四級英語作文究竟要怎么用對單詞和短語？
四級英語作文究竟要怎么用對單詞和短語？
想要四級作文拿到高分，那你就要知道，單詞和短語是文章最基本的組成單位，用詞是否出彩在一定程度上決定了文章是否能得高分!要想用對詞，必須遵循以下原則：
一、無重復(fù)原則
英語寫作中經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)在同一文章中反復(fù)使用同一個(gè)詞、詞組的情況，這就是我們通常所說的重復(fù)。用詞重復(fù)主要表現(xiàn)在名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞等實(shí)詞的重復(fù)上。例如：
名詞重復(fù)
Catherine offered him moral help and also practical help.
動(dòng)詞重復(fù)
I like reading while my brother likes playing football.
形容詞重復(fù)
Mark Twain is famous for his short novels in America, and now he isalso becoming more and more famous with Chinese readers. 為避免用詞的重復(fù)，可采用以下方法：
1、省略
省略是避免重復(fù)最主要的手段。它可以節(jié)省詞語，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)更緊湊，還可以有效避免名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞的重復(fù)。例如：
名詞省略
They are fine actors. Smith is the finest (actor) I’ve ever seen.
動(dòng)詞省略
Jack needn’t stay here， but George must (stay here).
形容詞省略
Robert seemed angry， and George certainly was (angry).
2、代詞代替
這種方法主要用于解決名詞的重復(fù)問題。例如：
Catherine offered him moral help and also practical help.
可改為：Catherineoffered him moral help and also practical one.
再如：Can you repairthis chair? I broke it yesterday.
3、同義詞、反義詞、派生詞轉(zhuǎn)換
名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞都適用這種方法。
名詞同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換
原句：The snow was heavy last night.
修改后： It snowed heavily last night.
動(dòng)詞同義詞轉(zhuǎn)換
原句：The runner couldn’t catch up with the others in the race.
修改后：The runnerfell behind the others in the race.
形容詞同義詞 原句：I am completely confident that I am competent for the new job .
修改后：I am completely confident that I am qualified for the new job.
二、短語優(yōu)先原則
使用短語替換單詞具有兩大優(yōu)勢：
a、文章顯得更為地道，增加亮點(diǎn);
b、增加字?jǐn)?shù)。
例：
原句：When he was a child，he wanted to learn everything.
修改后：When he was a child， he had a strong appetite for knowledge.
與原句中的wanted to learn everything相比，修改后的例句中的had astrong appetite for knowledge更能表現(xiàn)出“他”的求知若渴，表達(dá)更加生動(dòng)。
1、常見的單詞轉(zhuǎn)化成短語的方法有：
形容詞變短語方法：of+同根名詞
動(dòng)詞變短語方法：同義短語替換
三、詞義具體化原則
所謂詞義具體化就是指寫作過程中盡量避免使用意義寬泛、模糊的詞，要根據(jù)語境使用具體、生動(dòng)的詞。
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