雅思寫(xiě)作怎么避免口語(yǔ)化表達(dá)

時(shí)間：2020-07-10 11:48:09 楚薇0由分享

雅思寫(xiě)作怎么避免口語(yǔ)化表達(dá)

一，請(qǐng)避免人的主語(yǔ)

口語(yǔ)中我們很習(xí)慣用“某個(gè)人做某件事”來(lái)構(gòu)成基本句式，以至于議論文中有的考生依然寫(xiě)的是這樣的句子：

More and more young students go abroad because they want to get better education and find a better job in the future. I think that they may have problems in study and also in life.

上例中第一句的主句和狀語(yǔ)從句中都是以某個(gè)人開(kāi)始的，第二句中主句和賓語(yǔ)從句也是以人做主語(yǔ)。雖然說(shuō)這兩個(gè)句子的WPS(每句中的詞匯數(shù))都超過(guò)10個(gè)，應(yīng)該說(shuō)不能算是寫(xiě)的特別初級(jí)的簡(jiǎn)單句，如果句法和詞匯沒(méi)有問(wèn)題還是很有希望達(dá)到6分的。但如果全篇都是這樣的句式，整個(gè)文章就顯得幼稚，類似于記敘文寫(xiě)作，絕對(duì)突破不了7分。

其實(shí)改法很簡(jiǎn)單：我們只要避免從“某個(gè)人”開(kāi)始句子就可以了，也就是說(shuō)用比較客觀的就事論事的態(tài)度。如：避免“學(xué)生出國(guó)”，只寫(xiě)“出國(guó)”;避免“他們想要…”，只寫(xiě)“想要…”。這樣，上面的句子就可以寫(xiě)成：go abroad to get better education and find a better job in the future,不但很客觀，而且把原來(lái)的主句和從句兩部分精簡(jiǎn)處理成了一個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。既可以做謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞加上原來(lái)的一個(gè)主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成句子，也可以用不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞處理為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或者狀語(yǔ)，還可以以從句的形式處理。至于原來(lái)第一句中的主語(yǔ)young students可以用介詞短語(yǔ)的形式插入不定式或者動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)中，而下面的句子里的評(píng)價(jià)部分的內(nèi)容提上來(lái)做主句的謂語(yǔ)，組成一個(gè)新的句式。

另外，第二例句中的“have”，一般情況下主語(yǔ)都是某個(gè)人，而在寫(xiě)作中多為“there be”句型所代替，更加客觀。所以上面的兩個(gè)例句就可以合并成一句：

There may be problems in study and also in life for young students to go abroad in order to get better education and find a better job in the future.

這樣合并不但客觀而且精煉，每個(gè)單位句子所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容自然就擴(kuò)大，詞匯密度也相應(yīng)地增多，自然容易得高分，如果加上個(gè)別單詞或短語(yǔ)的替換，就可以達(dá)到7分。但切記不可機(jī)械照搬范文中的長(zhǎng)句，從雅思中國(guó)網(wǎng)的學(xué)員反饋情況看判為模板的文章最低分?jǐn)?shù)降至4.5.

更進(jìn)一步說(shuō)，“have”和“there be”句型都可以簡(jiǎn)化成更簡(jiǎn)單的介詞“with”結(jié)構(gòu)，如以下所示：

On the table is a box. There is a cover beside it.

這兩個(gè)小句子是小作文的流程圖中經(jīng)常要用到的具體描寫(xiě)事物的句型，凡是描寫(xiě)具有某種屬性或者帶有某種外部特征都可以用”with”結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)，所以上述兩句可以合并成：On the table is a box with a cover beside it.

除了一般的“某個(gè)人做某件事情”和“…h(huán)ave…”句型，常見(jiàn)的人化主語(yǔ)的句型還有很受考生偏愛(ài)的幾個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如can, may, should等。一般建議前兩個(gè)改成It is likely /possible to do/ that….;后一個(gè)改成It is necessary/ imperative/ highly expected/ suggested that sth. be done.的句式，請(qǐng)看下面的例示：

We can go anywhere we like with our bicycle. →It is possible for us to go anywhere we like with our bicycle.

To curb global warming, our government should promulgate new laws to govern the felling of trees.→To curb global warming, it is imperative that our government promulgate new laws to govern the felling of trees.

歸納起來(lái)說(shuō)，議論文中我們要積極避免“某個(gè)人”做主語(yǔ)，盡量用不定式、動(dòng)名詞或者一個(gè)從句做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用評(píng)價(jià)性的動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)，這樣就可以由記敘文性質(zhì)的“過(guò)程性句式”順利轉(zhuǎn)化成更符合議論文文風(fēng)的客觀評(píng)價(jià)性的句式。

(//unsplash.com/photos/B7ZA7c6aPyM)

二，多使用被動(dòng)句式

在比較正式的新聞、商務(wù)、法律等英語(yǔ)(論壇)文體中，被動(dòng)句式因?yàn)槠涓怀隹陀^性的賓語(yǔ)或者事實(shí)被廣為使用。雅思的圖表分析和議論文都是比較正式的文體，所以我們也應(yīng)該注意多用被動(dòng)句式。尤其是在以下兩個(gè)方面：

1.主語(yǔ)不確定

Someone murdered the millionaire last night.→The millionaire was murdered last night.

2. 主語(yǔ)是泛指很多人或者大部分人

To improve the air quality, we should reduce the use of private cars. →To improve the air quality, the use of private cars should be reduced.

Most people think that we can get a large share of benefit in the sales campaign.→It is widely believed that we can get a large share of benefit in the sales campaign.

被動(dòng)句的用法不僅體現(xiàn)在主句中，在從句、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)中都有可能用到，如：

It is important for nations all over the world to join hands to control the software piracy. →It is important for nations all over the world to join hands to have the software piracy controlled.

I don’t expect that she returned. → She is not expected to have returned.

I am not sure whether the college graduates will find jobs in the financially difficult year. →I am not sure whether the college graduates will get employed in the financially difficult year.

但是因?yàn)闈h語(yǔ)中本來(lái)是沒(méi)有被動(dòng)句式的，所以受漢化思維的影響很多考生不會(huì)想到這一點(diǎn)。這就要求我們對(duì)此要引起足夠的重視，并且在平時(shí)多加練習(xí)以培養(yǎng)對(duì)其敏感度。

三，注意名詞化句式表達(dá)

寫(xiě)作中把原本用動(dòng)詞或者形容詞表達(dá)的地方換成名詞叫做名詞化(nominalization)。名詞化是為了避免太多動(dòng)詞造成的句法處理上的困難，同時(shí)也可以把某些陳述型的句式轉(zhuǎn)化成更客觀的評(píng)價(jià)句，更符合議論文的文體要求。如：

Our monitor didn’t come today. He has got a flu.

很明顯這兩個(gè)小句可以用因果關(guān)系的信號(hào)詞連成一句：Because our monitor has a flu, he didn’t come today.，但這個(gè)because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句以及其它的狀語(yǔ)從句是考生們很常用的復(fù)合句，雖然看似比較復(fù)雜，其實(shí)仍然是某個(gè)人做主語(yǔ)。如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞掌握得好，可能我們會(huì)想到用Having a flu, our monitor didn’t come today.如果我們把前后兩部分分別用一個(gè)概括性的名詞來(lái)替代，中間加上我們熟悉的表示因果關(guān)系的動(dòng)詞，這個(gè)句子就非常符合議論文的風(fēng)格：The flu caused the absence of our monitor today.或者The absence of our monitor is because of his illness.至少我們可以盡量將其中的一個(gè)小句變成名詞，減少某個(gè)人做主語(yǔ)的口語(yǔ)化句式的出現(xiàn)頻率。

雖然這種表達(dá)方法更為客觀，句式上更加簡(jiǎn)潔，但是用比較抽象的概括性詞匯來(lái)寫(xiě)句子對(duì)于越來(lái)越趨于低齡化的考生來(lái)說(shuō)的確是個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。但是有一些單詞是我們?cè)趯?xiě)作中幾乎必須要用到的，平時(shí)要備好以下幾個(gè)常見(jiàn)的名詞化：lack of(if there is no…), ignorance of (don’t know …), illiteracy in(can’t read…/ can’t use…), failure (didn’t do…)等。而且在具體的使用過(guò)程中可以結(jié)合介詞with使用，使得句法更加凝練。此外個(gè)別單詞也可以利用題目中的動(dòng)詞的名詞性后綴如： -tion，-ment, -isation, -ness, -ity等或者變成動(dòng)名詞形式-ing。如：

More younger generations celebrate the western festivals→the celebration of the western festivals by more younger generations

四，避免其他口語(yǔ)化表達(dá)

如more and more/ a lot等口語(yǔ)化的短語(yǔ)盡量避免，可以用increasing(ly)， a large number of…/a great deal of…./swarms of…等代替。此外縮略形式也是正式的寫(xiě)作中要避免的。

雅思寫(xiě)作真題薈萃1

Some young children spend a great amount of their time practicing sports. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this. Use specific reasons

It is sometimes said that borrowing money from a friend can harm or damage the friendship. Do you agree? Why or why not? Use reasons and examples in your answer.

Every generation of people is different in important ways. How is your generation different from your parents’generation? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your answer.

Some people pay money for the things they want or need. Other people trade products or goods for what they need. Compare the advantages of these two ways of obtaining things. Which way do you prefer? Explain why.

Imagine that you have received some land to use as you wish. How would you use this land? Use specific details to explain your answer.

Some people like doing work by hand. Others prefer using machines. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

You want to persuade someone to study your native language.What reasons would you give?Support your answer with specific details.

You have been asked to suggest improvements to a park that you have visited. This might be a city park.a regional park,or a national park.What improvements would you make?Why?Use specific reasons and examples to support your recommendations.

雅思寫(xiě)作真題薈萃2

辨證客觀思維題：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?People should read only those books that are about real events,real people, and established facts.Use specific reasons and details to support your opinion.

熟知問(wèn)題：Films can tell us a lot about the country in which they were made. What have you learned about a country from watching its movies?Use specific examples and details to support your response.

學(xué)校教育問(wèn)題：Some people say that phyical exercise should be a required part of every school day.Other people believe that students should spend the whole day on academic studies.Which opinion do you agree with?Give reasons to support your answer.

常見(jiàn)選擇性題：Some people prefer to spend most of their time alone.Others like to be with friends most of the time.Do you prefer to spend your time alone or with friends?Give reasons to support your answer.

西方關(guān)注變化題：If you could invent something new.what product would you develop?Use specific details to explain why this invention in needed.

常見(jiàn)比較題：It has been said."Not everything that is learned is contained in books."Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books.In your opinion,which source is more important?why?9、6辨證客觀性思維題：

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Playing a game is fun only when you win. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

G類學(xué)生問(wèn)為何不分開(kāi)了，其實(shí)TASK2是一樣的常見(jiàn)的比較性題目

Because of developments in communication and transportation，countries are becoming more and more alike.How is your country becoming more similar to other places in the world?Use specific examples and details support your answer.

西方人關(guān)注的“變化”題If you could change one important thing about your hometown, what would you change? Use reasons and specific example to support your answer.

關(guān)于學(xué)校和教育的話題--People attend colleges or universities for many different reasons(for example,new experiences,career preparation, increased knowledge).why do you think people attend colleges?Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

熟知問(wèn)題篇--In general. people are living longer now.Discuss the causes of this phenomenon. Use specific reasons and detail to develop your essay.

雅思寫(xiě)作真題薈萃3

A類：Over past 50 years, young people gain status and power but old people have lost. What is the cause and is it a good development or bad development?

G類：Task 1:You and your family are living in a rented accommodation in an English-speaking country,You are not satisfied because there are something wrong with the furniture. So write a letter to the landlord andask how to resole the problem.

Task 2:Young people are exposed to a great amount of information such as film, book, Internet.In what ways they give bad influence on young people and explain the reason, how to reduce the bad influence with examples.

A類：Strong tradition對(duì)一個(gè)nation有civilize的作用do you think government should subsidizes the musicians, artists, actors or drama companies, do u agree or disagree, what should government do?

G類：People doing different kinds of work enjoy different amount of holiday time. Should people have the same amount of leisure time? Give your opinion using some of your own experience.

A類：Some people believe that a country should have the moral obligation to help the other country and some of the people think that exist the misspending of the government and the aid money can not be got by the poor. What is your opinion?

G類：Some people think that children’s lives will be different from their own. Whit is your opinion? Explain the reasons by your experience and examples.

A類：Some people think that machine translation is highly developed in today’s society, therefore it is not necessary for children to learn a foreign language. What’s your opinion?

G類：Today some person has to work away from his family, what is the advantages and disadvantages? Give your opinion and some explains of your experience.

A類：Someone say the age of book is past, the info will be presented by some multimedia tools such as video, computer, television and film , others think the book and the written words will be necessary for spread info & complete education. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.

G類：The culture of different countries are becoming similar so there is no pint for people to go traveling abroad for they could have same experience at home agree or disagree.

A類：有些人把動(dòng)物當(dāng)作寵物有些人則當(dāng)作食物和衣服的資源你覺(jué)的呢請(qǐng)從以上兩個(gè)方面討論并寫(xiě)出自己的觀點(diǎn)

G類：居住在城市里的和居住在農(nóng)村里的人的性格有什么影響舉例說(shuō)明Your character is strongly influenced by the placeswheresyou grew up.–In what ways can growing up in a city or growing up in the countryside influenced people’s character? Give you relative experiences.

A類：現(xiàn)在很多國(guó)家的學(xué)校都分男校和女校談一下它的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)

G類：有人認(rèn)為National Costumes有助于保持傳統(tǒng)故認(rèn)為人們要每天穿著National Costumes. Agree? Explain. In many countries, people don’t wear their national costume. Many people think it will forget their history and tradition. So, people should be encouraged to wear national costume every day. You agree or disagree. (This is argument topic, u should support one or another)

A類：More and more women go out to work. It is responsibility of government to provide staff and facilities for children of working mother, free of charge. To what extent do you agree or disagree.

G類：現(xiàn)在的食物和cooking都在改變請(qǐng)說(shuō)明傳統(tǒng)食物改變?cè)蚝涂捶ńY(jié)合所在地方的情況舉例子

A類：現(xiàn)在很多國(guó)家的學(xué)校存在很嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題是由于學(xué)生的態(tài)度引起的這些問(wèn)題是怎樣形成的你有什么建議來(lái)改變這種情況In many countries schools have several problems of students behavior, Please give some cause of it and some suggest.

G類：一些人認(rèn)為母親不能同時(shí)出去工作和成為一個(gè)好母親所以政府應(yīng)該付給母親工資讓她們好好在家?guī)Ш⒆幽愕挠^點(diǎn)用你的例子和你的經(jīng)驗(yàn)說(shuō)明

A類：英國(guó)和國(guó)際旅游業(yè)的流行會(huì)不會(huì)導(dǎo)致小語(yǔ)種和小民族的傷害The spread of English and development of the international tourism have some negative effects to the country’s language andculture development? What extent do you agree or disagree?

G類：有人喜歡從事高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)如登山等人們說(shuō)不值得讓救援人員冒生命危險(xiǎn)去救他們應(yīng)對(duì)生命負(fù)責(zé)對(duì)嗎說(shuō)自己的觀點(diǎn)舉例

A類：體育專業(yè)是否應(yīng)該拿錢(qián)比其它重要的專業(yè)多，兩方面討論，還要舉例子Successful sports professionals earn a great deal much more than people in other important professions describe two views and your opinion.

G類：關(guān)于VIOLIANTFILMS你有什么看法對(duì)人有什么影響根據(jù)你的經(jīng)驗(yàn)說(shuō)說(shuō)?

A類：寫(xiě)某篇研究報(bào)道發(fā)現(xiàn)NOUNG WOMEN的犯罪率在升高，請(qǐng)給出一些POSSIBLE的理由和辦法The rate of young women crimes is rising in the current society. What are the causes and how to solve it?

G類：Parent should limit children time of watching TV and playing computer game, others Insister children spend reading books, agree or disagree?

A類：Traveling abroad work for period of months or years, advandges or disadvandges to people and country

G類：Do you think poeple do different jobs they should have different time holidayare you agree or disagree , give your reason an explain.

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