初二英語下冊重點(diǎn)語法
語法學(xué)習(xí)是我們解析一個(gè)英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)非常簡單的辦法,下面是小編給大家?guī)淼某醵⒄Z下冊重點(diǎn)語法,希望能夠幫助到大家!
初二英語下冊重點(diǎn)語法
一般將來時(shí)態(tài)的應(yīng)用
do/does 的一般將來時(shí)態(tài)形式:(shall/will) do
do/does 的一般將來時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài):(shall/will) be done
一般將來時(shí)態(tài)的肯定句、否定句、疑問句形式:
肯定句例句:People will have robots in a few years.
否定句例句:People (will not/won't) have robots in a few years.
一般疑問句例句:Will people have robots in a few years?
特殊疑問句例句:What will people have in a few years?
重點(diǎn)語法
過去將來時(shí)
一、過去將來時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)
should/would+動(dòng)詞原形
do/does 的過去將來時(shí)態(tài)形式:(should/would) do
do/does的過去將來時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài):(should/would) be done
過去將來時(shí)態(tài)的肯定句、否定句、疑問句形式:
肯定句例句:You should write a letter to him.
否定句例句:You shouldn't write a letter to him.
一般疑問句例句:Should I write a letter to him?
特殊疑問句例句:What should I do?
重點(diǎn)語法
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)
do/does 的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)形式:(was/were) doing
do/does 的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài):(was/were) being done
過去將來時(shí)態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式:
肯定句例句:I was walking down the street when a UFO landed.
否定句例句:I wasn't walking down the street when a UFO landed.
一般疑問句例句:Were you walking down the street when a UFO landed?
特殊疑問句例句:What were you doing when a UFO landed?
動(dòng)詞 when 和 while 的選擇:when 后加瞬間動(dòng)詞,while 后加延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。
例句:The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed.
=While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.
重點(diǎn)語法
賓語從句
結(jié)構(gòu):主語 + 謂語動(dòng)詞 + 賓語從句(主語 + 謂語動(dòng)詞 + 賓語/表語)
1、引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞
(1)that:沒有含義,在賓語從句中不做成分
(2)whether/if:表示是否,賓語從句中不做成分。
I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道這么多年后,他是否還住在這里。
(3)連接代詞:what, which, who, whom, whose(在賓語從句中做主、賓、表和定語)
連接副詞:where, when, how, why(在賓語從句中做狀語)
2、在做賓語從句的題目時(shí)應(yīng)注意時(shí)態(tài)
(1)當(dāng)主句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)時(shí),賓語從句可以根據(jù)需要使用任何時(shí)態(tài)。
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.他告訴我他姐姐昨天回來了。
(2)當(dāng)主句是過去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí),賓語從句必須是一種過去的時(shí)態(tài)。
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她問我是否知道這是誰的鋼筆。
(3)當(dāng)表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理的句子做賓語從句時(shí),任何時(shí)候都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老師說過地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。
重點(diǎn)語法
if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句
結(jié)構(gòu):主句 + if + 條件狀語從句
if + 條件狀語從句 + [(comma)] + 主句
注意:
在 if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中,主句應(yīng)用將來時(shí)態(tài),狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。
例句:You'll have a great time if you go to the party.
=If you go to the party, you'll have a great time.
重點(diǎn)語法
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)
do/does 的現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)形式:have/has been doing
do/does 的現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài):have/has been being done
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)所應(yīng)用的場合:
?、倌呈聫倪^去發(fā)生一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在都在做
②過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成影響
I have been making progress since he talked with me that time.自從那次他與我談過心后,我天天都在進(jìn)步。
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問句形式:
肯定句例句:I have been skating for five hours.
否定句例句:I haven't been skating for five hours.
一般疑問句例句:Have you been skating for five hours?
特殊疑問句例句:How long have you been skating?
重點(diǎn)語法
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)
主語 + have/has + 過去分詞 + 其他.(當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)用has,其余人稱用have.)
否定式:主語 + haven't/hasn't + 過去分詞 + 其他.
疑問式: Have /Has + 主語 + 過去分詞 + 其他?
簡略答語: Yes, 主語 + have/has.(肯定)
No, 主語 + haven't/hasn't.(否定)
二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法、定義詳細(xì)講解
1、表示過去所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情對現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果,著眼點(diǎn)在現(xiàn)在,主要強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響。
He has lost his wallet.他的錢包丟了。
We’ve had too much rain this year.今年雨水太多。
2、表示一個(gè)從過去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始,延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并可能延續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。
He has worked here for over twenty years.他在這里工作已有20多年了。
3、表示說話前發(fā)生過一次或多次的動(dòng)作,現(xiàn)在成為一種經(jīng)驗(yàn),一般譯為漢語“過”,常帶有twice, ever, never, three times等時(shí)間狀語。
I have been to Beijing twice.我去過北京兩次。
重點(diǎn)語法
反意疑問句
反意疑問句由肯定陳述句加否定問句構(gòu)成,或者由否定陳述句加肯定問句構(gòu)成。
He's a student, isn't he?
She's not his mother, is she?
回答反意疑問句時(shí),要根據(jù)事實(shí)來回答。若事實(shí)是肯定的,則必須用 yes 回答。若事實(shí)是否定的,則必須用 no 回答。
---You're not ready, are you?你還沒有準(zhǔn)備好,對吧?
---No, I'm not.是的,我沒有準(zhǔn)備好。
---Yes, I am.不,我準(zhǔn)備好了。