英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí):一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的比較
學(xué)習(xí)啦:一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)之間又些什么是需要我們注意的點(diǎn)呢?我們應(yīng)該怎么區(qū)分好它們之間的關(guān)系呢?下面我們一起看看這篇《一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的比較》。
1)一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過(guò)去的事情,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作;
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過(guò)去發(fā)生的,強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。
2)一般過(guò)去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
*一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):yesterday,last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now等,皆為具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
*現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):for,since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years,always等,皆不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
共同的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):this morning, tonight, thisApril, now, already, recently, lately 等。
3)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),動(dòng)詞一般是延續(xù)性的,如live, teach,learn, work, study, know.。
一般過(guò)去時(shí)常用的非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞有come,go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。例如:
I saw this film yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)了)
I have seen this film. (強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了)
Why did you get up so early? (強(qiáng)調(diào)起床的動(dòng)作已發(fā)生過(guò)了)Who hasn't handed in his paper? (強(qiáng)調(diào)有卷子未交,疑為不公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng))
He has been in the League for three years. (在團(tuán)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù))
He has been a League member for three years. (是團(tuán)員的狀態(tài)可持續(xù))
句子中如有過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞(如yesterday,last, week, in 1960)時(shí),不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),要用過(guò)去時(shí)。
(錯(cuò))Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.
(對(duì))Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
1) 有些動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替完成時(shí),如hear, tell, learn, write , understand, forget, know, find , say,remember等。例如:
I hear (= have heard) he will go to London.
我聽(tīng)說(shuō)了他將去倫敦。
I forget (=haveforgotten) how old he is.
我忘了他多大了。
2) 用句型 " It is … since…"代替"It has been … since …"。例如:
It is (= has been) five years since we last met.
從我們上次見(jiàn)面以來(lái),五年過(guò)去了。
公眾號(hào):英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)
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