劍橋商務(wù)英語(yǔ)(BEC)中級(jí)閱讀教材講義
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劍橋商務(wù)英語(yǔ)(BEC)中級(jí)閱讀講義
Dear MR Ballard
You asked for a brief report concerning the recent events at the Southford Plant.
We have consulted the files and spoken to relevant members of the higher management and thus are able to provide an explanation for the breakdown reported in the press on 17 May of this year.
____1____ The handling equipment used to deliver the components to the assembly line has been known to be in need of an overhaul for the past six months. The plant has been working to full capacity to finish the American orders according to schedule.
As you know, we had commissioned a study by Industrial Research Consultants. ____2____ In it they warned that there was not enough space available to store sufficient components ____3____
We had decided to install fully automated robot system. However, at the same time it was clear to our production director that given the present maintenance staff, we would not have sufficient staff available if big problems were to arise____4____But we were still only working a two-shift system so the machines were not getting the necessary cover.
We all agree that the breakdown was extremely unfortunate and yet we must admit that, under the circumstance, it was not entirely unexpected.
We now believe that we have managed to sort out the major problems which we had been having with the conveyor equipment ____5____ Added to this is the fact that personnel department has been successful in recruiting some highly qualified maintenance staff who makes us confident that a repetition of the 16 May now seems entirely unlikely.
A. They also recommended expanding the present two-shift system to a three-shift one.
B. And also when the new robots are installed in September, we feel certain that such problems will become a thing of the past.
C. Unfortunately, as you know, there has been a major problem with recognizing the maintenance schedule.
D. The wide range oof machine we operate is not fully supervised at all times.
E. The cause of the breakdown was very simple.
F. They submitted their report on April 5.
G. There have been a number of delays and breakdowns in production recently which have been reported in the press.
H. The firm has been advertising for maintenance engineers for some weeks.
I. All the facilities in the plant will be coordinated to enable the workers to step up production of the new range of machines.
答案：1. E;2. F;3. A;4. H;5.B
BEC中級(jí)閱讀材料：中國(guó)理財(cái)產(chǎn)品
中國(guó)銀行業(yè)監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)昨日表示，隨著各銀行擴(kuò)大產(chǎn)品種類(lèi)，2007年最后一個(gè)季度中國(guó)個(gè)人理財(cái)產(chǎn)品銷(xiāo)售額大幅飆升。
Sales of individual wealth management products in China shot up in the last quarter of 2007 as banks expanded their product offerings, the banking regulator said yesterday.
截至9月底，60家銀行業(yè)金融機(jī)構(gòu)推出了個(gè)人理財(cái)服務(wù)，如共同基金、保險(xiǎn)產(chǎn)品和離岸投資產(chǎn)品。
By the end of September there were 60 banking institutions in China offering individual wealth management services such as mutual funds, insurance products and offshore investments.
2007年前三個(gè)季度，各銀行此類(lèi)產(chǎn)品銷(xiāo)售總額為6000億元人民幣(合820億美元)。
Together China’s banks sold Rmb600bn ($82bn) worth of such products in the first three quarters of 2007.
但中國(guó)銀監(jiān)會(huì)(CBRC)表示，預(yù)計(jì)2007年全年銷(xiāo)售總量將達(dá)1萬(wàn)億元人民幣，原因是有更多的理財(cái)產(chǎn)品面世，同時(shí)客戶(hù)將資金從生息的定期存款中轉(zhuǎn)出。
But the China Banking Regulatory Commission (CBRC) said it expected that figure had jumped to Rmb1,000bn by the end of the year as more products became available and customers shifted money out of interest-bearing time deposits.
2007年11月份，中國(guó)通貨膨脹率創(chuàng)下6.9%的11年高點(diǎn)，而一年期存款利率僅為4.14%，中國(guó)投資者面臨著實(shí)際利率為負(fù)的局面，他們一直在尋求銀行存款的替代品。
With inflation hitting an 11-year high of 6.9 per cent in November and the one-year deposit rate at only 4.14 per cent, Chinese investors are faced with negative real interest rates and have been looking for alternatives to bank deposits.
中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)銀行傳統(tǒng)上依賴(lài)存貸款利差，目前政府正鼓勵(lì)它們進(jìn)行多樣化調(diào)整。中國(guó)存貸款利率由央行制定，以確保國(guó)有銀行能夠盈利。
The government is actively encouraging Chinese banks to diversify from their traditional reliance on the spread between deposit and loan interest rates, which are set by the central bank to ensure profitability at the state-owned lenders.
去年6月份，銀監(jiān)會(huì)為大中型國(guó)有銀行制定了目標(biāo)，力爭(zhēng)在未來(lái)5年至10年，中間收入在總收入中所占比重從目前的17 %左右升至40%-50%。
In June last year the CBRC set a target for large and medium-sized state-owned banks to increase their fee-based income from about 17 per cent of their total now to 40-50 per cent within the next five to 10 years.
多數(shù)全球規(guī)模最大的銀行都在中國(guó)設(shè)立了業(yè)務(wù)，而去年，包括渣打銀行(Standard Chartered)、瑞銀(UBS)和匯豐(HSBC)在內(nèi)的許多銀行，已開(kāi)始為擁有100萬(wàn)美元以上的客戶(hù)提供私人銀行服務(wù)。
Most of the world’s largest banks have set up operations in China and many, including Standard Chartered, UBS and HSBC, began offering private banking services available to clients with $1m or more to invest, last year.
德意志銀行(Deutsche Bank)昨日宣布，已在北京注冊(cè)理財(cái)業(yè)務(wù)，從而可以提供包括人民幣存款和貸款在內(nèi)的更多服務(wù)。
Deutsche Bank yesterday announced it had incorporated locally in Beijing, allowing it to offer more services, including renminbi deposit and lending services.
中國(guó)銀監(jiān)會(huì)昨日警告稱(chēng)，伴隨著理財(cái)服務(wù)的增長(zhǎng)，瞄準(zhǔn)無(wú)知個(gè)人的欺詐案件數(shù)量也有所上升，此類(lèi)案件的社會(huì)影響惡劣。
The CBRC warned yesterday that the growth in wealth management services had been accompanied。
BEC中級(jí)閱讀材料：喝酸奶有益于牙齒健康
Eating yogurt and other foods laden with lactic acid may keep your gums from receding and teeth from falling out, Japanese researchers report.
Dr. Yoshihiro Shimazaki and colleagues found that consuming yogurt and lactic acid drinks was significantly associated with better periodontal health.
"But, milk and cheese were not," Shimazaki said.
Periodontal disease is a chronic bacterial condition associated with receding gums and tooth loss. Outside of regular brushing and flossing, effective measures to allay this disease are limited, Shimazaki, of Kyushu University in Fukuoka, Japan, and colleagues note in the Journal of Periodontology.
Previous research identified a lower occurrence of periodontal disease among people who eat high amounts of dairy products, but did not identify which dairy products were most beneficial, the researchers report.
Shimazaki’s team assessed the severity of periodontal disease in 942 men and women, aged 40 to 79 years, and their intake of milk, cheese, and lactic acid foods.
They found that people with generalized (more advanced) periodontal disease had a lower intake of lactic acid foods than people with localized (less advanced) periodontal disease.
Compared with individuals reporting no lactic acid food intake, those eating 55 grams or more of yogurt (half an 6-ounce carton) or lactic acid drinks a day had significantly fewer markers of severe periodontal disease. The investigators made allowances for factors such as age, gender, smoking, alcohol intake, frequency of tooth brushing, blood sugar and cholesterol levels.
日本研究人員日前稱(chēng)，吃酸奶等富含乳酸的食物能防止牙齦萎縮和牙齒脫落。
喜田島崎博士及其同事發(fā)現(xiàn)，喝酸奶及其它乳酸飲料能顯著改善牙周健康。
島崎博士說(shuō)：“但牛奶和乳酪沒(méi)有這種功效?！?/p>
牙周病是一種慢性細(xì)菌感染性疾病，會(huì)引起牙床萎縮和牙齒脫落。日本福岡九州島大學(xué)的島崎教授及其同事在《牙周病學(xué)》期刊中提到，除了勤刷牙和用牙線清潔牙齒外，能夠有效緩解這一疾病的方法比較有限。
研究人員在報(bào)告中稱(chēng)，此前的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，食用大量乳制品的人患牙周病的幾率較低，但未發(fā)現(xiàn)哪種乳制品的作用最突出。
島崎教授領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的研究小組對(duì)942名年齡在40歲至79歲之間的男性和女性進(jìn)行了調(diào)查，主要對(duì)他們所患牙周炎的嚴(yán)重程度以及攝入的牛奶、乳酪和乳酸類(lèi)食品量進(jìn)行了評(píng)估。
他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，彌漫性重度牙周炎患者所攝入的乳酸類(lèi)食品量比局限性輕度牙周炎患者少。
與自稱(chēng)從不吃乳酸類(lèi)食品的人相比，每天攝入酸奶或其它乳酸飲品55克或更多的人有嚴(yán)重牙周病癥狀的明顯較少。研究人員還考慮到了年齡、性別、吸煙、飲酒、刷牙頻率、血糖及膽固醇水平等各項(xiàng)因素。
Vocabulary:
be laden with:富含……
fall out: 脫落
intake:攝入量
make allowances for:考慮到……
BEC中級(jí)閱讀材料：中國(guó)航空貨運(yùn)業(yè)
中國(guó)制造業(yè)的顯著增長(zhǎng)，促使航空貨運(yùn)公司爭(zhēng)相發(fā)展其在華業(yè)務(wù)。然而，這可能成為一個(gè)業(yè)務(wù)規(guī)模擴(kuò)張過(guò)大、速度過(guò)快的案例。
China’s spectacular manufacturing growth has left air freight carriers scrambling to develop their activities in the country. But it could be a case of too much, too soon.
兩年前，從南京或上海空運(yùn)貨物至歐洲，每公斤運(yùn)費(fèi)高達(dá)4美元;如今的價(jià)格約為2.50美元。南京祿口機(jī)場(chǎng)副總經(jīng)理徐勇表示：“在此項(xiàng)業(yè)務(wù)上仍有錢(qián)賺的航空公司非常少見(jiàn)?！?/p>
Two years ago, flying goods from Nanjing or Shanghai to Europe cost up to $4 a kilogramme; today it the price is about $2.50. “Very few carriers are still making money here,’’ says Xu Yong, vice-president of Nanjing airport.
由于機(jī)隊(duì)擴(kuò)張速度繼續(xù)超出需求，航空公司正加劇中國(guó)一些機(jī)場(chǎng)的擁堵問(wèn)題。徐勇警告稱(chēng)：“我們現(xiàn)在的飛機(jī)數(shù)量實(shí)在是太多了?！?/p>
As fleet expansion continues to outpace demand, carriers are adding to congestion problems at some Chinese airports. “We have just far too many planes now”Mr Xu warns.
荷蘭航空公司Martinair副總裁弗蘭克?德容(Frank de Jong)表示，中國(guó)空運(yùn)貨物出口量正以每年約10%的速度增長(zhǎng)，而飛機(jī)貨物運(yùn)力的增幅約為25%。
Frank de Jong, vice-president at Martinair, the Dutch carrier, says the volume of Chinese exports by air is growing by about 10 per cent a year but aircraft cargo capacity is rising by about 25 per cent.
在亞洲，約半數(shù)貨物在運(yùn)輸時(shí)都是放在定期客運(yùn)航班的腹艙內(nèi)。例如，在客運(yùn)航空公司中，大韓航空(Korean Airlines)擁有全球規(guī)模最大的貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)，其28%的收入來(lái)自航空貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)。
In Asia, about half of cargo transported is carried in the belly of regular passenger flights. Korean Airlines, for example, has the world’s largest cargo business among passenger airlines, with 28 per cent of its revenue coming from air freight.
在美國(guó)，大部分航空貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)由以UPS和聯(lián)邦快遞(FedEx)為首的專(zhuān)業(yè)貨運(yùn)公司負(fù)責(zé)。中國(guó)政府最近已進(jìn)一步放寬了對(duì)上述兩家公司的準(zhǔn)入限制。
In the US, the bulk of air cargo is handled by the specialist freight industry, led by UPS and FedEx. The Chinese government has recently granted greater access to the two companies.
瑞士信貸(Credit Suisse)分析師彼得?希爾頓(Peter Hilton)表示：“美國(guó)公司可以向中國(guó)體系內(nèi)注入更多運(yùn)力，并承接向來(lái)由亞洲航空公司包攬的貨運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)。”
Peter Hilton, analyst at Credit Suisse, says: “The Americans are being allowed to inject more capacity into the Chinese system and moving goods that would have traditionally gone to Asian carriers.”
中國(guó)政府已加大其發(fā)展國(guó)內(nèi)航空貨運(yùn)業(yè)的努力，鼓勵(lì)國(guó)內(nèi)航空公司與經(jīng)驗(yàn)更為豐富的西方貨運(yùn)公司合作。而就在不久前，中國(guó)政府的重點(diǎn)還幾乎全放在航空客運(yùn)業(yè)的改革和擴(kuò)張方面。
Beijing has stepped up its efforts to develop a domestic air freight industry, encouraging its airlines to team up with more experienced Western cargo operators. Until recently, the Chinese government had instead focused almost exclusively on overhauling and expanding the passenger airline industry.
一位香港銀行家表示：“從政治角度來(lái)看，運(yùn)送旅客比運(yùn)輸貨物更能建立聲望，但政府已意識(shí)到，貨運(yùn)對(duì)出口驅(qū)動(dòng)型的制造業(yè)領(lǐng)域至關(guān)重要?！?/p>
A Hong Kong banker says: “Politically, there’s a lot more prestige in helping move people rather than goods, but the government has woken up to how crucial freight is for an export-led manufacturing sector.”
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