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英語(yǔ)祈使句的用法(2)

時(shí)間: 若木631 分享

英語(yǔ)祈使句的用法

Do give my regards to your parents!務(wù)必/一定代我向你父母問好!

  祈使句的否定形式是在整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)之前加don’t或never.如:

  Don’t you be nervous!你不要緊張!

  以let為引導(dǎo)詞的祈使句的否定形式通常是在Let’s或Let us/me后加not.如:

  Let’s not waste our time arguing about it!咱們別浪費(fèi)時(shí)間爭(zhēng)論這事了!

  Let’s not say anything about it!這事咱們誰(shuí)也別說!

  但英式英語(yǔ)也用這樣的表達(dá):Don’t let’s say anything about it.

  三、祈使句的反意疑問句

  1.祈使句的反意疑問部分為肯定形式,要用shall,will.如:

  Pass me the book,will you?

  2.Let’s表示第一人稱的祈使句,反意疑問句為“Shall we?”.如:

  Let’s forget it,shall we?

  Let’s go for a walk,shall we?

  3.Let me和Let us 表示第二人稱的祈使句,反意疑問句為“will you?”.如:

  Let us go for a walk,will you?

  4.其它行為動(dòng)詞引起的祈使句,無論其陳述部分是否定還是肯定的祈使句,多用“will you?”,表一種客氣的語(yǔ)氣.如:

  Listen to me,will you?

  Don’t tell anyone about it,will you?

  但在肯定的祈使句后有時(shí)也用“won’t you?”表“提醒對(duì)方注意”或表“邀請(qǐng)”.如:

  Have a cup of coffee,won’t you?

  Come in and take a seat,won’t you/will you?

  四、祈使句用于兩個(gè)重要句型中

  1.“祈使句+and+表結(jié)果的陳述句”用來敘述肯定的條件.

  2.“祈使句+or(else)+表結(jié)果的陳述句”用來敘述否定的條件,or(else)表示“否則;要不然”.試比較:

  Hurry up and you’ll catch the train.(=If you hurry up,you’ll catch the train.)

  Hurry up,or you’ll miss the train.(=If you don’t hurry up,you’ll miss the train.)

  五、祈使句由直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)

  當(dāng)祈使句由直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí),其常用結(jié)構(gòu)為“ask/request/tell/order sb(not)to do sth”.如:

  “Speak loudly,please!” the teacher said to me.(=The teacher asked me to speak loudly.)

  “Don’t smoke in the meeting room!” he said to Tom.(=He told Tom not to smoke in the meeting room.)

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