12. What did George buy online last Sunday?

A. An adventure novel. B. A software package. C. A note by Mark Twain.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13. What has Richard been doing?

A. Visiting a museum. B. Watching TV. C. Studying.

14. Why does Susan call Richard?

A. To ask for help. B. To give thanks. C. To make an appointment.

15. What does Susan want to do?

A. See an exhibition. B. Buy a new cell phone. C. Take pictures of the snow.

16. What will the speakers probably do?

A. Go to a park. B. Play football. C. Attend a party.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17. Where did the speaker learn about college?

A. From the movies. B. From her family. C. From the books.

18. What helped change the speaker’s attitude towards study?

A. Her professor’s advice. B. Her graduate program. C. Her trip to Africa.

19. How does the speaker feel when she talks about her past experiences?

A. Regretful. B. Relieved. C. Grateful.

20. Who is the speaker probably talking to?

A. Conservation workers. B. High school students. C. College teachers.

第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分 50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2. 5分，滿分 37. 5 分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D 四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

Yellowstone Poster Exhibition to Be on View at UW’s Coe Library

A first-of-its-kind exhibition that focuses on the history of Yellowstone National Park posters will be on display at the University of Wyoming’s Coe Library beginning Tuesday, February 1.

“Wonderland Illustrated” will present posters and poster-style illustrations of the park spanning from the 1870s through 2022. The exhibition will be located on Level 3 of Coe Library. It will be on view through Tuesday, May 31.

The exhibition takes place at the same time as this year’s 150th anniversary of the creation of Yellowstone National Park. The posters in the exhibition serve the purpose of both advertising and art.

“We’re thrilled to be working with Yellowstone collectors Jack and Susan Davís, and Larry and Thea Lancaster to bring this exhibition to the University of Wyoming as part of year-long celebrations recognizing Yellowstone’s 150th anniversary,” says Tamsen Hert, head of UW Libraries’ Emmett D. Chisum Special Collections. “This exhibition involves the history of printing, art, photography and advertising over 16 decades. The images reproduced are found on travel brochures, postcards and maps—many of which are held in our collections.”

One poster from the exhibition—Henry Wellge’s “Yellowstone National Park” from1904—was recently purchased with donated funds and is now part of UW Libraries’ Emmett D. Chisum Special Collections. Wellge, a productive bird’s-eye-view artist, designed the piece for the Northern Pacific Railroad, which used it to advertise the park. This is a unique piece, as posters such as this one were printed on soft paper and very few have survived.

1. How long will the exhibition “Wonderland Illustrated” last?

A. Two weeks. B. Three months. C. Four months. D. One year.

2. What is a purpose of the exhibition?

A. To remember a famous artist. B. To raise fund for Coe Library.

C. To mark the anniversary of a national park. D. To tell the history of the University of Wyoming.

3. What do we know about the 1904 poster Henry Wellge designed?

A. It is rare in the world. B. It is in black and white.

C. It is printed on cloth. D. It is owned by a professor.

【答案】1. C2. C3. A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了黃石海報展覽的時間安排以及特色等信息。

【1題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“A first-of-its-kind exhibition that focuses on the history of Yellowstone National Park posters will be on display at the University of Wyoming’s Coe Library beginning Tuesday, February 1. (從2月1日星期二開始，懷俄明大學(xué)科圖書館將舉辦一場首次以黃石國家公園歷史海報為主題的展覽)”以及第二段“It will be on view through Tuesday, May 31.(展覽將持續(xù)到5月31日星期二)”可知，“仙境畫報”展覽將持續(xù)四個月。故選C。

【2題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“We’re thrilled to be working with Yellowstone collectors Jack and Susan Davís, and Larry and Thea Lancaster to bring this exhibition to the University of Wyoming as part of year-long celebrations recognizing Yellowstone’s 150th anniversary(我們很高興能與黃石收藏者杰克和蘇珊·戴維斯以及拉里和西婭·蘭開斯特合作，將這次展覽帶到懷俄明大學(xué)，作為紀念黃石公園150周年的為期一年的慶?；顒拥囊徊糠?”可知，展覽的目的是紀念一個國家公園的周年紀念。故選C。

【3題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“This is a unique piece, as posters such as this one were printed on soft paper and very few have survived.(這是一件獨特的作品，因為像這樣的海報是印在軟紙上的，很少有幸存下來)”可知，1904年亨利·韋爾奇設(shè)計的海報在世界上很罕見。故選A。

B

Parrots are prey animals, which means that other predators (捕食者) in the wild, such as hawks or snakes, are looking to make them into a meal. This one factor influences parrots’ behavior in your house more than any other.

Parrots are most easily hurt when feeding on the ground. Membership in a group plays an important function in ensuring their safety and improving their chances of survival from attacks by predators. The most common predators of parrots include hawks, snakes, cats, monkeys, and bats. Some predators make attacks only during the day while others hunt in the night.

As prey animals, parrots are constantly watching out for danger and they instinctively (本能地) react to risks. Their first choice is to take flight. However, if this is not possible, they will fight with their powerful beaks to defend themselves.

Because their biggest enemy is the hawk, parrots are especially reactive to quick movements from above and behind. For this reason, it is wise to avoid quick, sudden movements near your bird. This is a built-in reaction not subject to logic or reason. Simple and relatively harmless household objects can draw extreme fear responses from a bird. For example, a balloon may represent a hawk or a vacuum hose (吸塵器軟管) may be the same as a snake in your bird’s mind.

As prey animals, parrots are often frightened by exposure to new household items or strangers. It is important to expose your bird to safe experiences and changes starting at a very young age to build flexibility and improve their adaptability. Variety in diet and toys, travel, and exposure to new people and places all help to make your bird more flexible and adaptable to change.

4. What is important for parrots to better survive from attacks in the wild?

A. Living in a group. B. Growing beautiful feathers.

C. Feeding on the ground. D. Avoiding coming out at night.

5. What is parrots’ first response to an immediate risk?

A. To attack back. B. To get away.

C.To protect the young. D. To play dead.

6. Why would a balloon frighten a parrot?

A. It may explode suddenly. B. It may be in a strange shape.

C. It may have a strong color. D. It may move around quickly.

7.What is the author’s purpose of writing the text?

A. To explain wild parrots’ behavior. B. To give advice on raising a parrot.

C. To call for action to protect animals. D. To introduce a study on bird ecology.

【答案】4. A5. B6. B7. B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了鸚鵡作為被捕食動物的行為特性和生存策略。

【4題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Membership in a group plays an important function in ensuring their safety and improving their chances of survival from attacks by predators.(群體中的成員在確保其安全和提高其從捕食者襲擊中幸存下來的機會方面起著重要作用。)”可知，鸚鵡要想更好地在野外躲避攻擊，重要的是要進行集體生活，故選A項。

【5題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“As prey animals, parrots are constantly watching out for danger and they instinctively (本能地) react to risks. Their first choice is to take flight.(作為獵物，鸚鵡會時刻警惕危險，并本能地對風(fēng)險做出反應(yīng)。他們的第一反應(yīng)是飛走)”可知，鸚鵡對直接風(fēng)險的第一反應(yīng)是逃跑，故選B項。

【6題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Simple and relatively harmless household objects can draw extreme fear responses from a bird. For example, a balloon may represent a hawk or a vacuum hose (吸塵器軟管) may be the same as a snake in your bird’s mind.(簡單且相對無害的家居用品會引起鳥類的極度恐懼反應(yīng)。例如，在你的鳥心目中，氣球可能代表鷹，或者真空軟管可能與蛇相同)”可知，氣球能夠嚇到鸚鵡是因為氣球可能形狀奇怪，使鸚鵡聯(lián)想到鷹，故選B項。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Parrots are prey animals, which means that other predators (捕食者) in the wild, such as hawks or snakes, are looking to make them into a meal. This one factor influences parrots’ behavior in your house more than any other.(鸚鵡是獵物，這意味著野生的其他捕食者，如鷹或蛇，正在尋找將它們作為食物。這一個因素比任何其他因素都更能影響鸚鵡在家里的行為)”、倒數(shù)第二段“Simple and relatively harmless household objects can draw extreme fear responses from a bird. For example, a balloon may represent a hawk or a vacuum hose (吸塵器軟管) may be the same as a snake in your bird’s mind.(簡單且相對無害的家居用品會引起鳥類的極度恐懼反應(yīng)。例如，在你的鳥心目中，氣球可能代表鷹，或者真空軟管可能與蛇相同)”以及最后一段“As prey animals, parrots are often frightened by exposure to new household items or strangers. It is important to expose your bird to safe experiences and changes starting at a very young age to build flexibility and improve their adaptability. Variety in diet and toys, travel, and exposure to new people and places all help to make your bird more flexible and adaptable to change.(作為獵物，鸚鵡經(jīng)常被新的家庭用品或陌生人嚇到。從很小的時候就開始讓你的鳥接觸安全的體驗和變化，以建立靈活性并提高它們的適應(yīng)性，這一點很重要。飲食和玩具的多樣性、旅行以及接觸新的人和地方都有助于讓你的鳥更靈活，更適應(yīng)變化)”可知，本文的寫作目的是對飼養(yǎng)鸚鵡提建議，故選B項。

C

In his 1936 work How to Win Friends and Influence People, Dale Carnegie wrote: “I have come to the conclusion that there is only one way to get the best of an argument — and that is to avoid it.” This distaste for arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place.

Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights, which is how we often think of them. Like physical fights, verbal (言語的) fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like, say, tennis tournaments. Pairs of opponents hit the ball back and forth until one winner comes out from all who entered. Everybody else loses. This kind of thinking explains why so many people try to avoid arguments.

However, there are ways to win an argument every time. When you state your position, formulate (闡述) an argument for what you claim and honestly ask yourself whether your argument is any good. When you talk with someone who takes a stand, ask them to give you a reason for their view and spell out their argument fully. Assess its strength and weakness. Raise objections (異議) and listen carefully to their replies. This method will require effort, but practice will make you better at it.

These tools can help you win every argument — not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but in the better sense of learning about what divides people, learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk and work together with them. If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain respect and understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument.

8. What is the author’s attitude toward Carnegie’s understanding of argument?

A. Critical. B. Supportive. C. Tolerant. D. Uncertain.

9. Why do many people try to avoid arguments?

A. They lack debating skills. B. They may feel bad even if they win.

C. They fear being ignored. D. They are not confident in themselves.

10. What does the underlined phrase “spell out” in paragraph 3 probably mean?

A. Defend. B. Explain. C. Conclude. D. Repeat.

11. What is the key to “winning” an argument according to the author?

A. Sense of logic. B. Solid supporting evidence.

C. Proper manners. D. Understanding from both sides.

【答案】8. A9. B10. B11. D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，作者闡述了爭論的意義和贏得爭論的方法。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“This distaste for arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place.(這種對爭論的厭惡是很普遍的，但它取決于對爭論的錯誤看法，這種觀點會給我們的個人和社會生活帶來問題——而且在很多方面，它首先忽略了爭論的意義)”可知，作者對于Carnegie對爭論的看法持批判態(tài)度，故選A。

【9題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Like physical fights, verbal (言語的) fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like, say, tennis tournaments.(和身體上的打斗一樣，言語上的打斗也會讓雙方流血。即使你贏了，你最終也不會變得更好。如果爭論只是一場比賽，比如網(wǎng)球比賽，你也會感覺很糟糕)”可知，很多人盡量避免爭論，是因為即使贏了他們也感覺很糟糕，故選B。

【10題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線短語所在句“ask them to give you a reason for their view”可知，讓他們?yōu)樽约旱挠^點提供依據(jù)，即讓他們充分闡明他們的觀點，spell out意為“解釋明白，講清楚”，故選B。

【11題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain respect and understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument.(如果我們重新調(diào)整我們對爭論的看法——從一場口水戰(zhàn)或網(wǎng)球比賽轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐环N理性的交流，通過這種交流，我們都能獲得彼此的尊重和理解——那么我們就改變了‘贏得’爭論的本質(zhì))”可知，作者認為“贏得”爭論的關(guān)鍵是通過交流獲得彼此的尊重和理解，故選D。

D

For lots of kids, toddlerhood (幼兒期) is an important time for friendship. Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships, the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults. Playing together also helps these kids practice social behaviors, such as kindness, sharing, and cooperation.

Even so, how quickly your child develops into a social creature may also depend on his temperament(性格). Some toddler s are very social, but others are shy. In addition, the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship. Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler’s way of saying “I like you” during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend’s behavior.

This seemingly unusual way of demonstrating fondness can result in unpleasant behavior. Regardless of how much they like a playmate, they may still grab his toys, refuse to share, and get bossy. But experts say that this is a normal and necessary part of friendship for kids this age. Through play experiences, toddlers learn social rules. That’s why it’s so important to take an active role in your toddler’s social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are. When you establish these guidelines, explain the reasons behind them.

Begin by helping your child learn sympathy (“Ben is crying. What’s making him so sad?”), then suggest how he could resolve the problem (“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball.”). When your child shares or shows empathy(同理心) toward a friend, praise him (“Ben stopped crying! You made him feel better.”).

Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words- not fists-to express how they feel. It’s also important to be mindful of how your child’s personality affects playtime. Kids are easy to get angry when they’re sleepy or hungry, so schedule playtime when they’re refreshed.

12. What does it indicate when toddlers copy their playmates’ behavior?

A. They are interested in acting. B. They are shy with the strangers.

C. They are fond of their playmates. D. They are tired of playing games.

13. What does the author suggest parents do for their kids?

A. Design games for them. B. Find them suitable playmates.

C. Play together with them. D. Help them understand social rules.

14. What is the function of the quoted statements in paragraph 4?

A. Giving examples. B. Explaining concepts.

C. Providing evidence. D. Making comparisons.

15. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A. How Children Adapt to Changes B. How to Be a Role Model for Children

C. How Your Baby Learns to Love D. How to Communicate with Your Kid

【答案】12. C13. D14. A15. C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幼兒時期友誼對兒童社交能力發(fā)展的重要性，并探討了幼兒表達友誼的方式和可能出現(xiàn)的問題。同時，文章還提供了一些建議和方法，幫助家長在幼兒社交互動中發(fā)揮積極作用，培養(yǎng)他們的同情心和表達能力，學(xué)會發(fā)展友誼。

【12題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“In addition, the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship. Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler’s way of saying “I like you” during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend’s behavior.(此外，蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子表現(xiàn)出他們喜歡其他孩子的方式與成年人認為的友誼表達方式明顯不同。哥倫布俄亥俄州立大學(xué)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，一個蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子在玩耍時說“我喜歡你”的方式很可能是模仿朋友的行為)”可知，蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子模仿朋友的行為說明他們喜歡玩伴，故選C項。

【13題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Through play experiences, toddlers learn social rules. That’s why it’s so important to take an active role in your toddler’s social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are. When you establish these guidelines, explain the reasons behind them(通過游戲體驗，幼兒學(xué)習(xí)社交規(guī)則。這就是在你蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子的社交活動中，通過設(shè)定限制和經(jīng)常提醒它們是什么，來發(fā)揮積極作用是如此重要的原因，當(dāng)您制定這些指導(dǎo)方針時，請解釋其背后的原因)”可知，作者建議家長在孩子的社交生活中設(shè)定限制，并且經(jīng)常提醒孩子們這些限制，也就是社交規(guī)則，幫助孩子理解社交規(guī)則，故選D項。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Begin by helping your child learn sympathy (“Ben is crying. What’s making him so sad?”)(首先幫助孩子學(xué)會同情((本在哭。是什么讓他這么傷心?”))”以及“then suggest how he could resolve the problem (“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball.”)(然后建議他如何解決這個問題(“如果你讓他打球，也許他會感覺好些。”))”可知，這些引用是通過舉例說明這兩個建議：幫助孩子學(xué)會同情并解決問題，故選A項。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“For lots of kids, toddlerhood (幼兒期) is an important time for friendship. Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships, the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults. Playing together also helps these kids practice social behaviors, such as kindness, sharing, and cooperation(對很多孩子來說，蹣跚學(xué)步是建立友誼的重要時刻。研究表明，孩子們越早學(xué)會建立積極的關(guān)系，他們在青少年和成年人時期就越善于與他人建立聯(lián)系。一起玩耍也有助于這些孩子練習(xí)社交行為，如友善、分享和合作)”、第三段“Through play experiences, toddlers learn social rules. That’s why it’s so important to take an active role in your toddler’s social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are(通過游戲體驗，幼兒學(xué)習(xí)社會規(guī)則。這就是在你蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子的社交活動中，通過設(shè)定限制和經(jīng)常提醒它們是什么，來發(fā)揮積極作用是如此重要的原因)”以及最后一段“Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words- not fists-to express how they feel.( 另一種鼓勵健康社交的方法是鼓勵孩子用語言而不是拳頭來表達他們的感受。)”可知，本文主要講的是家長如何幫助孩子學(xué)會愛，學(xué)會發(fā)展友誼，故選C項。

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

Common Mistakes New Runners Make

Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However, many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (妨礙) with training or lead to injury. ___16___ , keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success.

·Doing too much too soon

One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a training program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue on with your new running routine ___17___ .

· ___18___

Beginners might think they need to run every day (or nearly every day) to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldn’t be further from the truth. Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard on your body. So it’s important to give your body a rest between workouts.

·Not wearing the right equipment

___19___, it’s important that you wear properly for your workouts. The most important piece of equipment for running is a good pair of running shoes, so be sure to do some research before you purchase a pair. Visit a running specialty store and ask an employee to fit you for a shoe.

?Running through pain

___20___ If something hurts when you run, you need to stop and treat the pain. Remember: It doesn’t make you less of a runner if you listen to your body to keep it healthy.

A. Not taking rest days

B. If you’re just starting out

C. Comparing yourself to others

D. Running can be uncomfortable at times

E. It’s important not to use the same muscles

F. While it may be true that you don’t need expensive equipment to take up running

G. Experts suggest increasing your running distance by no more than 10% each week

【答案】16. B17. G18. A19. F20. D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了新手跑步者常犯的錯誤。

【16題詳解】

上文“Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However, many make a number of common mistakes, which can interfere (妨礙) with training or lead to injury. (跑步是保持體形的好方法，幾乎每個人都可以做到。然而，許多人會犯一些常見的錯誤，這些錯誤可能會干擾訓(xùn)練或?qū)е率軅?”指出跑步時有些人會犯一些常見的錯誤，這些錯誤可能會干擾訓(xùn)練或?qū)е率軅杀径螛祟}“Common Mistakes New Runners Make(新跑步者常犯的錯誤)”可知，本文主要指出新跑步者會犯的錯誤，根據(jù)下文“keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success.(記住這些事情可以幫助您增加跑步成功的機會。)”可知，空處是狀語從句，B項“如果你剛剛開始”符合，是下文的條件，同時也符合主題，即如果你是新跑步者，本文的建議會幫助你增加成功跑步的機會，故選B。

【17題詳解】

上文“One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a training program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue on with your new running routine(新跑步者犯的最大錯誤之一就是跑得太多太快。慢慢地進入訓(xùn)練計劃將有助于降低受傷風(fēng)險，這樣您就可以繼續(xù)新的跑步習(xí)慣)”指出剛開始跑步的人會跑得太快，所以要慢慢進入訓(xùn)練，不要跑太多太快，G項“專家建議每周增加跑步距離不超過10%”符合，指出不要跑太多，故選G。

【18題詳解】

此處是本段小標題，即新手跑步者常犯的錯誤之一，根據(jù)下文“Beginners might think they need to run every day (or nearly every day) to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldn’t be further from the truth. Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard on your body. So it’s important to give your body a rest between workouts.(初學(xué)者可能認為他們需要每天(或幾乎每天)跑步才能達到健身或減肥目標，但這與事實相差甚遠。跑步是一項高影響力的活動，對您的身體來說確實很困難。因此，在鍛煉之間讓身體休息很重要。)”可知，新手跑步者不休息，A項“沒有休息日”符合，故選A。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)本段標題“Not wearing the right equipment(沒有佩戴合適的裝備)”可知，本段主要介紹了新手跑步者常犯的錯誤之一是沒有佩戴合適的裝備，下文“it’s important that you wear properly for your workouts.(鍛煉時正確穿著很重要)”強調(diào)跑步時正確穿著很重要，空處也應(yīng)與“佩戴合適的裝備”有關(guān)，F(xiàn)項“雖然你可能確實不需要昂貴的設(shè)備來開始跑步”符合，其中“equipment”呼應(yīng)標題中的“the right equipment”，雖然你可能確實不需要昂貴的設(shè)備來開始跑步，但是鍛煉時正確穿著很重要，故選F。

【20題詳解】

下文“If something hurts when you run, you need to stop and treat the pain (如果跑步時感到疼痛，則需要停下來治療疼痛)”指出跑步時如果感到疼痛，應(yīng)該停下來，這說明有時候跑步會讓人感到疼痛，D項“跑步有時會感到不舒服”符合，引起下文，下文介紹了感到疼痛時該如何做，故選D。

第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)

第一節(jié) (共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down. My phone was ___21___, too. I managed to get to a gas station, but it was Sunday in the early fall, and there was no ___22___ on duty. I was working my way through university then and had little money for ___23___ the car.

I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to ___24___ the heat when an older gentleman ___25___ to fuel his car. He asked about my car, and I ___26___ my predicament (困境). To my ___27___, the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and ___28___ a tool set.

Right then and there, this total ___29___ examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were ___30___ to function. After about an hour, he ___31___ that my car was safe to finish the trip.

___32___ came at the hands of a stranger. ___33___ his clothes, working on a hot September afternoon, this man ___34___ a college student from disaster, just because she could have been his ___35___ .

21.

A. busy B. loud C. dead D. secure

22.

A. mechanic B. policeman C. manager D. guide

23.

A. washing B. parking C. purchasing D. maintaining.

24.

A. feel B. beat C. absorb D. produce

25.

A. promised B. refused C. stopped D. volunteered

26.

A. solved B. noticed C. escaped. D. explained

27.

A. surprise B. regret C. amusement. D. disappointment

28.

A. called up B. pulled out C. put down D. threw away

29.

A. liar B. beginner C. stranger D. loser

30.

A. free B. ready C. uncertain D. unable

31.

A. pronounced B. agreed C. discovered D. doubted

32.

A. Tiredness B. Kindness C. Loneliness D. Carefulness

33.

A. Folding B. Drying C. Soiling. D. Mending

34.

A. saved B. called C. judged D. banned

35.

A. friend B. daughter C. coworker D. customer

【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. C

34. A 35. B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者的車在半路壞了，正巧趕上周日，在加油站并沒有找到修車的人。這時恰巧有一位年長的紳士來加油。了解到作者遇到的困難后，他主動幫助作者修了車。作者對此非常的感謝。

【21題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的手機也沒電了。A. busy忙的;B. loud大聲的;C. dead(因無電力)不工作的;D. secure可靠的。根據(jù)上文“I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down.”以及句中的too可知，作者的車壞了，手機也因為沒電而關(guān)機了。故選C。

【22題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我設(shè)法去了一個加油站，但那是初秋的周日，沒有機修工值班。A. mechanic機修工;B. policeman警察;C. manager經(jīng)理;D. guide指導(dǎo)。根據(jù)上文“but it was Sunday in the early fall”可知，作者的車壞了，所以她應(yīng)該去找修車的。但是因為是周日，所以加油站的機修工都沒上班。故選A。

【23題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)時我正努力讀完大學(xué)，幾乎沒有錢保養(yǎng)這輛車。A. washing清洗;B. parking停車;C. purchasing購買;D. maintaining保養(yǎng)。根據(jù)空前“I was working my way through university then and had little money”可知，作者當(dāng)時正在在讀大學(xué)，沒有什么錢，所以幾乎是不保養(yǎng)車的。故選D。

【24題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我在車旁坐了幾個小時試圖避暑，這時一位年長的紳士停下來給他的車加油。A. feel感覺;B. beat擊敗;C. absorb吸收;D. produce生產(chǎn)。根據(jù)下文“working on a hot September afternoon”可知，事情發(fā)生在一個炎熱的夏天，作者坐在車邊試圖保持涼爽。beat the heat“消暑，在炎熱的天氣中保持涼爽”。故選B。

【25題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我在車旁坐了幾個小時試圖避暑，這時一位年長的紳士停下來給他的車加油。A. promised答應(yīng)了;B. refused拒絕;C. stopped停止;D. volunteered自愿的。根據(jù)上文“I managed to get to a gas station”可知，作者是在加油站，所以有一輛車停下來加油。故選C。

【26題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他問起我的車，我解釋了我的困境。A. solved解決;B. noticed注意到;C. escaped逃脫。D. explained解釋。根據(jù)上文“He asked about my car”可知，這位紳士詢問作者的車出了什么問題，然后作者向他解釋了他的困境。故選D。

【27題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令我驚訝的是，這位先生告訴我，他有一個和我同齡的女兒，然后他打開行李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. surprise驚喜;B. regret遺憾;C. amusement可笑;D. disappointment失望。根據(jù)下文“the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age, and then he opened his trunk and ___8___ a tool set”可知，這位年長的紳士聽到作者的困難后，告訴作者他也有一個女兒，而且從車里拿出一套工具。這讓作為陌生人的作者感到非常的驚訝。故選A。

【28題詳解】

考查動詞短語辨析。句意：令我驚訝的是，這位先生告訴我，他有一個和我同齡的女兒，然后他打開行李箱，拿出了一套工具。A. called up打電話給;B. pulled out取出;C. put down放下;D. threw away扔掉了。根據(jù)空后“a tool set”以及下文“Right then and there, this total ___9___ examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were ___10___ to function.”可知，這位紳士從他的車里拿出一套工具，幫作者修起了車。故選B。

【29題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在這時，這個完全陌生的人檢查了我的發(fā)動機，一邊工作一邊解釋說，我的火花塞已經(jīng)很久沒有更換了，以至于無法工作。A. liar騙子;B. beginner初學(xué)者;C. stranger陌生人;D. loser失敗者。根據(jù)上文“I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to ___4___ the heat when an older gentleman ___5___ to fuel his car”以及全文語境可知，這個紳士對于作者來說完全是個陌生人。故選C。

【30題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：就在這時，這個完全陌生的人檢查了我的發(fā)動機，一邊工作一邊解釋說，我的火花塞已經(jīng)很久沒有更換了，以至于無法工作。A. free免費的;B. ready準備好的;C. uncertain不確定;D. unable不能的。根據(jù)上文“as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long ”可知，由于車輛的火花塞已經(jīng)很久沒有更換了，所以導(dǎo)致它不能正常工作。故選D。

【31題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：大約一個小時后，他宣布我的車可以安全地完成旅程。A. pronounced宣布;B. agreed同意;C. discovered發(fā)現(xiàn);D. doubted懷疑。根據(jù)空后“that my car was safe to finish the trip”可知，經(jīng)過一個小時的修理后，那個紳士宣布說車可以安全地完成旅程。故選A。

【32題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：善良來自一個陌生人。A. Tiredness疲勞;B. Kindness善良;C. Loneliness孤獨;D. Carefulness細心。根據(jù)全文語境可知，一位陌生人幫助了他，所以此處指善意來自一個陌生人。故選B。

【33題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在一個炎熱的九月下午，這個男人弄臟了自己的衣服，從災(zāi)難中拯救了一個大學(xué)生，只因為她可能和他的女兒同齡。A. Folding折疊;B. Drying干燥;C. Soiling弄臟。D. Mending修補。根據(jù)上文“After about an hour, he ___11___ that my car was safe to finish the trip”可知，那位紳士給作者修了一個小時的車。此處指修車時弄臟了自己的衣服。故選C。

【34題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在一個炎熱的九月下午，這個男人弄臟了自己的衣服，從災(zāi)難中拯救了一個大學(xué)生，只因為她可能和他的女兒同齡。A. saved救了;B. called打電話;C. judged判斷;D. banned禁止。根據(jù)上文“Right then and there, this total ___9___ examined my engine, explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were ___10___ to function.”可知，這個陌生人給作者修了車，所以作者覺得他就像是從災(zāi)難中是救了她。故選A。

【35題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在一個炎熱的九月下午，這個男人弄臟了自己的衣服，從災(zāi)難中拯救了一個大學(xué)生，只因為她可能是他的女兒同齡。A. friend朋友。B. daughter女兒;C. coworker同事;D. customer顧客。根據(jù)上文“the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age”可知，作者覺那位紳士幫助作者是因為他有一個和她同齡的女兒。此處指作者就像那位男士的女兒。故選B。

第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Whenever you have to write a paper, a letter, or any other document for work or school, you probably head toward the computer. Now, most people reach for ___36___ (keyboard) faster than they pick up pens. In a Scottish primary school, however, Mr. Norman Lewis is taking a different approach. He feels that neat handwriting ___37___ (be) still an important skill, so he has his students write not only by hand but also ___38___ old fashioned fountain pens.

Fountain pens ___39___ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable. Today, a writer ___40___ (simple) throws an empty pen away and gets ___41___ new one.

So far, Mr. Lewis is pleased with the results of his experiment. He reports that his students are taking more care with their work, and their self-confidence has improved as well. He is happy with the ___42___ (improve) he sees in his students’ writing ___43___ in his own writing. He knows that computers are here ___44___ (stay) and that they will not disappear. However, he believes that the practice with fountain pens helps students to focus, to write faster, and they can feel proud of ____45____ (they).

【答案】36. keyboards

37. is38. with

39. were used

40. simply41. a

42. improvement

43. and44. to stay

45. themselves

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在蘇格蘭的一所小學(xué)里，諾曼·劉易斯讓學(xué)生使用老式鋼筆寫字取得良好效果的故事。

【36題詳解】

考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：現(xiàn)在，大多數(shù)人拿起鍵盤的速度比拿起筆的速度還快。根據(jù)空格前的介詞for可知，空格處應(yīng)填名詞作賓語，keyboard為可數(shù)名詞，前面沒有冠詞應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填keyboards。

【37題詳解】

考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：他覺得整潔的書寫仍然是一項重要的技能，所以他不僅讓學(xué)生手寫，還讓他們用老式的鋼筆寫字。空格處作謂語，本句陳述的是客觀事實，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，且主語handwriting為不可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)用動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填is。

【38題詳解】

考查介詞。句意：他覺得整潔的書寫仍然是一項重要的技能，所以他不僅讓學(xué)生手寫，還讓他們用老式的鋼筆寫字。根據(jù)空格后的名詞old fashioned fountain pens可知，空格處應(yīng)填介詞，表示“使用”應(yīng)用介詞with。故填with。

【39題詳解】

考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：鋼筆很久以前就在學(xué)校里使用了，最近又重新流行起來，因為它們可以重新填充。空格處作謂語，根據(jù)時間狀語long ago可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時，主語Fountain pens和動詞use之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。故填were used。

【40題詳解】

考查副詞。句意：今天，一個作家只是把一支空筆扔掉，再買一支新的。空格處作狀語，修飾動詞throws，應(yīng)用副詞形式。故填simply。

【41題詳解】

考查冠詞。句意：今天，一個作家只是把一支空筆扔掉，再買一支新的?？崭窈蟮拇~one指代可數(shù)名詞pen，此處表示泛指，且new是以輔音音標開頭，應(yīng)用不定冠詞a。故填a。

【42題詳解】

考查名詞。句意：他很高興看到他的學(xué)生和他自己的書寫都有了改善。根據(jù)空格前的冠詞the可知，空格處應(yīng)填名詞作介詞with的賓語，表示“改善”是improvement，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填improvement。

【43題詳解】

考查連詞。句意：他很高興看到他的學(xué)生和他自己的書寫都有了改善?？崭袂岸陶Zin his students’ writing和空格后的短語in his own writing為并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)用and表示這種關(guān)系。故填and。

【44題詳解】

考查非謂語動詞。句意：他知道電腦會一直存在，不會消失。根據(jù)空前的動詞are可知，空格處應(yīng)填不定式作表語，be to do為固定搭配，表示“必定會”，是對未來的一種推測。故填to stay。

【45題詳解】

考查代詞。句意：然而，他認為，用鋼筆練習(xí)可以幫助學(xué)生集中注意力，寫得更快，他們可以為自己感到自豪。根據(jù)空格前的介詞of可知，空格處應(yīng)填代詞作賓語，根據(jù)句意“他們自己”應(yīng)用themselves。故填themselves。

第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)

第一節(jié) (滿分15分)

46. 你校英文報計劃舉辦主題為“攜手行動，節(jié)約糧食”的作文比賽。請你寫一則活動通知，內(nèi)容包括：

(1)介紹活動目的;

(2)說明參賽要求。

注意：

(1)寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個左右;

(2)請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Welcome to Join the English Writing Competition

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】范文

Welcome to Join the English Writing Competition

Our school English newspaper is excited to announce the upcoming writing competition, themed “Hand in Hand, Save the Food”. The competition aims to raise awareness about the importance of saving food.

All students are encouraged to participate. Entries should consist of an original piece of writing, focusing on the theme of food waste and showing how we can contribute to its reduction. Please submit your entries to the English Department mailbox by the deadline of June 1st.

We look forward to your participation and creative submissions.

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本篇書面表達屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生為校英文報計劃舉辦主題為“攜手行動，節(jié)約糧食”的作文比賽寫一則活動通知。

【詳解】1.詞匯積累

比賽：competition→contest

集中：focus on→concentrate on

鼓勵：encourage→hearten

主題：theme→topic

2.句式拓展

簡單句變復(fù)合句

原句：Our school English newspaper is excited to announce the upcoming writing competition, themed “Hand in Hand, Save the Food”.

拓展句：Our school English newspaper is excited to announce the upcoming writing competition, whose theme is “Hand in Hand, Save the Food”.

【點睛】[高分句型1] The competition aims to raise awareness about the importance of saving food. (運用了動名詞作賓語)

[高分句型2] Entries should consist of an original piece of writing, focusing on the theme of food waste and showing how we can contribute to its reduction. (運用了how引導(dǎo)賓語從句)

第二節(jié) (滿分25分)

47. 閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Last summer, Hilda worked as a volunteer with dolphin trainers at a sea life park. Her job was to make sure the tanks were free of any items so that the trainers could train the dolphins to fetch specific items. However, one day after cleaning, one of the dolphins, Maya, presented Hilda with a candy wrapper from the tank. When Katherine, the trainer, saw this, she blamed Hilda for her carelessness. Upset but not discouraged by this event, Hilda decided to do some spying on Maya.

The next morning, Hilda arrived at the park early. She put on her scuba gear (水下呼吸器) and jumped into the tank for her usual, underwater sweep. Finding nothing in the tank, she climbed out of the water just in time to see Katherine jumping in on the other side. After what happened yesterday, Hilda knew what she was doing. She watched as Katherine performed her underwater search, but Hilda wasn’t surprised when she surfaced empty-handed.

During the tank sweeps, Maya had been swimming playfully, but now the dolphin stopped suddenly and swam to the back part of the tank where the filter (過濾) box was located. She stuck her nose down behind the box and then swam away. What was Maya doing back there? Hilda wondered. She jumped back into the water and swam over to take a look behind the box, and her question was answered. Hilda then swam across the tank following Maya’s path and emerged from the water to find Katherine removing her scuba gear. As Katherine turned around, her mouth dropped open. There was Maya at the edge of the tank with a comb (梳子) in her mouth waiting for her treat.

“Maya! Where did you get that?” demanded Katherine, taking the comb and throwing her a fish. “I know where she got it,” declared Hilda climbing out of the tank with a handful of items still wet from their watery, resting place. “What’s all this?” Katherine asked, obviously confused.

注意：

(1)續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右;

(2)請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

“This is Maya’s secret,” Hilda said with a big smile.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Now Katherine realized what had been going on.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】

“This is Maya’s secret,” Hilda said with a big smile.The truth of the matter, Hilda continued, is that Maya has been secretly collecting items from the tank, hiding them near the filter in the back of the tank. When you train her, she will give you some items so that she can get treats from you. “Really? How do you know that?” Catherine asked in surprise. Hilda laughed and replied, “It took me a long time to discover this secret, too. It’s not easy to follow Maya.”

Now Katherine realized what had been going on. Catherine thought to herself, this is really a clever dolphin. And she said to Hilda, “Well, Maya loves treats, so we’ll work together, and you’ll secretly help her collect a few things and put them in the filter at the back of the tank. I’ll give her treats, the number of which I can increase.” Hilda replied, “Good idea, let’s do it.” From then on, the Sea Life Park is full of warmth and harmony. Maya’s performance in front of the audience is getting better and better.

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了希爾達在一家海洋生物公園與海豚訓(xùn)練員凱瑟琳一起做志愿者，以及她們和海豚瑪雅之間的故事。

【詳解】1.段落續(xù)寫：

①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“‘這是瑪雅的秘密，’希爾達笑著說?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫瑪雅的秘密是什么。

②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“現(xiàn)在凱瑟琳意識到發(fā)生了什么事?！笨芍?，第二段可描寫凱瑟琳的對這件事的反應(yīng)以及事情的結(jié)果。

2.續(xù)寫線索：訓(xùn)練海豚——發(fā)現(xiàn)秘密——分析秘密——互相協(xié)商——共同配合——良好結(jié)果

3.詞匯激活

行為類

①密密地：secretly/in private

②收集：collect/gather

③隱藏：hid/conceal

情緒類

①驚訝地：in surprise/in amazement

②笑：laugh/smile

【點睛】【高分句型1】The truth of the matter, Hilda continued, is that Maya has been secretly collecting items from the tank, hiding them near the filter in the back of the tank. (運用了that引導(dǎo)的表語從句和現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)

【高分句型2】I’ll give her treats, the number of which I can increase. (運用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句)

2024新高考九省聯(lián)考考試時間及科目一覽

新高考九省聯(lián)考是為了讓學(xué)生體驗新高考形式、了解選考科目等級賦分方式,并幫助他們做出更好的升學(xué)規(guī)劃而舉辦的。

2024新高考九省聯(lián)考考試時間1月19日

上午語文考試時間：9：00-11：30

下午數(shù)學(xué)考試時間：15：00-17：00

2024新高考九省聯(lián)考考試時間1月20日

上午物理/歷史考試時間：9：00-10：15

下午外語考試時間：15：00-17：00

2024新高考九省聯(lián)考考試時間1月21日

上午化學(xué)考試時間：8：30-9：45。地理考試時間：11：00-12：15

下午思想政治考試時間：14：30-15：45。生物學(xué)考試時間：17：00-18：15

根據(jù)文件的要求，九省聯(lián)考的語數(shù)外由教育部教育考試院提供，因此試卷結(jié)構(gòu)參考現(xiàn)在的新課標新高考卷。副科(物理、歷史、化學(xué)、生物、地理、政治)由各省自主命題。其中新疆只參加主科語數(shù)外考試，河南語數(shù)外考試時間一致，理綜、文綜考試時間為1月20日9：00-11：30。

新高考九省聯(lián)考和傳統(tǒng)高考哪一個更公平

新高考九省聯(lián)考和傳統(tǒng)高考的公平性是相對的，兩者都有其優(yōu)點和不足之處。

新高考九省聯(lián)考是為了讓學(xué)生們提前適應(yīng)新高考的節(jié)奏和模式，因此考試內(nèi)容和形式都可能與傳統(tǒng)的文理綜高考有所不同。這需要學(xué)生們在備考過程中不僅掌握知識點，還要注重思維的拓展和靈活運用。同時，新高考更加注重對學(xué)生綜合素質(zhì)和能力的考察，為學(xué)生提供了更多的選擇自由度。但是，由于新高考的考試難度相對較高，對于一些基礎(chǔ)薄弱的學(xué)生來說可能會感到困難。此外，新高考的錄取方式也與傳統(tǒng)高考有所不同，除了考試成績外，還會參考學(xué)生的綜合素質(zhì)評價和其他方面的表現(xiàn)，這也有利于那些全面發(fā)展的學(xué)生。

傳統(tǒng)高考雖然科目選擇和組合相對較少，但是其考試難度相對較低，更加注重基礎(chǔ)知識的考察。同時，傳統(tǒng)高考的錄取方式相對簡單明了，主要依據(jù)考試成績進行錄取，這也有利于那些專注于學(xué)習(xí)、應(yīng)試能力強的學(xué)生。

因此，無法簡單地判斷哪一個更加公平。公平性取決于很多因素，包括考試內(nèi)容、考試難度、錄取方式、評分標準等等。一個公平的考試應(yīng)該是能夠全面考察學(xué)生的綜合素質(zhì)和能力，同時又能夠避免主觀因素和人為操作的影響。無論是新高考還是傳統(tǒng)高考，都需要不斷完善和改進，以確保考試的公平性和公正性。