雅思聽(tīng)力句子完成題的3種主要類型講解
講解將句子完成題按照句式的邏輯關(guān)系分為3種,下面小編分別講解3種不同類型題目的解題步驟,并歸納了它們共通的解題方法。一起來(lái)看看吧!
雅思聽(tīng)力句子完成題的3種主要類型講解
雅思聽(tīng)力句子完成題的3種主要類型講解為大家?guī)?lái)句子完成題的3種主要類別展示和分析。句子完成題的解題關(guān)鍵在于知道空格里面要填的是什么類型的詞語(yǔ),是人物,地點(diǎn),原因,還是其他的。然后帶著問(wèn)題去聽(tīng)力中找答案。它的難點(diǎn)在于題干中的句式和原文中的句式是不同的,因此我們需要進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。
句子完成在雅思考試聽(tīng)力部分4個(gè)section中均有出現(xiàn)的可能,且難度跨度較大,其最大的特征是句子結(jié)構(gòu)和聽(tīng)力原文相比變化較大,因此考生在定位上會(huì)有比較大的障礙,換而言之,對(duì)于聽(tīng)力理解的要求增高了。
分析認(rèn)為,在進(jìn)行句子填空題的讀題時(shí),空前后兩邊相鄰的一些關(guān)鍵信息像介詞,連詞,動(dòng)詞等是我們著重要關(guān)注的,比如and, or, either… or …, both … and …, 等,這些詞左右兩邊的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該保持一致。
“二合一轉(zhuǎn)述”之“并列關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)述”
并列連詞的出現(xiàn)尤為關(guān)鍵,是因?yàn)椤岸弦弧鞭D(zhuǎn)述是雅思聽(tīng)力中最高頻的含義轉(zhuǎn)述方式之一,在題目中以and連接為主要形式之一,不管是在平時(shí)練習(xí)還是考試都需要予以重視。觀察一些例子:
【原創(chuàng)范例】(1)There are high-speed trains in Japan and ……….
(2)Float records changes in salinity and ……….
(3)Realists focused on events that were ……… and typical rather than extraordinary.
(4)Some governments encourage the new industry by ………. and offering extra tax breaks.
【范例剖析】看過(guò)這四個(gè)例子會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn):
第1題中,and左邊是“Japan”,因此其右應(yīng)當(dāng)是一個(gè)“國(guó)家”或“地區(qū)”。
第2題and左邊是名詞“salinity”那么右邊空同樣也是“名詞”。
而第3題空右方“typical”是形容詞,根據(jù)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)此處同樣是“形容詞”。
第4題and左邊有by,而右邊是offering extra tax breaks,因此我們完全可以推斷此處應(yīng)填“動(dòng)名詞詞組”。
【范例原文】
(1) These kind of trains can be found not only in Japan but also in Italy.
(2) It collects all sorts of data, most importantly variations in salinity – that’s salt levels - and the
changes in temperature.
(3) However, as to the Realists, it seems that more emphasis was put on ordinary and typical events, rather than extraordinary or exotic.
(4) Some governments subsidize this technology. While in some countries, you do not have to pay as much tax on the purchase of a hybrid car as you would have to on a regular car. This is generally called a tax break
【范例答案】
(1) Italy
(2) temperature 或 changes in temperature
(3) ordinary
(4) subsidizing (the) technology
“二合一轉(zhuǎn)述”之“因果關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)述”
以上是二合一轉(zhuǎn)述中的“并列”轉(zhuǎn)述。二合一轉(zhuǎn)述中還有一類較為常見(jiàn)的“因果關(guān)系”轉(zhuǎn)述。
【典型范例】The insulation might cause the Earth ……………
【范例原文】The insulation might get thicker. Because of this, the Earth might get warmer.
【范例剖析】聽(tīng)題過(guò)程中,because一詞的出現(xiàn)應(yīng)迅速對(duì)應(yīng)上題目中的cause,此處答案為: get warmer
“因果關(guān)系”轉(zhuǎn)述的特點(diǎn)決定了在考試中,一些表示因果關(guān)系的詞的出現(xiàn)也必須引起重視,比如because, so, cause, lead to, generated by等。
特別在明顯特征信號(hào)詞難以把握的情況下,就要充分運(yùn)用特殊信號(hào)詞來(lái)幫助自己提高警惕,把握重點(diǎn)和主次。
【典型范例】Main focus of lecture: the impact of ………… on the occurrence of dust storms.
【范例原文】As you know, dust storms have always been a feature of desert climates, but what we want to focus on today is the extent to which human activity is causing them
【范例剖析】除了but之外,此題另外一個(gè)幫助縮小定位的詞就是causing一詞,能夠與題目中的impact迅速對(duì)應(yīng)上。而此處的答案即為:human activity
“轉(zhuǎn)述關(guān)系”之“主被動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)述”
分析認(rèn)為,除了“二合一”轉(zhuǎn)述,雅思考試聽(tīng)力部分另外一類較為常見(jiàn)的轉(zhuǎn)述方式是“主被動(dòng)”句式轉(zhuǎn)換。
【典型范例】The metal industry was established at Riverside Village by ………… who lived in the area.
【范例原文】At that time, local craftsmen first built an iron forge just behind the village here, on the bend in the river.
【范例剖析】讀題時(shí)應(yīng)能夠判斷這個(gè)句子是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),那么原文使用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的概率會(huì)相當(dāng)大,即,句子的答案是主語(yǔ)部分,此處缺失的則是表示somebody的答案。
一般情況下,答案預(yù)測(cè)為somebody,那么答案可能性有兩種,一種是“人名”,
另外一種是“職務(wù)”,在考試中,以考職務(wù)作為考點(diǎn)居多。
【范例答案】local craftsmen
【典型范例】The people of the town built a ………… of a dog.
【范例原文】Just outside the country town of Gundagai, is a statue built to commemorate a dog
【范例剖析】此題同上也是原文和題目之間為主被動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換關(guān)系。只是題目中是主動(dòng)句,那此時(shí)首先在讀題時(shí)要有這個(gè)意識(shí),可能原文考點(diǎn)內(nèi)容將以被動(dòng)句式出現(xiàn)。
當(dāng)然,若能在讀題時(shí)判斷所需要填的答案為built sth,建造什么東西,什么建筑物之類的賓語(yǔ),那么在聽(tīng)題時(shí)利用預(yù)測(cè)則能更加有針對(duì)性地捕捉到答案。在聽(tīng)到is a ……….. built to 時(shí),結(jié)合瞬間記憶可判斷出,此處答案為:statue
【典型范例】According to the accommodation rules, ………… can’t be changed.
【范例原文】You must remember that no changes can be made to meal times
【范例剖析】此題中除了明顯的主被動(dòng)句式轉(zhuǎn)化之外,還有change這一詞在名、動(dòng)兩種詞性之間的轉(zhuǎn)換,即,原文錄音中的no changes和題目中的can’t be changed意義相同。此處答案為:meal times
【溫馨提示】同以“but”為代表的“轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系”和以“because”為代表的“因果關(guān)系”信號(hào)詞一樣,表示“強(qiáng)調(diào)”的特殊關(guān)系信號(hào)詞的出現(xiàn)亦需要提高警惕,以防存在考點(diǎn),例如通過(guò)以上兩個(gè)范例可以發(fā)現(xiàn),原文中在強(qiáng)調(diào)詞“just”和“must”之后均為答案集中點(diǎn)。
句子完成縱有難度,然而,一旦考生能夠?qū)⑦@一題型掌握得較為透徹,對(duì)于其他題型例如table completion(復(fù)雜表格)、summary completion(段落填空)、flow chart completion(流程填空)等的解答也將是有一定的幫助作用的。因此,強(qiáng)烈建議考生千萬(wàn)要加強(qiáng)對(duì)句子完成綜合思路的理解和把握。
雅思聽(tīng)力詞匯:關(guān)于藥劑
高頻詞:
pills藥丸
tablet藥片ca
psule膠囊
mixture合劑e
ye drops眼藥水
syrup糖漿
pad藥棉塊
vitamin維他命
penicillin盤(pán)尼西林
antibiotic抗生素
ointment藥膏m
edication藥物
aspirin阿司匹林
cold cure感冒藥
sweating medicine發(fā)汗藥
febrifuge退燒藥
雅思聽(tīng)力詞匯:關(guān)于治療
高頻詞:
bandage繃帶
syringe注射器
stethoscope聽(tīng)診器in
jection注射
preventive injection預(yù)防針
gauze紗布
case history病歷
extract拔牙
take one’s temperature量體溫
feel one’s pulse量脈搏
take one’s blood pressure量血壓
give a prescription開(kāi)藥方
have an operation動(dòng)手術(shù)
雅思聽(tīng)力詞匯:度假場(chǎng)景
高頻詞:
make a reservation預(yù)定
confirm a reservation確認(rèn)預(yù)定
book a room/table 預(yù)訂房間/飯桌
cancel one's reservation取消預(yù)定
first come, first serve先到先服務(wù)原則(即不設(shè)預(yù)訂服務(wù))
one-way ticket單程票
round-trip ticket往返票
VIP/first class頭等艙
business class商務(wù)艙
economy class經(jīng)濟(jì)艙
Express way 高速公路
express train 高速列車(chē)
付帳
check(美國(guó))cheque(英)
A.T.M自動(dòng)取款機(jī)
cashier收銀員
loan貸款
draw/withdraw money提款
give the money in fives/tens換成五元或十元面額
pin number/password/code密碼
credit card信用卡
open a student account.開(kāi)個(gè)學(xué)生帳戶
check the present balance in my account. 查詢我?guī)粲囝~
apply for a personal loan. 申請(qǐng)個(gè)人貸款
change pounds into dollars 把英鎊兌換.成美元
the current rate 匯率
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