Why is she absent? 她為什么缺席??
— Because she is sick. 因?yàn)樗×恕?/p>
We couldn’t have the sports meeting last Sunday because of the rain.
我們上個(gè)星期天沒能召開運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)是因?yàn)橄掠炅恕?/p>
英語七種句型
1.主—?jiǎng)印a(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)(SVC)。
此種結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞皆是連系動(dòng)詞。連系動(dòng)詞帶有的主語補(bǔ)語可以是名詞詞組。形容詞詞組。介詞詞組。非限定動(dòng)詞詞組或名詞性分句等。例如:
The twin are as like as two pears.
She is in good health.
It is getting dark.
The machine is out of order.
2.主—?jiǎng)?SV)結(jié)構(gòu)。
此種結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞一般是不及物動(dòng)詞,在這種句型中,狀語并非是結(jié)構(gòu)上不可或缺的成分。例如:
He lives in Shanghai.
We get up early every day.
The train leaves at eight.
They have been singing for half an hour.
3.主—?jiǎng)印e結(jié)構(gòu)(SVO)。
此種結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞都是及物動(dòng)詞,這類動(dòng)詞后面一般只跟一個(gè)賓語,因此也叫做單賓語及物動(dòng)詞(monotransitive verb),該句型一般不需狀語成分即可表達(dá)完整思想。例如:
She is reading a novel.
We have realized the importance of English.
They are watching the football match.
He opened the door.
4.主—?jiǎng)印e—賓(SVOO)結(jié)構(gòu)。
此種結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞一般只限于某些雙賓語及物動(dòng)詞(ditransitive verb),即能跟有間接賓語和直接賓語的及物動(dòng)詞。例如:
He taught us English last year.
I call him a taxi.
He gave me an English book as a birthday present.
I bought him a novel.
5.主—?jiǎng)印e—補(bǔ)(SVOC)結(jié)構(gòu)。
此種結(jié)構(gòu)中的動(dòng)詞只限于某些能帶復(fù)合賓語的及物動(dòng)詞(complex transitive verbs),即只能跟有賓語和賓語補(bǔ)語的及物動(dòng)詞。例如:
They made him captain of the team.
I find it impossible to finish the task in time.
We find the book very interesting.
We have proved the method very effective.
6.主—?jiǎng)印獱罱Y(jié)構(gòu)(SVA)。
此種結(jié)構(gòu)中的狀語不可缺。例如:
The radio is near his bed.
They are in the classroom.
A number of students are in the library.
The tape recorder is on the desk.
7.主—?jiǎng)印e狀結(jié)構(gòu)(SVOA)。
此種結(jié)構(gòu)中的狀語不可缺。例如:
She put her baby in the cradle.
They watched TV in the drawing room.
He placed the pot on the stove.
They are talking about the film at the meeting.
如何才能學(xué)好英語
1、多聽多練多寫,在剛開始學(xué)習(xí)英語時(shí),可以根據(jù)英語學(xué)習(xí)軟件中的跟讀的功能,不斷的跟讀、重復(fù),在練習(xí)的過程中找到自己的不足,然后反復(fù)練習(xí)進(jìn)行改正,從基礎(chǔ)開始把英語知識(shí)真正拿到手,不會(huì)的發(fā)音就用百度翻譯,效果很好。
2、多交流,多表達(dá),(多與人溝通可以提高英語口語表達(dá)能力,但是現(xiàn)實(shí)中沒有人陪你練英語口語,可以上網(wǎng)課解決這個(gè)問題,這個(gè)很關(guān)鍵)我當(dāng)初也是報(bào)名英語外教一對(duì)一學(xué)習(xí)英語口語的,這種教學(xué)模式的好處就在于隨時(shí)隨地都能學(xué)習(xí),方便快捷,能自主規(guī)劃學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間,外教一對(duì)一能夠塑造良好的語言環(huán)境,有利于口語學(xué)習(xí),而且針對(duì)性強(qiáng),可以針對(duì)薄弱環(huán)境進(jìn)行針對(duì)性輔導(dǎo),效果看得見,比線下好多了。
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