GRE作文如何準(zhǔn)備GRE高分考生告訴你
GRE的高分考生的背后都有著自己的殷勤付出和積累，只有努力才會(huì)有回報(bào)。兩次備考GRE的韓春曉同學(xué)有著她獨(dú)特的經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)分享給大家。
GRE作文如何準(zhǔn)備 GRE高分考生告訴你
我也很慶幸遇到了新東方駱彥偉老師，他的課堂節(jié)奏快，在課下我整理出了一大本筆記(自己整理筆記為個(gè)人習(xí)慣，其實(shí)老師的講義就是非常條理清晰的筆記本，結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)得一目了然，上課要及時(shí)補(bǔ)充就能快速學(xué)習(xí)消化)。按照老師的分類(lèi)題材，多刷機(jī)經(jīng)，在考場(chǎng)上就不會(huì)有陌生的題目。特別說(shuō)一下小作文，一定要按照老師的方法總結(jié)不同類(lèi)型的邏輯錯(cuò)誤及其特征，時(shí)間充裕的同學(xué)一定確保把題庫(kù)刷一遍，甚至多遍。大作文我也是刷了一整套題庫(kù)，不用每篇都寫(xiě)，但是一定要每一篇都有自己的思路和相應(yīng)素材，然后著重練習(xí)新東方點(diǎn)題班上的重點(diǎn)題目。最重要的是提高打字速度，在備考的過(guò)程中要多動(dòng)手，寫(xiě)思路也盡量用電腦打，就可以一舉兩得。個(gè)人認(rèn)為，要想得高分就一定要有充分的說(shuō)理和舉例。
只要時(shí)間久，鐵杵磨成針。不論是多難的東西，只要自己下功夫，努力的去學(xué)習(xí)理解，就可以在最后收獲成功。
GRE高分作文的寫(xiě)作結(jié)構(gòu)
In surveys Mason City residents rank water sports(swimming,boating,and fishing)among their favorite recreational activities. The Mason River flowing through the city is rarely used for these pursuits, however,and the city park department devotes little of its budget to maintaining riverside recreational facilities. For years there have been complaints from residents about the quality of the river's water and the river's smell. In response, the state has recently announced plans to clean up Mason River. Use of the river for water sports is,therefore,sure to increase.The city government should for that reason devote more money in this year's budget to reverside recreational facilities.
這個(gè)題目應(yīng)該算基礎(chǔ)類(lèi)了，首先找結(jié)論，然后依次去看指出原因或者前提，再倒上去分析。
這題作者的結(jié)論就是：The city government should for that reason devote more money in this year's budget to reverside recreational facilities.
得出這個(gè)結(jié)論是基于這樣幾個(gè)前提：
前提1：居民更喜歡水上運(yùn)動(dòng)，證據(jù)：Survey
前提2：河水利用率低是由于水質(zhì)問(wèn)題，證據(jù)：居民的抱怨
前提3：river usage is sure to increase，因?yàn)閐o the river clean up
從新GRE寫(xiě)作滿分范文來(lái)看，整篇文章結(jié)構(gòu)明朗，每段結(jié)構(gòu)也很清晰。傳統(tǒng)的5段式，3個(gè)反駁點(diǎn)。
首段：While it may be true that the Mason City government ought to devote more money to riverside recreational facilities, this author's argument does not make a cogent case for increased resources based on river use.指出結(jié)論以及作者的文章邏輯證明存在問(wèn)題，沒(méi)有其它多余的廢話。
第二段:Citing surveys of city residents, the author reports city resident's love of water sports先寫(xiě)作者如何認(rèn)為，然后寫(xiě)自己的反駁，質(zhì)疑Survey的準(zhǔn)確性，加舉例，連用了自己的3個(gè)假設(shè)進(jìn)行反駁。最后還加上覺(jué)得怎樣才算好的論證。
第三段：Additionally, the author implies that residents do not use the river for swimming,boating,and fishing,despite their professed interest,because the water is polluted and smelly.也是先寫(xiě)作者觀點(diǎn)(包括他文中的隱含意思或前提);接著自己的反駁+進(jìn)一步展開(kāi);最后能加上認(rèn)為可行的論證建議是最好的了，這樣不會(huì)一味批判到底，段內(nèi)結(jié)構(gòu)更完整。
第四段：Building upon the implication that residents do not use the river due to the quality of the river's water and the smell, the author suggests that a river clean up will result in increased river usage.上一段先批他前提2有問(wèn)題，再表示即使前提2對(duì)，前提3也有問(wèn)題，這樣就是邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)更好。
分了If the river's water quality and smell result from problems which can be cleaned, this may be true和If the quality and aroma results from the natural mineral deposits in the water or surrounding rock,this may not be true.結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)緊密完整;最后一句再次強(qiáng)調(diào)作者的論證問(wèn)題。
結(jié)尾：和開(kāi)頭呼應(yīng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)論可能正確，作者的論證有問(wèn)題(paraphrase)
所以，發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)論、前提(包括隱含前提)、證據(jù)和理出作者的寫(xiě)作思路很重要很重要，其中隱含的意思也要能夠讀懂。對(duì)主結(jié)論的把握、(小)結(jié)論的辨識(shí)也要弄明白。
GRE寫(xiě)作常用詞匯整理
同等甚至更多：
commensurably, or perhaps even more;
伴隨：
along with; keep pace with; consistent with; in harmony with; cope with; in accordance with; in conjunction with;
serve as catalyst which will foster~;
邏輯：
reasoning; way of thinking; line of reasoning; analysis;
傾向：be less prone to;
在成長(zhǎng)路上：
in one’s course of growth;
富人：haves
窮人：have-not
提建議時(shí)說(shuō)作者需要：
a more complete understanding of_;
天生的：
by nature; inherited; inherent; intrinsic; in origin; innate;
供需關(guān)系：
supply and demand;
GRE寫(xiě)作高分作文分析
題目：
Too much time, money, and energy are spent developing new and more elaborate technology. Society should instead focus on maximizing the use of existing technology for the immediate benefit of its citizens.
I must say that I reject this statement. While it is true that we need to support society as much as possible with current technology, that does not in any way mean that we should stop progressing simply because our current technology cannot handle all the problems we have brought to it. Does that mean that we should simply accept the status quo and make do? No, I don’t think so. To do so would be tantamount to adopting a fatalistic approach; I think most people would reject that.
Technology has helped, and it has hurt. Without it, we would never have our standard of living, nor quality of nutrition, expectation of a long and productive life span, and the unshakable belief that our lives can be made even better. But it has also brought us universal pollution, weapons so powerful as to be capable of rendering us extinct, and the consequent fear for our survival as species and as a planet. Technology is indeed a double-edged sword. And yet, I still have to argue in its favor, because without it, we have no hope.
Some might argue that we would be better off without technology. They might say that a return to a less technologically driven approach to life would have the benefits of reducing stress and allowing us to live simpler, happier lives, like those of our forebears. Such an idea is seductive, so much so that much of art and all of nostalgia are devoted to it. But upon closer inspection, one realizes that such a move would only return us to a life of different kinds of stress, one of false simplicity, one fraught with danger. It would be a life without antibiotics where a minor cut could prove deadly. It would be a life where childbirth is the main killer of women, and where an emergency is dealt with in terms of hours and days instead of minutes and hours; a life where there are no phones or cars or planes or central heating, no proven drug therapies to treat mental illness, no computers. Would this world really make people happy?
What we already have, we have. And since the only way to move is forward, instead of allowing ourselves to be paralyzed by fear and worry, we need to learn how to clean up the pollution we have caused, and how to deal with a world that feeds on weapons and mass destruction. Doing these things means having to move away from technology into a more difficult realm, that of diplomacy and compromise: to move from the bully stance of “I am bigger and better and I have more toys and so I win” to a place where everyone wins.
Technology is the thing that will allow people to do that. But, advanced as it is, it is still in its infancy. We have to allow it to grow up and mature in order to reap the real rewards that it can bring. And there are even greater rewards ahead of us than what the world has already experienced. When technology is pushed to the outer edge, that is where serendipitous discoveries can occur. This has been seen throughout technological advancement, but the easiest example is probably the space program which made us think, really hard, about how to do things in a different environment. It gave us telecommunications, new fabrics and international cooperation. Paramedical devices, so that people can be treated even as they are being transported to the hosptal, are a direct development of that technology. None of this would have happened in the time frame that it did if we had not pushed for technological advancement. If we had decided to “focus on maximizing the use of existing technology” instead of foolishly reaching for the stars, we would not have made those discoveries which now are the bedrock of the 21st century.
分析：
字?jǐn)?shù)：651
語(yǔ)言：平實(shí)的語(yǔ)句完全沒(méi)有網(wǎng)絡(luò)流行模板的痕跡，也是許多過(guò)了6級(jí)的考生通過(guò)練習(xí)可以達(dá)到的水平。
I must say that I reject this statement.
Does that mean that we should simply accept the status quo and make do? No, I don’t think so.
Technology has helped, and it has hurt.
Technology is indeed a double-edged sword. And yet, I still have to argue in its favor, because without it, we have no hope.
……
當(dāng)然，這并不意味，在GRE作文考試中，平實(shí)的語(yǔ)言比潤(rùn)色后的語(yǔ)言有更多的優(yōu)勢(shì)。從這篇作文中，我們可以得到以下兩條重要信息：
1、 通過(guò)記憶大量模板使語(yǔ)言“全副武裝”、“氣勢(shì)洶洶”并非高分作文的必要條件，這種方式的弊端在課堂上我們已闡述過(guò)。
2、 在陳述idea的過(guò)程中，體現(xiàn)出critical thinking才是成功的關(guān)鍵。我們?cè)谡n堂上對(duì)critical thinking這一概念做過(guò)多次詳細(xì)的解釋，現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)大家一起來(lái)體會(huì)這一概念在文中的運(yùn)用。
第一段：
(表明立場(chǎng))I must say that I reject this statement. (讓步)While it is true that we need to support society as much as possible with current technology, (折回自己立場(chǎng))that does not in any way mean that we should stop progressing simply because our current technology cannot handle all the problems we have brought to it.
第二段：
(概述科技的兩面性)Technology has helped, and it has hurt. (具體討論科技的貢獻(xiàn))Without it, we would never have our standard of living, nor quality of nutrition, expectation of a long and productive life span, and the unshakable belief that our lives can be made even better. (具體討論科技的危害)But it has also brought us universal pollution, weapons so powerful as to be capable of rendering us extinct, and the consequent fear for our survival as species and as a planet. Technology is indeed a double-edged sword. (表明已考慮到科技的危害，但是依然堅(jiān)持自己立場(chǎng))And yet, I still have to argue in its favor, because without it, we have no hope.
第三段：
(提出反方的立場(chǎng))Some might argue that we would be better off without technology. They might say that a return to a less technologically driven approach to life would have the benefits of reducing stress and allowing us to live simpler, happier lives, like those of our forebears. Such an idea is seductive, so much so that much of art and all of nostalgia are devoted to it. (通過(guò)具體論據(jù)反駁反方的觀點(diǎn))But upon closer inspection, one realizes that such a move would only return us to a life of different kinds of stress, one of false simplicity, one fraught with danger. It would be a life without antibiotics where a minor cut could prove deadly. It would be a life where childbirth is the main killer of women, and where an emergency is dealt with in terms of hours and days instead of minutes and hours; a life where there are no phones or cars or planes or central heating, no proven drug therapies to treat mental illness, no computers. Would this world really make people happy?
第四段：
(在第三段駁論的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步立論)What we already have, we have. And since the only way to move is forward, instead of allowing ourselves to be paralyzed by fear and worry, we need to learn how to clean up the pollution we have caused, and how to deal with a world that feeds on weapons and mass destruction. Doing these things means having to move away from technology into a more difficult realm, that of diplomacy and compromise: to move from the bully stance of “I am bigger and better and I have more toys and so I win” to a place where everyone wins.
第五段：
Technology is the thing that will allow people to do that. (指出支持觀點(diǎn)存在的一點(diǎn)不足)But, advanced as it is, it is still in its infancy. (解決方案)We have to allow it to grow up and mature in order to reap the real rewards that it can bring. And there are even greater rewards ahead of us than what the world has already experienced. When technology is pushed to the outer edge, that is where serendipitous discoveries can occur. This has been seen throughout technological advancement, but the easiest example is probably the space program which made us think, really hard, about how to do things in a different environment. It gave us telecommunications, new fabrics and international cooperation. Paramedical devices, so that people can be treated even as they are being transported to the hospital, are a direct development of that technology. None of this would have happened in the time frame that it did if we had not pushed for technological advancement. If we had decided to “focus on maximizing the use of existing technology” instead of foolishly reaching for the stars, we would not have made those discoveries which now are the bedrock of the 21st century.
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