英文語法難題的應(yīng)對(duì)技巧:英語語法公式
英文語法難題的應(yīng)對(duì)技巧:英語語法公式
英語語法相比于背單詞更注重規(guī)律,但是難度也更高。小編在這里整理了相關(guān)知識(shí),快來學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)吧!
英文語法難題的應(yīng)對(duì)技巧:英語語法公式
公式1
先行詞+介詞+關(guān)系代詞+定語從句
● The house in which I used to live has becomea garden.我過去住的房子已經(jīng)變成了一個(gè)花園。
公式2
先行詞,+which/who/whom/whose/when/where+定語從句非限制性
定語從句用逗號(hào)與主句分開,that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,who一般不能替代whom。
● Between the two parts of the concert is aninterval, when the audience can buy ice-cream.音樂會(huì)的兩部分中間有間歇,這時(shí)候,觀眾可以去買冰激凌。
公式3
(先行詞,+)as引導(dǎo)的定語從句
● He made a long speech, as we expected.正如我們所預(yù)料的一樣,他的演講很長(zhǎng)。
公式4
時(shí)間狀語從句: 主句+when/while/as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句
when/while/as意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”。
● Mary made coffee while her guests werefinishing their meal.客人們快吃完飯的時(shí)候,瑪麗煮了咖啡。
公式5
時(shí)間狀語從句: 主句+as soonas/directly/immediately等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句
引導(dǎo)詞意為“一……就……”。
● I recognized her immediately I saw her.我一見到她,就認(rèn)出了她。
公式6
時(shí)間狀語從句: 主句+before/after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句
● I went to bed after I finished my homework.做完作業(yè)后,我就上床睡覺了。
公式7
時(shí)間狀語從句: 主句+since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句
● Mary has been in Shanghai since she left Beijing.瑪麗自從離開北京后就一直在上海。
公式8
時(shí)間狀語從句: 主句+till/until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句
● I will stay here until you come back.我會(huì)一直待在這里直到你回來。
公式9
原因狀語從句:主句+because/as/since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句
● As all the seats were full, he had to standup.由于所有的位子都滿了,他只好站著。
because, since, as的區(qū)別
公式10
地點(diǎn)狀語從句:主句+where/wherever引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語從句
● You cango wherever you like these days.這些天你可以去你想去的地方。
公式11
讓步狀語從句:疑問詞-ever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句
● To show our respect, we usually have to takeour gloves off whoever we are to shake hands with.為了表示我們的尊重,不論要跟誰握手,我們通常都要摘掉手套。
公式12
引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí),疑問詞-ever可與“no matter+疑問詞”互換。
● Wherever/No matter where you go, I will bewith you.無論你去哪兒,我都和你一起。
公式13
讓步狀語從句:主句+(al)though/as/while/eventhough/even if引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句
● Tim is in good shape physically even thoughhe doesn’t get much exercise.即使不做太多鍛煉,蒂姆還是保持了很好的體形。
公式14
條件狀語從句:主句+if/unless/aslong as引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句
● Let’s go out for awalk unless you are too tired.如果你不是太累的話,我們出去散一會(huì)步吧。
公式15
條件狀語從句:主句+so/such...+that+結(jié)果狀語從句
● He worked so hard that he got ill.他工作那么努力,結(jié)果病倒了。
公式16
目的狀語從句:主句+so that/inorder that/in case引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句
● I’ll run slowly so that you can catch up withme.為了能讓你趕上我,我會(huì)慢慢跑。
公式17
比較狀語從句:主句+than引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句
● The weather was worse than I had expected.天氣比我預(yù)料的還要糟。
公式18
比較狀語從句:主句+as引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句
● French is as familiar to him as English.他對(duì)法語就像對(duì)英語一樣熟悉。
公式19
方式狀語從句:主句+as引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句
as if/as though引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句
● You ought to do as Paul tells you.你應(yīng)該按照保羅吩咐你的去做。
公式20
當(dāng)as if引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句表示與事實(shí)相反的情況時(shí),從句常用虛擬語氣。
● She closed her eyes as though she was verytired.她閉上了眼睛,好像是很累了。
公式21
虛擬語氣在狀語從句中的用法:
If...did/were..., 主語+would/should/could/mightdo...表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。
從句用一般過去時(shí),主句謂語動(dòng)詞用“would/should/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形”。
● If you were the manager, we would not be sotired.如果你是經(jīng)理,我們就不會(huì)這么累了。
公式22
If...had done...,主語+would/should/could/mighthave done...表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。
從句用過去完成時(shí),主句謂語動(dòng)詞用“would/should/could/might+have+過去分詞”。
● If we had taken the other road, we might havearrived here in time for the meeting.如果我們走了另一條路的話,或許就能及時(shí)趕到這里開會(huì)了。(陜西)
公式23
If...did/were todo/should do...,主語+would/should/could/might do...表示與將來事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。
從句謂語動(dòng)詞用過去式、“should+動(dòng)詞原形”或“wereto+動(dòng)詞原形”,主句謂語動(dòng)詞用“would/should/could/might+動(dòng)詞原形”。
● If it were fine tomorrow, I would goshopping.如果明天天氣好,我就去購(gòu)物。
公式24
If...had done..., 主語+would do...
● If he had set out earlier, he would be homenow.如果他早點(diǎn)出發(fā)的話,他現(xiàn)在就已經(jīng)到家了。
公式25
If...should do..., 主語+would have done...
● If she shouldleave, I would have heard about it.如果她要走,我早就應(yīng)該聽說了。
公式26
Should/Were/Had+(從句)主語+謂語
主句if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句的謂語動(dòng)詞中含有should, were, had時(shí),可將if省略,而將should, were, had提前,構(gòu)成倒裝。、
● Were I you(=If I were you), I would go.如果我是你,我就去。
公式27
With/Without/Butfor+名詞,主語+虛擬語氣形式的謂語...
句子的虛擬條件是通過詞或短語如with, without, otherwise, but for等來表示的。
● Without the greenhouse effect, the earthwould be about thirty?three degrees Celsius cooler than it is.如果沒有溫室效應(yīng),地球的溫度將比現(xiàn)在的溫度低大約33攝氏度。
公式28
主句+as if+(從句)主語+did/had done...as if引導(dǎo)的從句
常用虛擬語氣,用一般過去時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況;用過去完成時(shí)表示與過去事實(shí)相反的情況。
● She acted as if she had been the hostessyesterday.她昨天表現(xiàn)得就好像她是女主人似的。
公式29
主句+so that+(從句)主語+should/could/might do...
so that意為“為了”,它引導(dǎo)的從句表示目的。
● He took a taxi to the station so that heshould not miss the train.為了不錯(cuò)過火車,他乘出租車去火車站。
公式30
主句+lest+從句(主語+(should) do...)
lest意為“唯恐”,它引導(dǎo)的從句表示目的。
● They spoke in whispers lest they (should) be heard.他們低聲說話,唯恐被別人聽見。
公式31
...wish (that)+主語+did/had done/would do...
wish后的賓語從句用一般過去時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反;用過去完成時(shí)表示與過去事實(shí)相反;用過去將來時(shí)表示與將來事實(shí)相反。
● I wish it were autumn in Beijing all the year around.我希望北京全年都是秋天。
公式32
...suggest/recommend/insist等+(that)+主語+(should)do...
● I suggest that we (should) set off at once.我建議我們立刻出發(fā)。
公式33
...would rather+主語+did/had done...
would rather后的從句用一般過去時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硎聦?shí)相反,用過去完成時(shí)表示與過去事實(shí)相反。
● I would rather you hadn’t told him.我寧愿你沒有告訴他。
公式34
It is+形容詞/名詞/過去分詞+that+主語+(should)do...
● It is strange that the girl (should) be sorude.那個(gè)女孩那么無禮,這真奇怪。
公式35
...suggestion/advice/demand等+that+主語(+should)do...
在表示“建議”、“命令”、“要求”等的名詞后的表語從句和同位語從句中用虛擬語氣。
● My suggestion is that we (should) get startedsoon.我的建議是我們應(yīng)該盡快出發(fā)。
公式36
It is (high/about)time that+主語+did/should do...
● It is high time that you went to school.早就到了你該去上學(xué)的時(shí)間了。
公式37
if only+主語+did/had done...
用一般過去時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硎聦?shí)相反,用過去完成時(shí)表示與過去事實(shí)相反。
● If only I had another chance.要是我再有一次機(jī)會(huì)就好了。
公式38
不可數(shù)名詞/單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)謂語
● Still water runs deep.靜水流深。
公式39
動(dòng)名詞/不定式/主語從句+單數(shù)謂語
● Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.做眼保健操對(duì)你的眼睛有好處。
英語詞匯分類記憶
科技教育
clone | 克隆 |
development | 發(fā)展 |
download | 下載(計(jì)算機(jī)用語) |
education | 教育 |
experiment | 實(shí)驗(yàn) |
invention | 發(fā)明物 |
influence | 影響 |
information | 信息,通知,消息 |
machine | 機(jī)器 |
message | 消息;信息 |
robot | 機(jī)器人 |
technology | 科學(xué)技術(shù) |
服裝
clothes | 衣服,各種衣物 |
coat | 外套 |
dress | 女服,連衣裙 |
jacket | 短上衣,夾克衫 |
jeans | 牛仔褲 |
overcoat | 大衣 |
raincoat | 雨衣 |
shirt | 男襯衫 |
shorts | (戶外活動(dòng))短褲 |
skirt | 女裙 |
sock | 短襪 |
sweater | 毛線衣,厚運(yùn)動(dòng)衫 |
T-shirt | T恤衫 |
trousers | 褲子 |
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