be動(dòng)詞的用法

　　在英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中，be動(dòng)詞意思和用法很多，一般的意思是：是，此種用法，有多種變化形式，is，am，are，was，were，being，been，to be.另外，be動(dòng)詞還有成為的意思。根據(jù)句子中不同的人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)，應(yīng)該選擇相應(yīng)的be動(dòng)詞。

　　be (be/is/are/am/was/were)

　　[bi:]

　　vi

　　he is, we are, you are, they are (縮略式 I'm, you're, he's, we're, you're, they're), (否定縮略式 I'm not, isn't, aren't), 過(guò)去時(shí) I was, you were, he was, we were, you were, they were (過(guò)去時(shí)否定縮略式 wasn't, weren't),過(guò)去分詞been,現(xiàn)在分詞being

　　英語(yǔ)的“be”是個(gè)特殊動(dòng)詞;有些語(yǔ)言，如馬來(lái)文等，并沒(méi)有“be”這樣的動(dòng)詞。

　　“Be”除了原形的“be”之外，還有另外七種形式：am, is, are, been, being, was, were.

　　在句子中，“be”可以是主動(dòng)詞(The Principal Verb)或助動(dòng)詞(The Auxiliary Verb)

　　【當(dāng)做主動(dòng)詞時(shí)，“be”在性質(zhì)上屬于接系動(dòng)詞(The Linking Verb), 后面要有名詞、形容詞、地方副詞或短語(yǔ)作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(The Complement)。】例如：

　　The man is a science teacher.

　　這個(gè)男子是一位科學(xué)教師。

　　Mary's new dressesare colourful.

　　瑪麗的新衣服色彩鮮艷。

　　I havebeen there before.

　　我以前去過(guò)那里。

　　My motheris in the kitchen now.

　　我媽媽現(xiàn)在在廚房里。

　　★這四個(gè)都是陳述句，可以變成疑問(wèn)句，方法簡(jiǎn)單，把主語(yǔ)和“be”或助動(dòng)詞對(duì)換位置即可：

　　Is the man a science teacher?

　　Are Mary's new dresses colourful?

　　Have I been there before?

　　Is mother in the kitchen now?

　　★當(dāng)“be”要在祈使句中出現(xiàn)時(shí)，陳述句可借助助動(dòng)詞“do”，否定句必須在前加上助動(dòng)詞“don't”，如：

　　Don't be silly!

　　Do be obedient!

　　Be careful!

　　Don'tbe a fool!

　　★“Be”有兩種縮寫(xiě)法，如下：

　　He's not...../He isn't....

　　You're not...../You aren't...

　　★但“am + not”的縮寫(xiě)法只有一個(gè)：

　　I'm not.

　　有人用“ain't”, 但這并不是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ)。

　　談過(guò)了“be”作主動(dòng)詞的功能

　　【1.】“Be + 現(xiàn)在分詞”以組成進(jìn)行式時(shí)態(tài)(Continuous Tenses)，如：

　　Tony's maidis washing his new car.

　　The children are playing in the field.

　　Samuelwas eating when I came in.

　　We havebeen living here since 1959.

　　【2.】“事/物人 +Be + 過(guò)去分詞”以組成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(The Passive Voice),如：

　　Her money in the drawer was stolen

　　A number of good jobs are taken up by foreigners

　　David studied in Taiwan but hasbeen trained as a language lecturer in America

　　Can all the wonderful birds be found in our Bird Park

　　The disobedient boywas told to stand out- side the classroom

　　Steps are being taken to reduce traffic con- gestion during peak hours

　　Dishonest students will be immediately dealt with