英語(yǔ)中助動(dòng)詞should, would的用法
英語(yǔ)中助動(dòng)詞should, would的用法
助動(dòng)詞:輔助其他動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、疑問(wèn)句式、否定名式的動(dòng)詞。助動(dòng)詞有些詞義,有些沒(méi)有詞義,或者暗含一點(diǎn)詞義。放在謂語(yǔ)首位置助動(dòng)詞會(huì)受主語(yǔ)人稱(chēng)、數(shù)的限制,其他位置不會(huì)受限制。
should, would用來(lái)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài),should用于第一人稱(chēng),would用于第二、三人稱(chēng)(在美國(guó)也可用于第一人稱(chēng)):
I said I should turn in the exercise book the next day.
我說(shuō)我將在第二天交作業(yè)本。
He asked whether they would come back that evening.
他問(wèn)他們是否當(dāng)天晚上回來(lái)。
should和would常用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣中:
If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.
如果明天下雨,我會(huì)待在家里。
If he should come back, we would welcome him.
要是他回來(lái),我們會(huì)歡迎他。
Put on your raincoat in case it should rain.
穿上雨衣,以防下雨。
should表示驚訝和“應(yīng)該”:
It surprised us that he should have failed in the test.
他竟然測(cè)試沒(méi)過(guò)關(guān),我們感到很驚訝。
Why should he have made such a big mistake?
他怎么會(huì)犯這么大的錯(cuò)誤呢?
You should have informed me two days in advance.
你們應(yīng)該提前兩天通知我。
We should learn from and help each other.
我們應(yīng)該互相學(xué)習(xí),互相幫助。
would常用于委婉、客氣地提建議、請(qǐng)求:
Would you help me serve tea?
你幫我上荼好嗎?
What would you like to eat?
你想吃點(diǎn)什么呢?
I’d like some vanilla ice-cream.
我想要些香草冰淇淋。
would同will一樣常用于表示習(xí)慣或者傾向:
When she was free, she would go shopping.
她有空時(shí)就會(huì)逛商店。
When asked a very simple question, he would laugh it off.
當(dāng)有人問(wèn)他一個(gè)很簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題時(shí),他會(huì)一笑了之。
本文作者:丹丹英語(yǔ)(公眾號(hào):英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí))
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