英語助動(dòng)詞讀書筆記
英語助動(dòng)詞讀書筆記
助動(dòng)詞一般沒有詞意，不能單獨(dú)作謂語動(dòng)詞。其作用在于幫助構(gòu)成各種時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、否定、疑問等。下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編精心為您整理的英語助動(dòng)詞讀書筆記，希望您喜歡!
1、助動(dòng)詞be(am, is, are, was, were, being, been)的用法
(1) be后跟現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。
Who is playing the violin?誰在拉小提琴?
She was reading a book then.那時(shí)她正在讀書。
(2)be后跟過去分詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)。
He was asked to do the work.有人要他干這件工作。
You are invited to attend the meetintg.有人邀請(qǐng)你參加會(huì)議。
(3)be 后跟不定式作謂語，有如下幾種情況：
?、俦硎居?jì)劃、安排將要發(fā)生的事。
Who are we to meet?我們要見誰呀?
I'm to have supper with John this afternoon.今天下午我要與約翰一起吃晚飯。
?、诒硎局甘?、命令，否定式表禁止。
You are to see the headmaster today.今天你必須去見校長。
You are not to enter the room without permission.未經(jīng)允許你不能進(jìn)入房間。
?、郾硎玖x務(wù)、責(zé)任等，同should。
You are to be back before 5.你得在5點(diǎn)鐘以前回來。
What is to be done?該干什么。
?、鼙硎究赡苄裕c情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may, can同義。
Such books are to be found in any library.這種書任何圖書館都有。
Not a sound was to be heard.一點(diǎn)聲響也沒有。
?、荼硎竞髞戆l(fā)生的事，可以用來表示命運(yùn)或注定
They say good-bye, little knowing that they were never to meet again.他們告別了，沒想到再也不能相見了。
He was to regret the decision.他有一天會(huì)后悔做出這一決定的。
?、抻糜诹?xí)語
Where am I to go? 我該向何處去?
What am I to do? 我該怎么辦?
2、助動(dòng)詞have(has, had, having)的用法
(1)助動(dòng)詞have可以構(gòu)成完成時(shí)或完成進(jìn)行時(shí)
He has been a doctor for 10 years.他當(dāng)醫(yī)生十年了。
This is the place I have been longing to visit.這就是我一直渴望參觀的地方。
(2)和不定式構(gòu)成謂語，表示客觀上不得不做的事情。
We've missed the train. We'll have to wait for another one.我們己經(jīng)誤了火車，我們只能等下一列。
-Do we have to start work?我們得立刻工作嗎?
-No. We don't have to.不，不必了。
3、do(does, did) 的用法
(1)構(gòu)成疑問句或否定句
How did you know about it?你是怎樣知道這件事的。
He does not smoke. 他不抽煙。
(2)加強(qiáng)語氣。
He did tell that.他的確告訴了此事。
Do come and see us.一定來看我們。
(3)代替前面剛出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)詞，避免重復(fù)。
-You like popular music, don't you?你喜歡流行音樂，是吧?
-Yes , I do.是的，我喜歡。
He speaks French as fluently as she does.他講法語和她講的一樣流利。
(4)用于倒裝句中。
Never did he pay attention to my words.他從不注意我的話。
Only then did I understand the importance of English.只是那時(shí)，我才了解到英語的重要性。
(5)構(gòu)成否定的祈使句。
Don't be so careless.不要那么粗心。
Do not hesitate to come for help.只管來求助。
4、shall(should)和will(would) 的用法
(1)shall(should)用于第一人稱的將來時(shí)中，單純表示來
I shall think it over.我要好好考慮一下。
When shall I see you again?我何時(shí)再見到你?
I rang up to tell her that I should leave for London. 我打電話告訴她我要去倫敦。
(2)will用于第二、第三人稱的將來時(shí)態(tài)中，在現(xiàn)代英語中可以用于所有人稱
He will be 30 next month. 他下月將是30歲。
You will have an English test tomorrow.明天你有英語小測(cè)驗(yàn)。
He wanted to know when you would finish the writing.他想知道你何時(shí)完成寫作。