英文藥品說(shuō)明書(shū)關(guān)于用量與用法的寫(xiě)法
下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編整理的英文藥品說(shuō)明書(shū)關(guān)于用量與用法的寫(xiě)法，歡迎大家閱讀!
本項(xiàng)最常用的英語(yǔ)表示法有：
Dosage and Administration 用(劑)量與用法
Route of Administration 給藥途徑(用法)
Administration 用法
Direction for Use 用法
Method of (for) Administration 用法
Application and Dosage 用法與用(劑)量
Mode of Application 用法
Dosage 用(劑)量
How to Use 用法
Posology 劑量學(xué)
還可能有其他的表示方法。
本項(xiàng)也是閱讀的重點(diǎn)，讀者必須正確理解本項(xiàng)內(nèi)容中的給藥對(duì)象、給藥方式、劑量及劑量單位、給藥時(shí)間等。
1、每次給藥次數(shù)的表示方法
daily (per day, a day, every day ) 每日
every …hours 每隔…小時(shí)
intervats of … 每隔…
once (twice) daily (a day) 每日一(二)次
every other day 每隔一日
three times a day (daily) 每日三次
three times a week 每周三次
once (twice) a week (weekly) 每周一(二)次
Divided into … doses 分…次
in two or three divided doses 分為二或三次(個(gè)劑量)
例1 Unless other wise prescribed by the physician, the average daily dose is 1 capsule 3 times daily.
如果醫(yī)生不另開(kāi)處方，平均日劑量為每日3次、每次1個(gè)膠襄。
例2 The suggested dose is 10 to 15 mg per kg dody weight daily in 3-4 divided doses orally, taken with meets.
日劑量最好每公斤體重10-15mg，分3-4次口服，與食物共服。
例3 The initial dosage recommended is 1/2 tablet of Madopa 250 three times daily.
開(kāi)始劑量最好為每日3次，每次半片美多巴250。
例4 Children: The usual dose is 50 to 100 mg/kg/day total, given in four equally divided and spaced doses.
兒童：常用總劑量為每日50-100mg/kg體重，均分為四等份，等間隔給藥。
例5 The recommended starting dose is 20mg given as a single daily dose.
推薦的首劑量為每20mg，一次服用。
2、常用表示劑量的術(shù)語(yǔ)
average dose 平均劑量 minimal (minimum) dose 最小有效量
daily dose 日劑量(一日量) multiple dose 多劑量
divided dose 分次劑量 overdose (overdose) 過(guò)量
fatal (lethal) dose 致死量 single dose 一次劑量
indicated dose 有效蠐量 standard dose 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(合適)劑量
initial (beginning, starting) dose 首次量 suggested (recommended) dose 推薦劑量
maintenance dose 維持量 therapeutic dose 治療劑量
maximum dose 最大劑量(極量) usual (normal) dose 常用劑量
3、常用的劑量單位表示法
g=gram 克 l=liter (litre) 升
mg=milligram 毫克 ml=milliliter 毫升
kg=kilogram 千克 c.c. 毫升
mcg=microgram 微克 I.U.=international unit 國(guó)際單位
ug 微克 body weight 體重
per square meter of body surface 每平方米體表面積
4、給藥對(duì)象：最常見(jiàn)的用詞有
adolescents 青少年 intant(s) 幼兒
adult(s) 成年人 male 男性
baby (babies) 嬰兒 newborn baby (babies) 新生兒
children (child) 兒童 patient(s) 患者，病人
debilitated patients 體弱患者 pediatric 兒科的
elderly patient(s) 老年患者 pregnant women 孕婦
female 女性 senile patient(s) 老年患者(病人)
5、給藥方式的表示法：多用副詞成或介詞短語(yǔ)表示，例如：
intra-arterially 靜脈內(nèi)給藥 by mouth (OS) 口服
intragluteally 臀肌內(nèi)給藥 by phleboclysis 靜脈輸液
intramuscularly 肌內(nèi)給藥 by intramuscular (IM) injection 肌肉注射
intraperitoneally 腹(膜)腔內(nèi)給藥 by intravenous (IV) injection 靜脈注射
intrapleurally 胸(膜)腔內(nèi)給藥 by the intra-articatar administration 關(guān)節(jié)內(nèi)給藥
intrathecally 鞘內(nèi)給藥 by the intramuscular administration (route) 肌內(nèi)給藥
intravenously 靜脈內(nèi)給藥 by the intranasal route 鼻內(nèi)給藥
locally 局部給藥 orally 口服給藥
parenterally 腸道外給藥 by the intraperitoneal administration 腹(膜)腔內(nèi)給藥
subconjuntivally 結(jié)膜下給藥 by the intravenous infusion (perfusion) 靜脈輸注
subcutaneously 皮下給藥 sublingually 舌下給藥
submucously 粘膜下給藥 by the intrathecal administration 鞘內(nèi)給藥
by aerosol 噴霧給藥 by the subligual administration 舌下給藥
by drip phleboclysis 點(diǎn)滴靜脈輸液 per rectum 直腸給藥
by enema 灌腸 per vaginum 陰道給藥
by lumbar 腰椎給藥 pro recto 直腸給藥
此外還有許多其他的表示法，不一一列舉。
6、表示“投藥”的常用動(dòng)詞
administer (或be administered、give、be given、indicate、be indicated) 給藥、投藥
use (或be used 、employ、be employed) 用藥
recommend (be recommended、suggest、be suggested) 推薦給藥
7、表示不同的用藥方式的動(dòng)詞：
take 服用 inhale 吸入 apply to 用于、涂于、敷于
spray 噴霧 inject 注射 swallow 吞服
例6 …the recommended single dose is 1 ampoule, given subcutaneously, intramuscularly or intravenously.
建議一次劑量為1安瓶，皮下、肌肉或靜脈注射給藥。
例7 I.M injections should be administered in the amount of 25-50mg daily per kilo of body weight, subdivided into injections every 6-8-12 hours.
肌肉注射：每日每公斤體重給藥25-50mg，每6-8-12小時(shí)一次。
例8 For adults give intramuscular injection of 400 to 600 mg per day in 2-3 divided doses. For intants give intramuscular injection of 10-20mg/kg per day in two divided doses.
成年人：肌肉注射，每日400-600mg，分2-3次注射;嬰兒：肌肉注射，每日10-20mg/kg體重，分2次注射。
例9 The tablets (or the syrup) are to be taken during or after a meal with a little liquid.
片劑(或糖漿)應(yīng)于食間或飯后用少量液體送服。
例10 Apply the Nitro-Dur system firmly to the skin surface. The Nitro-Dur system may beapplied to any convenient skin area, a recommended side of application is the arm or chest.
把護(hù)心貼片緊貼在皮膚表面，護(hù)心貼片可貼在任何方便的皮膚區(qū)域，最好是貼在手臂或胸部。
例11 In general 1 to 3 metered doses should should be inhaled or sprayed onto or under the tongue at the every oneset of anginal pain.
一般應(yīng)在心絞痛開(kāi)始發(fā)作時(shí)就吸入，或向舌上或舌下噴入1-3個(gè)規(guī)定的劑量。
8、其它的短語(yǔ)或句型，例如：
according to 根據(jù) be adjusted 調(diào)整 depend on 依據(jù) adapt to 適合，修改
on the basis of 在…基礎(chǔ)上 vary from…to… 變化范圍由…至…，因…而異
range from … to … 變化范圍由…至…
it is advisable to (it is recommended to、it is suggested to ) 建議…
例子很多，不一一列舉。
例12 Dosage should be adapted to patients individually, on the basis of periodic tests of glycosuria and blood sugar.
在周期性檢驗(yàn)?zāi)蛱呛脱堑幕A(chǔ)上，調(diào)整劑量，使之適用于不同的患者。
例13 It si advisable to initiate therapy with massive doses: 3x2 tablets daily after meals over 2-4 days.
建議開(kāi)始治療時(shí)采用大劑量，每日劑量為3x2片，飯后服用，持續(xù)2-4日。
例14 In severs chronic cases, treatment is started with daily 1 to 2 ampoules of Bilocid and continused with one ampoule every other day, injected slowly by the intravenous route.
治療嚴(yán)重的慢性疾病時(shí)，治療從每日1-2支利膽素注射劑開(kāi)始，繼續(xù)治療時(shí)每隔一日1安瓶緩慢靜脈注射。
例15 The number of injections required may vary from from patient to patient.
所需注射次數(shù)因患者而異。
例16 The dosage of Glutril must be adjusted by the doctor according to the individualmetabolic state.
格路特利的劑量需由醫(yī)生根據(jù)每個(gè)患者的代謝狀況調(diào)整。
例17 In such instance, it is recommended that the dose be reduced.
在這種情況下，建議減少劑量。
例18 The maintenance dosage is determined by response of the patient.
維持劑量視患者對(duì)藥物的反應(yīng)而定。
從上述例句可見(jiàn)，本項(xiàng)中英語(yǔ)的普通詞匯較多，只要有一定的英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)均可讀懂，專業(yè)詞匯多為醫(yī)學(xué)詞匯，可從英漢醫(yī)學(xué)詞典中查出。