英語中不定代詞few, little, many, much的講解
英語中不定代詞few, little, many, much的講解
詞是指代替名詞的詞,屬于名詞性質(zhì)。
根據(jù)代詞的含義、特點(diǎn)和句中的作用,可以分為人稱代詞、物主代詞、疑問代詞、指示代詞、自身代詞、相互代詞、關(guān)系代詞、不定代詞。
5.不定代詞
不明確代替哪個(gè)具體名詞的代詞叫不定代詞。
常用的不定代詞有:
one, ones, either, neither, other, another, none, each,every, both, all, any, some, many, much, (a) few, (a) little,
還有由any-,some-, no-等合成的不定代詞。
不定代詞主要用作主語、表語、賓語,有些能作同位語。
作定語時(shí)剛是形容詞,不是不定代詞。下面看看一些重點(diǎn)不定代詞的用法。
5.6 few, a few;little, a little的用法
little, few:幾乎沒有(否定口氣)
a little:一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)
a few:一些,少數(shù)幾俱(肯定口氣)
few和a few指可數(shù)的事物,不能與不可數(shù)名詞搭配;
little和a little指不可數(shù)的事物,不能與可數(shù)名詞搭配。
Few showed politeness.
沒有幾個(gè)人表示禮貌。
A few showed politeness.
有少數(shù)幾個(gè)人表示了禮貌。
We know little about the new machine.
我們對(duì)這臺(tái)新機(jī)器幾乎一無所知。
We know a little about the new machine.
我們對(duì)這臺(tái)新機(jī)器有一點(diǎn)了解。
Few visitors have arrived.
客人到來的還沒有幾個(gè)。
A few parks will be built in the suburbs.
在郊區(qū)將建幾座公園。
There was little water to drink.
當(dāng)時(shí)沒什么水可喝了。
There was a little water to drink.
當(dāng)時(shí)還有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)水可喝了。
5.7 many, much的用法
many指可數(shù)的事物,只能與可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)搭配。
much指不可數(shù)的事物,只能與不可數(shù)名詞搭配,主要用于否定句和疑問句。
a lot of/lots of/plenty of=many/much
Many are from the North.
許多人來自北方。
We can see many foreigners everywhere.
到處能見到許多老外。
They don’t have much now.
現(xiàn)在他們有的也不多了。
Do you know much about this company?
你知道這公司的很多情況嗎?
Tom doesn’t have much money now.
湯姆現(xiàn)在沒有很多錢了。
錯(cuò)誤聚焦:
有些不定代詞表示可數(shù)的事物,有些表示不可數(shù)的事物,初學(xué)者容易把兩者混淆。
地上有很多水。
×There are many wateron the ground.
√There is (much) a lotof water on the ground.
他需要多少書?
×How much books does he need?
√How many books does he need?
她對(duì)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)有一些了解。
×She has a few knowledge about the Internet.
√She has a little knowledge about the Internet.
本文作者:丹丹英語(公眾號(hào):英語語法學(xué)習(xí))
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