英語中助動(dòng)詞should, would的用法

英語中助動(dòng)詞should, would的用法

　　助動(dòng)詞：輔助其他動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、疑問句式、否定名式的動(dòng)詞。助動(dòng)詞有些詞義，有些沒有詞義，或者暗含一點(diǎn)詞義。放在謂語首位置助動(dòng)詞會(huì)受主語人稱、數(shù)的限制，其他位置不會(huì)受限制。

　　should, would用來表示過去將來時(shí)態(tài)，should用于第一人稱，would用于第二、三人稱(在美國也可用于第一人稱)：

　　I said I should turn in the exercise book the next day.

　　我說我將在第二天交作業(yè)本。

　　He asked whether they would come back that evening.

　　他問他們是否當(dāng)天晚上回來。

　　should和would常用于虛擬語氣中：

　　If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.

　　如果明天下雨，我會(huì)待在家里。

　　If he should come back, we would welcome him.

　　要是他回來，我們會(huì)歡迎他。

　　Put on your raincoat in case it should rain.

　　穿上雨衣，以防下雨。

　　should表示驚訝和“應(yīng)該”：

　　It surprised us that he should have failed in the test.

　　他竟然測(cè)試沒過關(guān)，我們感到很驚訝。

　　Why should he have made such a big mistake?

　　他怎么會(huì)犯這么大的錯(cuò)誤呢?

　　You should have informed me two days in advance.

　　你們應(yīng)該提前兩天通知我。

　　We should learn from and help each other.

　　我們應(yīng)該互相學(xué)習(xí)，互相幫助。

　　would常用于委婉、客氣地提建議、請(qǐng)求：

　　Would you help me serve tea?

　　你幫我上荼好嗎?

　　What would you like to eat?

　　你想吃點(diǎn)什么呢?

　　I’d like some vanilla ice-cream.

　　我想要些香草冰淇淋。

　　would同will一樣常用于表示習(xí)慣或者傾向：

　　When she was free, she would go shopping.

　　她有空時(shí)就會(huì)逛商店。

　　When asked a very simple question, he would laugh it off.

　　當(dāng)有人問他一個(gè)很簡(jiǎn)單的問題時(shí)，他會(huì)一笑了之。

　　本文作者：丹丹英語(公眾號(hào)：英語語法學(xué)習(xí))

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