托福備考需要一些實(shí)用的材料幫助我們學(xué)習(xí)，下面小編就給大家分享一下托福閱讀的權(quán)威備考資料，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助!

托福閱讀的權(quán)威備考資料

托福閱讀備考中推薦使用的主要材料有：托福官方指南(OG)，TPO1-31，老托福閱讀100篇。

首先說OG，這本書對(duì)于初學(xué)者來說是比較重要的。拿到手時(shí)，先看一下36頁(yè)到60頁(yè)的內(nèi)容，涉及十大題型的介紹，每個(gè)題型下面都有相應(yīng)例題。在所有題型介紹完之后，有六篇和考試相仿的文章，可以挑出其中一篇或三篇用于自測(cè)。書中所附的答案都有詳盡的解釋。在上任何輔導(dǎo)班之前，都有必要自己先了解一下，這一方面在于摸清自己的水平，一方面也能提高之后首次課的聽課效率。

其次是需要重點(diǎn)利用的材料，TPO1-31。TPO(TOEFL Practice Online)本來是在線測(cè)試的題目，現(xiàn)在在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上都能找到?？架浖婧蛍ord文檔版，也可以直接找同學(xué)老師拷貝。不定期會(huì)有更新，現(xiàn)在一共出到了31套，也就是有93篇文章，相較于OG上面的文章來說。TPO 的難度是有所提升的 (最新版OG的3套練習(xí)均來自TPO)。TPO是托福考試的出題者制作的，是最接近考試難度的備考材料。任何主流的輔導(dǎo)班，基本都是以此為重點(diǎn)加以講解分析。因此，TPO在質(zhì)和量上都能滿足任何學(xué)霸。

經(jīng)常有學(xué)生問是不是越到后面的文章越難，但其實(shí)難度分布沒有這一規(guī)律。如TPO1-2、8-3、9-2、13-2、16-2、19-1、19-3就比后面很多文章難得很多。使用方法是：

1、利用word版，從TPO1到10，可以按照OG中十大題型(除了內(nèi)容小結(jié)題和圖表題)的分類進(jìn)行專門的題型練習(xí)，結(jié)合OG總結(jié)出一套自己的做題方法。

2、利用word版，從TPO10到15，進(jìn)行整篇文章的整合訓(xùn)練，看前面所有的題型結(jié)合起來，在整篇文章中是如何能起到相互彌補(bǔ)的作用。這時(shí)的練習(xí)不需要計(jì)時(shí)。關(guān)鍵在于吃透題目、段落之間的關(guān)系?？偨Y(jié)出內(nèi)容小結(jié)題和圖表題的做題方法，同時(shí)回顧之前篇章的這兩個(gè)題目。

3、利用word版，從TPO16到20，整篇文章的計(jì)時(shí)練習(xí)。時(shí)間可以由慢到快(25分鐘到23分鐘再到20分鐘)。分析錯(cuò)題原因的同時(shí)分析哪些題目上需要提速。

4、利用模考軟件版，從TPO21到31，可以根據(jù)自己在步驟3中的情況，選擇繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持整篇練習(xí)或者開始整套(1小時(shí))練習(xí)。

上述過程中所有做過的題目，最好使用word版保存錯(cuò)題，錯(cuò)題分析要找到原文對(duì)應(yīng)依據(jù)，寫出自己當(dāng)時(shí)的思路，分析自己的錯(cuò)因，以備在所有TPO做完之后再一次回顧錯(cuò)題，考前復(fù)習(xí)。另外，從TPO1開始，建立一個(gè)exel表格，養(yǎng)成整理生詞的習(xí)慣，供反復(fù)復(fù)習(xí)。

最后說一下老托閱讀100篇的使用。該材料可以在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上搜到。這個(gè)是之前老托考試的題目，詞語(yǔ)和句子的難度上不亞于新托福，但是題目難度上不高。每篇文章是新托的一半，即350字左右。對(duì)于基礎(chǔ)薄弱的學(xué)員不推薦使用(基礎(chǔ)薄弱的學(xué)員先背好四級(jí)單詞，把OG上15篇文章全部翻譯弄懂，然后就可以開始TPO了)，而對(duì)于已經(jīng)把TPO做得滾瓜爛熟又比較空虛的學(xué)員，可以用老托來對(duì)自己的托福單詞查缺補(bǔ)漏，長(zhǎng)句子可以練習(xí)翻譯斷句。題目因?yàn)樵陔y度上與新托福有差距，并不推薦花太多時(shí)間去做和研究。對(duì)于題目的研究，精力集中在TPO的錯(cuò)題上是最好的。

托福閱讀真題1

Pheromones are substances that serve as chemical signals between members of the same species. They are secreted to the outside of the body and cause other individuals of the species to have specific reactions. Pheromones, which are sometimes called social hormones, affect a group of individuals somewhat like hormones do an individual animal. Pheromones are the predominant medium of communication among insects (but rarely the sole method). Some species have simple pheromone systems and produce only a few pheromones, but others produce many with various functions. Pheromone systems are the most complex in some of the so-called social insects, insects that live in organized groups.

Chemical communication differs from that by sight or sound in several ways. Transmission is relatively slow (the chemical signals are usually airborne), but the signal can be persistent, depending upon the volatility of the chemical, and is sometimes effective over a very long range. Localization of the signal is generally poorer than localization of a sound or visual stimulus and is usually effected by the animal's moving upwind in response to the stimulus. The ability to modulate a chemical signal is limited, compared with communication by visual or acoustic means, but some pheromones may convey different meanings and consequently result in different behavioral or physiological responses, depending on their concentration or when presented in combination. The modulation of chemical signals occurs via the elaboration of the number of exocrine glands that produce pheromones. Some species, such as ants, seem to be very articulate creatures, but their medium of communication is difficult for humans to study and appreciate because of our own olfactory, insensitivity and the technological difficulties in detecting and analyzing these pheromones. Pheromones play numerous roles in the activities of insects. They may act as alarm substances, play a role in individual and group recognition, serve as attractants between sexes, mediate the formation of aggregations, identify foraging trails, and be involved in caste determination. For example, pheromones involved in caste determination include the queen substance produced by queen honey bees. Aphids, which are particularly vulnerable to predators because of their gregarious habits and sedentary nature, secrete an alarm pheromone when attacked that causes nearby aphids to respond by moving away.

1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) How insects use pheromones to communicate

(B) How pheromones are produced by insects

(C) Why analyzing insect pheromones is difficult

(D) The different uses of pheromones among various insect species

2. The word serve in line 1 is closest in meaning to

(A) improve

(B) function

(C) begin

(D) rely

3. The purpose of the second mention of hormones in line 4 is to point out

(A) chemical signals that are common among insects

(B) specific responses of various species to chemical signals

(C) similarities between two chemical substances

(D) how insects produce different chemical substances

4. The word sole in line 6

is closest in meaning to

(A) obvious

(B) best

(C) only

(D) final

5. The passage suggests that the speed at which communication through pheromones occurs is

dependent on how quickly they

(A) lose their effectiveness

(B) evaporate in the air

(C) travel through the air

(D) are produced by the body

6. According to the passage , the meaning of a message communicated through a pheromone

may vary when the

(A) chemical structure of the pheromone is changed

(B) pheromone is excreted while other pheromones are also being excreted

(C) exocrine glands do not produce the pheromone

(D) pheromone is released near certain specific organisms

7. The word detecting in line 23 is closest in meaning to

(A) controlling

(B) storing

(C) questioning

(D) finding

8. According to paragraph 2, which of the following has made the study of pheromones difficult?

(A) Pheromones cannot be easily reproduced in chemical laboratories.

(B) Existing technology cannot fully explore the properties of pheromones.

(C) Pheromones are highly volatile.

(D) Pheromone signals are constantly changing.

9. The word They in line 24 refers to

(A) pheromones

(B) roles

(C) activities

(D) insects

10. The word sedentary in line 29 is closest in meaning to

(A) inactive

(B) inefficient

(C) unchangeable

(D) unbalanced

11. Pheromone systems are relatively complex in insects that

(A) also communicate using sight and sound

(B) live underground

(C) prey on other insects

(D) live in organized groups

PASSAGE 95 ABCCB ADBAAD

托福閱讀真題2

The Homestead Act of 1862 gave heads of families or individuals aged twenty-one or older the right to own 160 acres of public land in the western United States after five years of residence and improvement. This law was intended to provide land for small farmers and to prevent land from being bought for resale at a profit or being owned by large landholders. An early amendment to the act even prevented husbands and wives from filing separate claims. The West, land reformers had assumed, would soon contain many 160-acre family farms.

They were doomed to disappointment. Most landless Americans were too poor to become farmers even when they could obtain land without cost. The expense of moving a family to the ever-receding frontier exceeded the means of many, and the cost of tools, draft animals, a wagon, a well, fencing, and of building the simplest house, might come to class="main">