什么是WTO

什么是WTO

　　世界貿(mào)易組織，即全球性的世界貿(mào)易組織，成立于1995年1月1日，是全球性的獨(dú)立于聯(lián)合國(guó)的永久性國(guó)際組織，被稱(chēng)為“經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)合國(guó)”。接下來(lái)小編為大家整理了什么是WTO。希望對(duì)你有幫助哦!

　　什么是世界貿(mào)易組織?

　　What's the World Trade Organization?

　　答：世界貿(mào)易組織是世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的處理國(guó)家之間貿(mào)易規(guī)則的世界性組織，其核心是世貿(mào)協(xié)議。

　　The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only international body dealing with the rules of trade between nations. At its heart are the WTO agreements.

　　其目的有三：

　　1.使貿(mào)易盡可能的自由流動(dòng);

　　2.作為一個(gè)貿(mào)易談判的論壇;

　　3.爭(zhēng)端解決。

　　WTO has three main purposes:

　　1. To help trade flow as freely as possible

　　2. To serve as a forum for trade negotiations

　　3. To settle disputes

　　其原則有五：

　　1.非歧視;(without discrimination)

　　2.更自由;(freer)

　　3.可預(yù)見(jiàn);(predictable)

　　4.更具競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性;(more competitive)

　　5.更利于欠發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家. (more beneficial for less developed countries)

　　WTO的組織結(jié)構(gòu)是怎樣的?

　　部長(zhǎng)級(jí)大會(huì)

　　Ministerial Conference

　　事會(huì)

　　General Council

　　委員會(huì) 貨物貿(mào)易理事會(huì) 與貿(mào)易有關(guān)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)理事會(huì) 服務(wù)貿(mào)易理事會(huì)

　　Committees Council for Trade Council for Trade-Related Council for Trade on in Goods Aspects of Intellectual in Services

　　關(guān)于：Property Rights

　　貿(mào)易與環(huán)境，

　　trade and environment

　　貿(mào)易與發(fā)展, 等

　　Trade and Development

　　諸邊協(xié)議

　　Plurilaterals

　　注：事會(huì)其實(shí)是"三位一體"，即貿(mào)易政策審議機(jī)構(gòu)、爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)構(gòu)和事會(huì)。

　　GATT和WTO的區(qū)別在哪里?

　　答：主要區(qū)別在于：

　　The main differences：

　　關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)定是臨時(shí)的。從未得到成員立法機(jī)構(gòu)的批準(zhǔn)，也未包括創(chuàng)立一個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)的條款。

　　GATT was ad hoc and provisional. The General Agreement was never ratified in member's parliaments, and it contained no provisions for the creation of an organization.

　　世界貿(mào)易組織及世貿(mào)協(xié)議是永久性的。作為一個(gè)國(guó)際組織，世界貿(mào)易組織由于成員的立法機(jī)構(gòu)批準(zhǔn)了世貿(mào)協(xié)議，且世貿(mào)協(xié)議本身描述了世貿(mào)的運(yùn)作方式，因而有了很好的法律基礎(chǔ)。

　　The WTO and its agreements are permanent. As an international organization, the WTO has a sound legal basis because members have ratified the WTO agreements and the agreements themselves describe how the WTO is to function.

　　世貿(mào)有"成員"。關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)定有"締約方"，強(qiáng)調(diào)了關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)定正式而言是一個(gè)法律文本。

　　The WTO has "members". GATT had "contracting parties", underscoring the fact that officially GATT was a legal text.

　　關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)定管的是貨物貿(mào)易，世貿(mào)還管服務(wù)貿(mào)易和知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)。

　　GATT dealt with trade in goods. The WTO covers services and intellectual property as well.

　　世貿(mào)爭(zhēng)端解決體系較關(guān)貿(mào)總協(xié)定更迅速，更主動(dòng)，其裁決不受阻撓。

　　The WTO dispute settlement system is faster, more automatic than the old GATT system. Its rulings cannot be blocked.