在雅思考試中如何寫出好文章
在雅思考試中如何寫出好文章
在多年的雅思教學中,我發(fā)現(xiàn)學生在實際考試中面臨著不同的寫作障礙,影響了考試成績。歸納起來大致有以下幾個方面:真情流露,無從下筆有的考生在考試時見到作文題,頓感思路塞車,好像有許多話要說,但又不知究竟應從哪里寫起。明智的做法是“投其所好、盡情發(fā)揮。
在雅思考試中如何寫出好文章
第一，使用不同的詞匯
a.使用同義詞，比如以下的一些寫作高頻詞匯的同義詞，你一定要掌握，出現(xiàn)的尤為頻繁。
important→essential, crucial, vital, significant,
think→claim, believe, consider, deem, figure out, feel
nowadays→currently, at present, now, recently, in recent years, these days
b.改變詞性，這是一種稍微難一些的方法，要求你的語法基礎非常好，你才能靈活自如的運用。
n. → v.
Eg：When we look at a comparison between A and B…
When we compare A and B…
Adj. → n.
There are a variety of solutions to the problem.
There are various solutions to the problem.
c. 使用不同的承接詞。承接詞在文章當中的使用相當頻繁，不僅是段落和段落的連接，還包括句子和句子的連接。背住一些常用的承接詞比你的改寫將會有極大的作用。
because of → due to, owing to, because, as, since, for
but → however, nevertheless, nonetheless, whereas
so → therefore, hence, thus, consequently
d.形容詞的逆向表達。在某些形容詞上進行修改，會達到非比尋常的效果。
Eg: not as easy as…→ more difficult than…
Not uncommon→ common
The cheapest → the least expensive
第二，使用不同的句型
a. 改變詞序。這是非常簡單的一種方法，完全不用動腦筋就可以進行改寫。常常將句子中的狀語(包括狀語從句)換位置。
Eg: For many years, people have believed ….
→People believed … for many years.
After this program has been solved, … can continue.
b. 主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的互相替換
Eg: Trained scientists performed this research.
→This research was performed by trained scientists.
c. 使用“there be” 句型，可以將一個簡單句，馬上變成一個加入定語從句或者分詞的復雜句。
Eg: Several computer programs can be used to solve this problem.
→There are several computer programs that can be used to solve this problem.
或 There are several computer programs used to solve this problem.
d. 定語從句，分詞和插入語的互相替換
Eg: Study…, conducted by sociologists in 2004, shows that…
→Study…, which was conducted by sociologists in 2004, shows that…
Eg: This…, which is one of the most powerful … in the world, has…
→This…, one of the most powerful… in the world, has…
接下來，Cite，即引用。綜合寫作乃客觀寫作，只是一個旁觀者的角度對這兩篇文章的內(nèi)容進行描述，因此，某觀點是出自哪篇文章一定要說清楚。所以，下面的這些句型在綜合寫作中必不可缺。
a. According to+noun.
Eg: According to the passage/lecture/author/professor,…
b. Subject+verbs of reporting +that clause
Eg: The author tells/reports/suggests/explains/says/argues/states/indicates/claims/points out/thinks/believes that ...
或 The speaker agrees/disagrees/rejects/disputes/challenges/takes a different view ...
c. As is indicated/displayed/illustrated in the passage/lecture,...
最后，Synthesize，也就是連接。具體來講，就是承接詞的使用是相當重要的，將文章當中的重要信息連接起來，體現(xiàn)作者對于兩篇文章的理解正確，說明作者的思路清楚。由于綜合寫作是對兩篇文章的比較，所以下面表對比和遞進的承接詞使用的最頻繁。
a.Transitional words showing contrast: however, on the other hand, in contrast, on the contrary
b.Transitional words showing addition: moreover, furthermore, in addition, besides, as well