高中英語競賽試題(3)
高中英語競賽試題
CGeologists(地質學家)have been studying volcanoes for a long time. Though they have learned a great deal, they still have not discovered the causes of volcanic action. They know that the inside of the earth is very hot, but they are not sure exactly what causes the great heat. Some geologists have thought that the heat is caused by the great pressure of the earth’s outer layers. Or the heat may be left from the time when the earth was formed. During the last sixty years scientists have learned about radium, uranium, thorium, and other radioactive elements. These give out heat all the time as they change into other elements. Many scientists now believe that much of the heat inside the earth is produced by radioactive elements.
Whatever the cause of the heat may be, we do know that the earth gets hotter the farther down we dig. In deep mines and oil wells the temperature rises about 1℉ for each 50 feet. At this rate the temperature 40 miles below the earth’s surface would be over 4000℉ . this is much hotter than necessary to melt rook. However, the pressure of the rock above keeps most materials from melting at their usual melting points. Geologists believe that the rock deep in the earth may be plastic, or puttylike(似粘性材料). In other words, the rock yields slowly to pressure nut is not liquid. But if some change in the earth’s crust releases the pressure, the rock melts. Then the hot, liquid rock can move up toward the surface.
Where the melted rock works its way closed to the earth’s crust, a volcano may be formed. The melted rock often contains steam and other gases under great pressure. If the rock above gives way, the pressure is released. Then the sudden expansion of the gases causes explosions. These blow the melted rock into pieces of different sizes and shoot them high in the air. Here they cool and harden into volcanic ash and cinders(灰燼). Some of this material falls around the hole made in the earth’s surface. The melted rock may keep on rising and pour out as lava(巖漿). In this way, volcanic ash, cinders, and lava build up the cone-shaped(錐形的)mountains that we call volcanoes.
64. The subject of this passage is the ____.
A. formation of volcanoes B. results of volcanic action
C. interior of the earth D. causes of the earth’s internal heat
65. The cause for the heat in the interior of the earth is probably ____.
A. radioactive elements B. the great pressure of the earth
C. not determined D. the heat remaining from the formation of the earth
66. From the information given in the passage, most minerals would melt fastest ____.
A. at 4000 ℉ at sea level B. at 4000 ℉, 5000 feet below sea level
C. in the absence of oxygen D. at the exact center of the earth at 4000℉
67. If the temperature at the earth’s surface is 20℉ the temperature in a coal mine 500 feet below the surface would, in degrees, be ____.
A. 40 B. 30 C. 50 D. 120
D
Thirty-two people watched Kitty Genovese being killed right beneath their windows. She was their neighbor. Yet none of the 32 helped her. No one even called the police. Was this in gunman cruelty? Was it lack of feeling about one’s fellow man?
“Not so,” say scientists John Barley and Bib Fatane. These men went beyond the headlines to probe the reasons why people didn’t act. They found that a person has to go through two steps before he can help. First he has to notice that is an emergency.
Suppose you see a middle-aged man fall to the sidewalk. Is he having a heart attack? Is he in a coma(昏迷)from diabetes(糖尿病)? Or is he about to sleep off a drunk?
Is the smoking coming into the room from a leak in the air conditioning? Is it “steam pipes”? or is it really smoke from a fire? It’s not always easy to tell if you are facing a real emergency.
Second, and more important, the person faced with an emergency must feel personally responsible. He must feel that he must help, or the person won’t get the help he needs.
The researchers found that a lot depends on how many people are around. They had college students in to be “tested”. Some came alone. Some came with one or two others. And some came in large groups. The receptionist started them off on the “test”. Then she went into the next room. A curtain divided the “testing room” and the room into which she went. Soon the student heard a scream, the noise of file cabinets falling and a cry for help. All of this had been pre-recorded on a tape recorder.
Eight out of ten of the students taking the test alone acted to help. Of the students in pairs, only two out of ten helped. Of the students in groups, none helped.
In other words, in a group, Americans often fail to act. They feel that others will act. They, themselves, needn’t. They do not feel any direct responsibility.
Are people bothered by situations where people are in trouble? Yes. Scientists found that they people were emotional, they sweated, they had trembling hands. They felt the other person’s trouble. But they didn’t act. They were in a group. Their actions were shaped by the actions of those they were with.
68. The purpose of this passage is ____.
A. to explain why people fail to act in emergencies
B. to explain when people will act in emergencies
C. to explain what people will do in emergencies
D. to explain how people feel in emergencies
69. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. When a person tries to help others, he must be clear that there is a real emergency.
B. When a person tries to help others, he should know whether they are worth his help.
C. A person must take full responsibility for the safety of those in emergencies if he wants to help.
D. A person with a heart attack needs help the most.
70. The main reason why people fail to act when they stay together is that ____.
A. they are afraid of emergencies
B. they are reluctant to get themselves involved
C. others will act if they themselves hesitate
D. they do not have any direct responsibility for those who need help
71. The author suggests that _____.
A. we shouldn’t blame a person if he fails to help
B. a person must feel guilty if he fails to help
C. people should be responsible for themselves in emergencies
D. when you are in trouble, people will help you anyway
E
The man traveling in the back of the ambulance which thrust its way through the streets of Baltimore that morning in 1967 had no business to be alive. By everything that was reasonable, and there were plenty of precedents, he should have been very dead indeed. But he wasn’t. As the people in the hospital pointed out after they had examined him, he was only slightly bruised. Yet he has just fallen 150 feet down a hotel lift shaft!
Unknown to the man, two things had occurred which were to affect his life that day. On the thirteenth floor of the hotel, somebody had carelessly left the lift gate open. Down in the basement, a pipe had burst and, before anyone could check the rush of water, it had flooded the bottom of the lift shaft to a depth of two feet.
Modern lifts have all sorts of fail-safe mechanisms to prevent accidents, but this was an ancient contraption(奇妙的裝置)— unreliable, creaking, slow, hazardous(dangerous), and suitable material for any scrap dealer who cared to take it away.
The man had plenty of things to occupy his mind that morning. He had overslept. The hotel had forgotten to call him and now he was late for an important business appointment. He dressed quickly, shaved hurriedly, grabbed his briefcase and hurried off down the hotel corridor.
Good! The lift gate was open. The lift must be there. He need not press the button and wait while the large, clumsy(badly-made)lift hauled its way upwards. Without looking or thinking he stepped out into space The lift cage was, in fact, one floor above him on the fourteenth. The world into which he had walked was a narrow space of not very fresh air, ending 150 feet below in two feet of dirty water.
The man descended(dropped), making his journey to the ground at a speed he had never dreamed of. Confused patterns, whirling shapes, a rush of air, time enough to be afraid, split-second thoughts of death, then — crash.
Perhaps this gave him the record for some sort of high-diving act. No doubt in future he always looked before he leap. Certainly he learnt that this was no way to save time. The experts said that those two feet of water had saved his life.
72. How do we know that the story is true?
A. We are told the place and time. B. We are given plenty of details.
C. Lifts often go wrong. D. The man won a high-diving record.
73. By ‘had no business to be alive’ the writer means that the man ____.
A. had missed his business appointment. B. was only just alive.
C. had done very little business. D. was alive and this was very surprising.
74. The word “precedents” in paragraph 1 refers to ____.
A. other people who had had similar accidents. B. rulers of countries.
C. the height which the man fell. D. the man’s injuries.
75. Which of the following did NOT help to cause the accident?
A. Someone left the lift door open. B. A pipe burst.
C. The man overslept. D. He was late for an appointment.
第二卷(共35分)
第四部分：智力檢測與寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)
第一節(jié) 智力題 請把答案填入題后的括號內，或寫在題后的Answer后。(10分)
1. Which of the four is least like the other three?
A. brain B. light C. philosophy D. metal ( )
2. What a scientific worker needs is the down-to-earth attitude instead of talking. The underlined word means ____.
A. honest B. practical C. hard-working D. thoughtful ( )
3. I don’t believe such a minor matter will make you down. Pull up your socks! What does the underlined phrase mean? A ( )
A. Keep up your spirit. B. Stand up. C. Your socks are a bit lower. D. Straighten up.
4. Which word does not go with the others?
A. yellow B. dark C. red D. blue ( )
5. Maria’s gift in literature soon found favour in her teacher’s eyes. What does the underlined phrase mean?
A. was discovered by her teacher B. came from her teacher’s help
C. was good at describing her teacher’s eyes D. much attracted her teacher ( )
6. It goes without saying that a person must behave himself. What does the underlined phrase mean?
A. 直言不諱 B. 不言而喻 C. 不值一提 D. 不辭而別 ( )
7. The following picture is made with matches. How to turn it into one with only three squares by taking away two matches from it?
Answer:
8. What number should replace the question number?
Answer:
9. Suppose it rains at midnight, can it be expected to clear up after 72 hours?
Answer:
10. Divide 45 into 4 parts this way: after you add 2 to the first part, take 2 away from the second part, multiply(乘)the third part by 2 and make the fourth part divided by 2, all the results are the same. Can you divide it?
第二節(jié) 短文改錯(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)
此題要求改正所給短文中的錯誤。對標有題號的每一題作出判斷：若無錯誤，在改行右邊橫線上畫一個勾(∨);若有錯誤(每行只有一個錯誤)，請按下列情況改正：
該行多一個詞：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉，在改行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。
該行缺一個詞：在缺詞處加一個漏詞符號(∧)，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。
該行錯一個詞：在錯的詞下面劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。
注意：原行沒有錯的不要改。
The local newspaper reported that a man found that his mobile phone 76. ______
had been stolen right before getting on a bus. He asked for help from 77. ______
the passenger but got no response. At that moment, a little boy stood up 78. ______
pointing at a man and shouted “He is the thief.” The thief was finally 79. ______
taken to the police station. But nobody knew about who the brave boy 80. ______
was. His parents took him off the bus immediately after the accident. 81. ______
Maybe they were afraid of the thief’s friends would look for revenge. 82. ______
In fact, many adults’ blindness in the face of evil deeds come exactly 83. ______
from this fear. So the boy acted a symbol of justice in the bus. 84. ______
Adults are physical stronger than the boy. Why do we not stand up to 85. ______
keep our society safer?
第三節(jié) 書面表達(滿分25分)
一個加拿大貿易投資團來你的家鄉(xiāng)濱海市(Binhai City)參觀考察。假如你是他們的導
游，請口頭向客人介紹你的家鄉(xiāng)。
總體 美麗而自然資源豐富
人口 300多萬，其中35%是工人、教師、機關工作人員等，其余的從事農業(yè)、漁業(yè)等生產;這里盛產優(yōu)質蘋果
教育 中學32所，小學586所，約有20%的人受過高等教育
經濟 改革開放以來發(fā)展迅速，工業(yè)發(fā)展最快，已建好一個擁有近十萬人口的開發(fā)區(qū)。人民的生活大大改善
交通 一個火車站、一個港口和一個國際機場，連接國內外主要大城市
注意：1、要求語言流暢，內容連貫;
2、字數(shù)100—120 ;
3、開頭以為你寫好。