考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解真題試題
考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解真題試題
考研英語(yǔ)閱讀題目的設(shè)置往往圍繞兩個(gè)詞:中心和細(xì)節(jié)。前者考查考生對(duì)中心思想的把握,后者考查考生對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)信息的理解。下面就是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編給大家整理的考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解真題試題，希望對(duì)你有用!
考研英語(yǔ)閱讀原文
All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession — with the possible exception of journalism.
But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.
During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation.
The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools.
But most law graduates never get a big-firm job.
Many of them instead become the kind of nuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.
There are many reasons for this. One is the excessive costs of a legal education.
There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states:
a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject,
then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam.
This leaves today's average law-school graduate with 0, 000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts.
Law-school debt means that they have to work fearsomely hard.
Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers.
Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them.
One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree.
Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school.
If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer, those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so.
Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.
The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business.
Except in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm.
This keeps fees high and innovation slow.
There is pressure for change from within the profession,
but opponents of change among the regulators insist that
keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.
In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers,
by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms' efficiency.
After all, other countries, such as Australia and Britain, have started liberalizing their legal professions. America should follow.
考研英語(yǔ)閱讀翻譯
整個(gè)世界范圍內(nèi)，律師比起其他任何職業(yè)的人員引起更多的敵意--可能除了新聞業(yè)人員。
但是很少有地方可以像美國(guó)這樣有更多的理由抱怨律師這個(gè)行業(yè)。
在經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)以前的十年間，美國(guó)在法律服務(wù)業(yè)的支出增長(zhǎng)了兩倍，如同和通貨膨脹一樣快。
最好的律師賺了很多錢(qián)，誘使更多的學(xué)生擠進(jìn)法學(xué)院。
但是大多數(shù)的法律畢業(yè)生從來(lái)沒(méi)有獲得過(guò)大的律師事務(wù)所的工作。
他們當(dāng)中的許多人反而成為了那種妨礙民事訴訟的文件編檔員，他們使得在侵權(quán)索賠制度上的花費(fèi)如噩夢(mèng)。
法律服務(wù)業(yè)的支出增長(zhǎng)還有許多原因。其中一個(gè)就是法律教育的過(guò)度支出。
在美國(guó)大多數(shù)州成為律師僅僅一條途徑：
用四年時(shí)間獲得一些與法律不相關(guān)學(xué)科的學(xué)士學(xué)位，
然后在美國(guó)律師協(xié)會(huì)授權(quán)的200所法學(xué)院之一攻讀三年以獲得法律學(xué)位，而且為律師資格考試準(zhǔn)備高昂的費(fèi)用。
這讓如今的法學(xué)院畢業(yè)生承擔(dān)平均10萬(wàn)美元的債務(wù)，居本科生債務(wù)之首。
法學(xué)院學(xué)生的債務(wù)意味著他們不得不極大地努力工作。
體制改革對(duì)律師和客戶(hù)都有利。
明智的想法已經(jīng)存在了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，但是管理此專(zhuān)業(yè)的州級(jí)機(jī)構(gòu)一直以來(lái)太過(guò)保守而沒(méi)能實(shí)施這些想法。
其中一個(gè)想法就是允許人們?cè)诒究茣r(shí)學(xué)習(xí)法律獲得法律學(xué)位。
另外一個(gè)就是讓學(xué)生在法學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)兩年之后就參加律師資格考試。
如果律師資格考試真的是對(duì)一個(gè)準(zhǔn)律師足夠嚴(yán)格的測(cè)試，應(yīng)該允許那些有能力的考生提前參考。
那些不需要額外的訓(xùn)練的學(xué)生就可以削減他們?nèi)种坏膫鶆?wù)。
高昂支出的另一個(gè)原因是限制性的、類(lèi)似于行會(huì)的，企業(yè)的所有權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)。
除了哥倫比亞特區(qū)，非律師可能不能擁有法律事務(wù)所的任何股份。
這個(gè)使得費(fèi)用高而且革新慢。
在行業(yè)的內(nèi)部做改變有壓力，
但是管理此行業(yè)中的反對(duì)者堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為
讓局外人不持股份的做法使得律師遠(yuǎn)離賺錢(qián)的壓力，而不是讓其在道德上去服務(wù)客戶(hù)。
事實(shí)上，允許非律師持有法律事務(wù)所的股份會(huì)減少開(kāi)支，并且提高對(duì)客戶(hù)的服務(wù)質(zhì)量，
為了提高事務(wù)所的效率，他們鼓勵(lì)法律事務(wù)所使用技術(shù)手段，并且聘請(qǐng)專(zhuān)業(yè)的經(jīng)理。
畢竟其它一些國(guó)家，如澳大利亞和英國(guó)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始使他們的法律職業(yè)自由化。美國(guó)應(yīng)該采取這樣的做法。
考研英語(yǔ)閱讀詞語(yǔ)解析
instinct['instiŋkt]adj. 充滿(mǎn)的
n. 本能，天性，直覺(jué)
dependency[di'pendənsi]n. 從屬;從屬物;屬?lài)?guó)
reasonable['ri:znəbl]adj. 合理的，適度的，通情達(dá)理的
phrase[freiz]n. 短語(yǔ)，習(xí)語(yǔ)，個(gè)人風(fēng)格，樂(lè)句
vt. 措詞
benefit['benifit]n. 利益，津貼，保險(xiǎn)金，義賣(mài)，義演
psychologically[,psaikə'lɔdʒikəli]adv. 心理上地;心理學(xué)地
falsehood['fɔ:lshud]n. 謊言，虛假
administration[əd.mini'streiʃən]n. 行政，管理，行政部門(mén)
understand[.ʌndə'stænd]vt. 理解，懂，聽(tīng)說(shuō)，獲悉，將 ... 理解為，認(rèn)為
fairness['fɛənis]n. 公平，公正
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