八年級(jí)英語期中語法點(diǎn)大全
八年級(jí)英語期中語法點(diǎn)大全
八年級(jí)英語期中語法點(diǎn)大全
could的用法
I. could表示“可以;能”，是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，其后應(yīng)加動(dòng)詞原形;
II. could是can的過去式，表示過去的“能力”;
例：I could swim ten years ago.
III. 表示可能性，既表示現(xiàn)在的可能性，也表示過去的可能性，可能性比can弱;
例：Someone is knocking at the door. Who could it be?
IV. 用于有禮貌地提出請(qǐng)求建議，或請(qǐng)求許可。
例：Could I open the door? / Could you help me out?
2. should的用法
I. should表示“應(yīng)該”，是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，其后應(yīng)加動(dòng)詞原形;
II. should用來提建議和忠告。
例：We middle school students should study hard.
III. should的否定形式為should not，可縮寫為shouldn’t。
例：We should not/ shouldn’t spend too much time playing computer.
3. 用could, should來提建議
I. 陳述句
i. could在陳述句中用來委婉地陳述看法和建議，譯為“不妨…”
例：You could turn to the teacher for help. 你不妨找老師幫忙。
ii. should在陳述句中表示比較肯定的忠告，譯為“應(yīng)該…”
例：You should turn to the teacher for help. 你應(yīng)該找老師幫忙。
II. 疑問句
i. could用來委婉表達(dá)建議或請(qǐng)求許可，肯定答語用Yes,…can./ Sure，否定答語用No,…can’t/ Sorry。
—Could you please pass me the cup?
—Yes, I can./ Sure. (No, I can’t/ Sorry. )
ii. should只用于主語為第一人稱的句子，表示征求意見或建議，語氣比could更加委婉。
—Should I sit here?
—OK.
4. 動(dòng)詞短語
動(dòng)詞短語的類型有：
I. “動(dòng)詞 + 介詞”
此類動(dòng)詞短語，作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，后面必須帶名詞或動(dòng)詞ing
常見的有：look for, look after, wait for, hear from, listen to, depend on…
例：I’m looking for a job.
II. “動(dòng)詞 + 副詞”
此類動(dòng)詞短語可以用作及物動(dòng)詞，也可用作不及物動(dòng)詞。
i. 用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后面必須帶sb./ sth.。如果sb./ sth. 是名詞，則放在動(dòng)詞之后或副詞之后均可;但如果sb./ sth.是代詞，則必須放在動(dòng)詞之后。
常見的這類短語有：cheer up, clean up, set up, put up, cut up, work out…
例：clean up the kitchen = clean the kitchen up/ clean it up
ii. 用作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，不可以帶sb./ sth.。
常見的這類短語有：start off, get up, come back, get down, get away
例：I get up early every morning.
III. “動(dòng)詞 + 副詞 + 介詞”
此類動(dòng)詞短語，作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，后面必須帶名詞或動(dòng)詞ing
常見的有：look forward to, look down upon, come up with, do well in, run outof…
例：Never look down upon anyone.
IV. “動(dòng)詞 + 名詞 + 介詞”
此類動(dòng)詞短語，作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，后面必須帶名詞
常見的有：make fun of, make use of, pay attention to, take care of, makefriends with…
例：In class, you should pay attention to your study.
V. “動(dòng)詞 + 形容詞 + 介詞”
此類動(dòng)詞短語，作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，后面必須帶名詞
常見的有：be late for, be afraid of, be angry with, be busy with, be short for…
例：Bill is short for William.
5. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)
構(gòu)成：sb. was/ were doing + 其它部分
用法：表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)間段之內(nèi)正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
例：I was reading newspaper at 9:00 last night.
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子，常常以when或while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句呈現(xiàn)。
when引導(dǎo)的從句中，動(dòng)詞可以是短暫性動(dòng)詞，也可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞;時(shí)態(tài)可用一般態(tài)，也可以用進(jìn)行態(tài)。
while引導(dǎo)的從句中，動(dòng)詞通常是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞;時(shí)態(tài)用進(jìn)行態(tài)。
例：I was doing the dishes when he came into the kitchen.
I was doing thehomework while my father was reading the magazine.