rather用法小結(jié)
下面是小編整理的一些關(guān)于rather的用法小結(jié)， 希望讓大家更好地認(rèn)識(shí)rather這個(gè)單詞，提高英語(yǔ)水平。
一、rather 與其同義詞的區(qū)分
rather作為獨(dú)立的副詞使用,可表示"相當(dāng)"的意思。其同義詞有:pretty, quite, fairly。它們表示"相當(dāng)"的程度從強(qiáng)到弱依次為:rather, pretty, quite, fairly。例如,對(duì)于HarryPorter這本書(shū),有人認(rèn)為"fairly good(還可以,還不錯(cuò))",這種評(píng)價(jià)通常并不能引起聽(tīng)話(huà)人去看這本書(shū)的興趣;有人認(rèn)為"quite good(相當(dāng)不錯(cuò),值得一看)",這可以說(shuō)是一種推薦的說(shuō)法;而如果有人說(shuō)"rather good",那就表示"遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)勝過(guò)其他同類(lèi)",你可應(yīng)該看一看了?？梢?jiàn)這組詞在"相當(dāng)"程度上的語(yǔ)氣差別。當(dāng)pretty表示"相當(dāng)"的意思時(shí),通常只用于口語(yǔ)。
此外,還要注意這組詞各自特定的使用場(chǎng)合:
1. 當(dāng)rather修飾表示批評(píng)、失望、驚奇等帶有負(fù)面含義的形容詞和副詞時(shí),該詞傳達(dá)說(shuō)話(huà)人的一種否定、不贊成的態(tài)度,意為"頗,在一定程度上"。例如:
This initially rather dull hobby had led him into fresh fields of enjoyment. 這個(gè)剛開(kāi)始頗無(wú)趣的愛(ài)好帶他進(jìn)入了一個(gè)全新的樂(lè)土。
注:fairly也可表示"頗,在一定程度上"的意思,但通常置于一些帶有肯定、正面含義的形容詞和副詞之前。如果所修飾的形容詞或副詞為中性詞,那么用rather,就會(huì)傳達(dá)出說(shuō)話(huà)人否定、不贊成的態(tài)度,用fairly則傳達(dá)說(shuō)話(huà)人肯定的態(tài)度。
The summer in Beijing is rather hot. (The speaker dislikes it.)
The summer in Beijing is fairly dry. (The speaker likes it.)
2. 當(dāng)rather用于一些帶有肯定含義的形容詞和副詞(如:amusing, clever, good, etc.)之前時(shí),意為"非常,相當(dāng)",含義接近very。此時(shí)不傳達(dá)任何否定或不贊成的態(tài)度。
It is a rather good film. 這是相當(dāng)好的一部電影。(表達(dá)說(shuō)話(huà)者對(duì)該電影的一種相當(dāng)推崇的態(tài)度)
3. 上述副詞中只有quite和rather 可以修飾動(dòng)詞,如:
I quite like this book.
She rather enjoys sweeping and cleaning.
4. 修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí),fairly和pretty只能放在冠詞之后,而quite 和rather 可前可后。如:
It is quite a good film. = It is a quite good film.
It is rather a good film. = It is a rather good film.
It is a fairly good film.
It is a pretty good film.
二、rather 構(gòu)成的習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)及搭配形式
1. would rather 寧可,寧愿
(1)would rather后接動(dòng)詞原形;表否定時(shí),后接not +動(dòng)詞原形
I’ll never be dependent on anyone again. I would rather starve (than be dependent on anyone else). 我再也不依靠任何人了。我寧愿餓死(也不靠別人)。
John really dislikes dancing. He would rather not go dancing with his wife. 約翰確實(shí)不喜歡跳舞。他寧可不和妻子一起去跳舞。
(2)would rather后接that從句,從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,即用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。如:
I’d rather (that) you set out to do the task now.我寧愿你現(xiàn)在就著手這項(xiàng)工作。
I’d rather you picked her up at the airport tomorrow morning. 我寧愿你明早去機(jī)場(chǎng)接她。
I’d rather you had not told her the news that day.我寧愿你那天沒(méi)告訴她這個(gè)消息。
(3)變體形式:would rather do ... than do ...
I would rather die than surrender to the enemy.
我寧可死也不會(huì)向敵人屈服。