八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)（一）
八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)（一）
今天小編為大家挑選了一些八年級(jí)的英語(yǔ)知識(shí)，希望同學(xué)們加深記憶，并且可以應(yīng)用到英語(yǔ)考試當(dāng)中，幫助大家獲得高分。
一. 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)
1. on time
2. best wishes
3. give a talk
4. for example
5. short for
6. a waste of time
7. go on a field trip
8. go fishing
9. I agree
10. next week
11. the day after tomorrow
12. have a picnic
13. have some problems doing sth.
14. go the wrong way
15. hurry up
16. get together
17. in the open air
18. on Mid-Autumn Day
19. come over
20. have to
21. get home
22. agree with
23. in the country
24. in town
25. all the same
26. in front of
27. on the left/right side
28. next to
29. up and down
30. keep healthy
31. grow up
32. at the same time
33. the day before yesterday
35. last Saturday
36. half an hour ago
37. a moment ago
38. just now
39. by the way
40. all the time
41. at first
二重要句型
1. have fun doing sth.
2. Why don’t you…?
3. We’re going to do sth.
4. start with sth.
5. Why not…?
6. Are you going to…?
7. be friendly to sb.
8. You’d better do sth.
9. ask sb. for sth.
10. say goodbye to sb.
11. Good luck(with sb)!
三交際用語(yǔ)
1.Welcome backto school!
2.Excuse me. I’m sorry I’m late, because the traffic is bad.
3.It doesn’t matter.
4.Happy Teachers’ Day !
5.That’s a good idea.
6.What are you going to do?
7.Where are we going ?
8.What are we going to do ?
9.I’m good at…
10.It’s not far from…
11. Are you free tomorrow evening?
12.Would you and Lily like to come over to my home for Mid-Autumn Festival?
13.I’m glad you can come.
14.Thanks for asking us.
15.How about another one?
16.May I have a taste?
17.Let me walk with you.
18.What do you have to do?
19.Do you live on a farm?
20.Which do you like better, the city or the country?
21.Which do you like best, dogs, cats or chickens?
22.Shall we go at ten? Good idea!
23.---Let’s make it half past one. ---OK.
24.---Why not come a little earlier? ---All right.
25.Excuse me. Where’s the nearest post office, please?
26.It’s over there on the right.
27.I’m sorry I don’t know.
28.You’d better…
29.Thank you all the same.
30.Which bus do I take?
31.Go along this road.
32.What day was it yesterday?
33.I’m sorry to hear that.
34.I hope you’re better now.
35.Why did you call me?
36.I called to tell…
四重要語(yǔ)法
1.be going to的用法;
2.形容詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí);
3.形容詞和副詞的比較
4.一般過(guò)去時(shí)
名師講解
1. on the street / in the street
表示“在街上”時(shí)，on the street 和 in the street 都可以，在美國(guó)多用on the street, 在英國(guó)多用in the street. 例如：We have a house in the street. 我們?cè)诮稚嫌凶孔?。I met him on the street. 我在街上遇見(jiàn)了他。
2. would like / like
would like 和 like含義不同。like 意思是“喜歡”，“愛(ài)好”，而 would like 意思是“想要”。試比較： I like beer.=I’m fond of beer. 我喜歡喝啤酒。I’d like a glass of beer= I want a glass of beer. 我想要一杯啤酒。Do you like going to the cinema? 你喜歡看電影嗎?Would you like to go to the cinema tonight? 你今晚想去看電影嗎?
3. another / the other
(1)another 通常用于三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上或不確定數(shù)量中的任意一個(gè)人或 物體。 例如：
May I have another apple, please? 請(qǐng)?jiān)诮o我一個(gè)蘋(píng)果好嗎?
This coat is too small for me. Please show me another這件外套我穿太小，請(qǐng)?jiān)俳o我拿一件看看。
(2)the other 通常指兩者中的另一個(gè)。例如：
He has two rulers. One is short. The other is long. 他有兩把尺子，一把短的，另一把長(zhǎng)的。 I have two brothers. One works in Xi’an . The other works in Beijing. 我有兩個(gè)兄弟，一個(gè)在西安工作，另一個(gè)在北京工作。
4. have to /must
(1)have to和 must 都可以用來(lái)談?wù)摿x務(wù)，但用法略有不同。如果某人主觀上覺(jué)得必須去做而又想去時(shí)，常用must。如果談?wù)撃撤N來(lái)自“外界”的義務(wù)，常用have to。例如：I must stop smoking. 我必須戒煙。(自己想戒煙)They have to work for the boss.他們不得不為那個(gè)老板工作。(條件逼得他們?nèi)スぷ?
(2)have to 可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)，must 只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：
I’ll have to get up early tomorrow morning.明天早晨我必須早早起床。We had to work long hours every day in order to get more money.為了多掙錢(qián)，我們不得不每天長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地工作。
(3)用于否定句時(shí)，mustn’t意思是“決不能”，“禁止”，而don’t have to意思是“不必”，相當(dāng)于needn’t。例如：You mustn’t be late again next time.下一次你決不能再遲到。You don’t have to go there today. You can go there tomorrow.你今天不必到那里去了。你可以明天去。
5. hear sb. or sth.doing sth. / herar sb. or sth. do sth.
hear sb. or sth.doing sth.意思是“聽(tīng)到某人或某物在做某事”，而hear sb. or sth. do sth.意思“聽(tīng)到某人或某物做過(guò)某事”。試比較：I hear him singing an English song.聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他在唱英歌曲。
I heard him sing an English song.我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他唱一首英文歌。
類似hear 這種用法的還有see, watch, listen, feel等感官動(dòng)詞。
6. any /some
any和some 都可以同不可數(shù)名詞和可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式連用，但some一般用在肯定句中;any用在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中。試比較：I want some money. 我想要點(diǎn)錢(qián)。Have you any money? 你有錢(qián)嗎?I don’t have any money. 我一點(diǎn)錢(qián)也沒(méi)有。
some 有時(shí)也用于疑問(wèn)句，表示說(shuō)話人期待一個(gè)肯定回答或鼓勵(lì)人家說(shuō)“是”。例如：
Would you like some more beer?請(qǐng)你再來(lái)點(diǎn)啤酒好嗎?
Could I have some rice, please?請(qǐng)給我來(lái)點(diǎn)米飯好嗎?
7. hear /listen to
listen to 和hear 都有“聽(tīng)”的意思，但含義有所不同。Listen to強(qiáng)調(diào)“聽(tīng)”的動(dòng)作，hear 強(qiáng)調(diào)“聽(tīng)”的結(jié)果。例如：Listen to me ,please! I’m going to tell you a story. 請(qǐng)聽(tīng)我說(shuō)!我給你們講個(gè)故事。
Listen! Can you hear someone crying in the next room? 聽(tīng)!你能聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人在隔壁房間里哭嗎?
I listened, but heard nothing.我聽(tīng)了聽(tīng)，但什么也聽(tīng)不見(jiàn)。
hear 后面如果接賓語(yǔ)從句，常常表示“聽(tīng)說(shuō)”。例如：
I hear some foreign students will visit our school.我聽(tīng)說(shuō)一些外國(guó)學(xué)生將要訪問(wèn)我們學(xué)校。
I hear there is going to be a film in our school this evening.我聽(tīng)說(shuō)今晚我們學(xué)校要演一場(chǎng)電影。
8. Let’s… /Let us…
Let’s… 和Let us… 都表示“讓我們……”, 如果us 包括聽(tīng)話人在內(nèi)，其含義相同，附帶問(wèn)句用shall we. 如果us 不包括聽(tīng)話人在內(nèi)，其含義不同，Let us…的附帶問(wèn)句要用will you。例如：Let’s go shopping, shall we? 我們?nèi)ベ?gòu)物好嗎?
9. take/ bring/ carry /get
這四個(gè)動(dòng)詞都有“拿”和“帶”的意思，但含義有所不同。take意為“帶走”，“拿走”，bring意為“帶來(lái)”，“拿來(lái)”, get表示“到別的地方把某人或某物帶來(lái)或拿來(lái)”，carry不強(qiáng)調(diào)方向，帶有負(fù)重的意思。試比較：
My parents often take me there on holidays.我父母常常帶我到那里去度假。
I’m going to take you to Beijing.我準(zhǔn)備帶你去北京。Bring me a cup of tea, please.請(qǐng)給我端杯茶來(lái)。
I’ll bring the book to you tomorrow.明天我把那本書(shū)給你帶來(lái)。The waiter carried the me to the table服務(wù)員把肉送到桌上。The monkey carried the bag on her back.猴子把那個(gè)包背在背上。She went back to get her handbag.他折回去拿他的手提包。Let me get the doctor.讓我去請(qǐng)醫(yī)生吧。
10. far away /faraway
(1)far away是一個(gè)副詞短語(yǔ)，意思是“很遠(yuǎn)”。例如：Some are far away. Some are nearer.有些離得很遠(yuǎn)，有些離得近一些的。The village is far away from here.那個(gè)村子離這兒很遠(yuǎn)。
(2)faraway是一個(gè)形容詞，意思是“遙遠(yuǎn)的”，可以在句中作定語(yǔ)。例如：
He lives in faraway mountain village.他住在一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的小山村。
11. find / look for
find和look for 都有“找”的意思，但含義不同。find 強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”的結(jié)果，而look for 強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”的過(guò)程。請(qǐng)看下列例句：He is looking for his bike.他在找他的自行車。I’m looking for my watch, but can’t find it.我在找我的手表，但是找不到。I hope you will soon find your lost ring.希望你盡快找到丟失的戒指。
另外，find還有“發(fā)現(xiàn)”;“感到”等意思。例如：I found a wallet in the desk.我在課桌里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)錢(qián)包。
I find this book very interesting.我覺(jué)得這本書(shū)很有意思。
12. in front of /in the front of
In front of 表示在某物的前面，不在某物的范圍內(nèi)。In the front of 表示在某物的前部，在某物的范圍內(nèi)。試比較：My seat is in front of Mary’s.我的座位在瑪麗座位的前面。
He is sitting in the front of the car with the driver.他和司機(jī)坐在小車的前部。
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